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Analysis of the Influence of an XY Electronic Mechanism with UV-Vis Spectroscopy on the Production of Gold Nanoparticles by Laser Ablation for Applications in Environmental Nanosensing

Carbajal-Morán Hipólito, Márquez-Camarena Javier F., Ingaruca-Álvarez Ever F., Zárate-Quiñones Rosa H.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 8

52--61

EN

The work consisted in analyzing the influence of an electronic positioning mechanism of an Au metal plate in the XY axes; to optimize the production of Au metal nanoparticles by laser ablation in sterile water samples as well as to obtain morphology and size required for environmental nanosensors. The positioning mechanism is constituted by two M35SP stepper motors of 5 V DC with a rotation angle of 7.5° per step; the one that generates the displacement for each axis of XY coordinates, controlled by an algorithm implemented in Arduino Nano ATmega328, being the driver of the stepper motors the H-bridge of the L298N module, with which it was possible to set the speed to 2 mm/s, which enabled to make the wear of the metal plate uniform in the process of generation of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). With the pulsed laser generator with ablation frequency of 10 Hz and wavelengths of 532 nm and 1064 nm, the Au metal plate was irradiated for 10 min, 20 min and 30 min. AuNPs were generated in colloidal state both for the process with fixed position of the metal plate and for the process using the electronic mechanism of XY positioning; they were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy with range from 300 nm to 850 nm. It was found that the production of AuNPs with the Au plates mobilized by the mechanism under study, generates colloids of spherical AuNPs of smaller diameter, close to 10 nm, with an average reduction of 19% in relation to that generated with the fixed position plate; likewise, the concentration of the AuNPs increased by 20.40%; therefore, the influence of the XY positioning electronic mechanism was positive in the production of AuNPs with morphology and sizes suitable for use in environmental nanosensors.

2

Optical Properties of Intraocular Implants Coated with Silver Nanoparticles

Jeż Kinga, Gacek Marcin, Nabiałek Marcin, Tóth László, Pike-Biegunski M.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2021

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Vol. 66, iss. 2

477--481

EN

Prolonged exposure to UV radiation, and ever-increasing life expectancy, mean that an increasing proportion of the population suffers from clouding of the intraocular lens. Nowadays, the performance of intraocular implantation procedures is commonplace. Unfortunately, with the increasing number of operations, the number of postoperative complications is also increasing. One way to avoid complications may be to use an intraocular implant that has been immersed in a solution containing silver nanoparticles. As part of the study, four selected intraocular implants – that are available on the ophthalmic market – were tested. In order to investigate the effect of silver particles on the optical properties of the implants, tests were carried out using a UV-VIS spectrophotometer. Two series of implants were tested: before and after immersion in a silver solution. The implants were immersed for a period of 7 days. It was found that the presence of silver particles does not have a negative impact on the translucency of the implants.

3

Loading Effect of Ag Nanoparticles on Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2 Nanorod Arrays Prepared by Hydrothermal Method

Lee Kwangmin, Yoo Daeheung, Zakiyuddin Ahmad

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2021

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Vol. 66, iss. 3

751--754

EN

Rutile-TiO2 nanorod thin films were formed on Ti disks via alkali treatment in NaOH solutions followed by heat treatment at 700°C. Ag nanoparticles were loaded on nanorods using a photo-reduction method to improve the photocatalytic properties of the prepared specimen. The surface characterization and the photo-electrochemical properties of the Ag-loaded TiO2 nanorods were investigated using a field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-Vis spectroscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The TiO2 nanorods obtained after the heat treatment were 80 to 180 nm thick and 1 μm long. The thickness of the nanorods increased with the NaOH concentration. The UV-Vis spectra exhibit a shift in the absorption edge of the Ag-loaded TiO2 to the visible light range and further narrowing of the bandgap. The decrease in the size of the capacitive loops in the EIS spectra showed that the Ag loading effectively improved the photocatalytic activity of the TiO2 nanorods.

4

Studies on Physicochemical Properties of Selected Apiproducts as Materials for Preparation of Protein Spheres

Kudłacik-Kramarczyk Sonia, Głąb Magdalena, Drabczyk Anna, Tyliszczak Bożena, Kołoczek Henryk

Inżynieria Mineralna

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2019

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R. 21, nr 1

125--130

EN

The main purpose of this work was to determine the impact of the location of bee apiaries in different parts of Poland on the physicochemical properties of selected bee honeys. Studies focused on the determination of the antioxidant properties of apiproducts. The water content in honeys as well as their pH values were also analyzed. Four types of honeys (honeydew, linden, buckwheat, acacia) originating from various parts of Poland were selected for the research. Based on the obtained results, it can be stated that the examined honeys differed in physicochemical properties, which was related to the differences in their chemical composition. All honeys tested showed antioxidant properties. It can also be found that the water content in analyzed products was related to their origin and variety. Analyzing pH measurements, it can also be observed that all tested samples were characterized by acidic properties.

PL

Głównym celem tej pracy było określenie wpływu lokalizacji pasiek pszczelich w różnych częściach Polski na właściwości fizyko-chemiczne wybranych miodów pszczelich. Badania koncentrowały się na określeniu właściwości przeciwutleniających produktów api (pszczelich) . Analizowano również zawartość wody w miodzie, a także ich wartości pH. Do badań wybrano cztery rodzaje miodów (spadziowy, lipowy, gryczany, akacjowy) pochodzące z różnych regionów Polski. Na podstawie uzyskanych wyników można stwierdzić, że wytwarzane miody różniły się właściwościami fizykochemicznymi, co było związane z różnicami w ich składzie chemicznym. Wszystkie badane miody wykazały właściwości przeciwutleniające. Można również stwierdzić, że zawartość wody w analizowanych produktach była związana z ich pochodzeniem i odmianą. Analizując pomiary pH, można również zauważyć, że wszystkie badane próbki charakteryzowały się właściwościami kwasowymi.

5

Własności spektroskopowe kompleksów utworzonych przez tlenek grafenu i pochodną porfiryny z grupą arylową

Rosiak N., Bogucki A., Świetlik R., Lewandowska K.

Technical Issues

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2017

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nr 2

16--22

EN

Hybrid systems based on graphene oxide (GO) modified by organic molecules with the properties of donor and acceptor are very popular. The researches made in the last few years show that these structures have a really interesting photoelectrochemical properties. The ability of graphene oxide to effectively capture electrons, e.g. of porphyrins suggests the potential use of such materials in photovoltaics and molecular optoelectronics. This implies that further research of this group of molecular materials is very important from the point of view of their applications in diodes and transistors. The goal of the research was to create new hybrid systems with donor-acceptor properties, consisting of graphite oxide and porphyrin 5,10,15,20-Tetrakis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -21H, 23H-porphine. The resulting hybrid structure has been characterized by spectroscopic investigation in a wide spectral range from ultraviolet to infrared.

6

Synthesis, growth and characterization of organic crystal triphenylmethane p-nitroaniline: a nonlinear optical crystal

Bhuvaneswari G., Prasad L. G., Prabhavathi N.

Materials Science Poland

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2017

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Vol. 35, No. 3

667--672

EN

A triphenylmethane-4-nitroaniline salt has been synthesized and the crystals have been grown by using slow evaporation solution growth technique. The grown single crystal was investigated by recording the powder XRD, FT-IR spectrum, UV-Vis spectrum, Vickers microhardness test, dielectric measurements and powder SHG. The growth of crystal was confirmed by analyzing the XRD pattern and it was stated that the grown material crystallized in triclinic system. Vibrational peaks of the functional groups existing in the compound were identified. Vickers microhardness studies were carried to measure the mechanical strength. In order to identify the phase transition temperature, the dielectric studies were carried out at different temperatures. Dielectric constant, dielectric loss and impedance of the crystal were monitored with respect to the frequency of electric field.

7

UV-Vis studies of 800 keV Ar ion irradiated NiO thin films

Mallick P., Mishra D. K., Kumar P., Kanjilal D.

Materials Science Poland

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2015

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Vol. 33, No. 3

555--559

EN

We report the evolution of optical absorption properties of 800 keV Ar ion irradiated NiO thin films through UV-Vis characterization. Our results indicate the existence of both Mott-Hubbard (d → d transition) and charge-transfer (p ! d transition) characteristic of NiO. The optical band gap of NiO increases from 3.58 to 3.75 eV when irradiated at the fluence of 5 x 1014 ions cm-2 but it does not show any remarkable variation upon 800 keV Ar ion irradiation at higher fluences. The refractive index and electron polarizability at different ion fluences have been determined from the optical band gap. Both refractive index and electron polarizability follow an opposite trend to that of the energy gap as a function of ion fluence.

8

Influence of different materials on the microstructure and optical band gap of α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles

Mallick P

Materials Science Poland

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2014

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Vol. 32, No. 2

193--197

EN

Composites of hematite (a-Fe2O3) nanoparticles with different materials (NiO, TiO2, MnO2 and Bi2O3) were synthesized. Effects of different materials on the microstructure and optical band gap of a-Fe2O3 nanoparticles were studied. Crystallite size and strain analysis indicated that the pure a-Fe2O3 nanoparticles were influenced by the presence of different materials in the composite sample. Crystallite size and strain estimated for all the samples followed opposite trends. However, the value of direct band gap decreased from 2.67 eV for the pure a-Fe2O3 nanoparticles to 2.5 eV for a-Fe2O3 composites with different materials. The value of indirect band gap, on the other hand, increased for all composite samples except for a-Fe2O3/Bi2O3.

9

Electrical and optical properties of spin-coated SnO2 nanofilms

Izydorczyk W, Waczynski K, Izydorczyk J, Karasinski P, Mazurkiewicz J, Magnuski M, Uljanow J, Waczynska-Niemiec N, Filipowski W

Materials Science Poland

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2014

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Vol. 32, No. 4

729--736

EN

SnO2 nanocrystalline thin films have been deposited on oxidized silicon substrates by spin-coating from a precursor solution, followed by slow thermal annealing in oxygen atmosphere at different temperatures (500 to 900 °C). The precursor solution consisted of 1.0 to 2.0 M SnCl4•5H2O in isopropanol. It was shown that the concentration of the precursor solution, annealing temperature and heating rate had a significant effect on the structural, optical and electrical properties of the studied thin films. The topography of SnO2 thin films was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, as-deposited films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis and impedance spectroscopy.

10

Metody spektroskopowe w diagnostyce zmian nowotworowych ludzkiego gruczołu piersiowego

Brożek-Płuska B

Zeszyty Naukowe. Rozprawy Naukowe / Politechnika Łódzka

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2013

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Z. 448

1--112

PL

Metodami powszechnie stosowanymi w diagnostyce zmian nowotworowych ludzkiego gruczołu piersiowego są: mammografia, ultrasonografia oraz ostatecznie potwierdzające diagnozę badanie histopatologiczne tkanek pobranych podczas biopsji. Badania prezentowane w rozprawie ilustrują możliwość zastosowania metod spektroskopowych w diagnostyce zmian onkologicznych piersi ludzkiej. Praca przedstawia badania eksperymentalne wykonane z wykorzystaniem: spektroskopii Ramana, spektroskopii IR, spektroskopii UV-Vis i femtosekundowej spektroskopii laserowej dotyczące identyfikacji i spektroskopowej charakteryzacji zmian nowotworowych ludzkiego gruczołu piersiowego, w tym preparatów zawierających potencjalne fotouczulacze mogące znaleźć zastosowanie w terapii fotodynamicznej PDT. Analiza widm wibracyjnych dla grupy ponad 100 pacjentów Wojewódzkiego Szpitala Specjalistycznego im. M. Kopernika w Łodzi pozwoliła na wskazanie markerów zmian nowotworowych, które mogą być oznaczane metodami spektroskopii Ramana, w tym obrazowania Ramana. Badania z wykorzystaniem spektroskopii Ramana wykonano dla linii wzbudzenia z zakresu widzialnego: 514 oraz 532 nm. Jako obszary spektralne pozwalające na odróżnienie tkanek o budowie prawidłowej od zmienionych nowotworowo zaproponowano zakresy charakterystyczne dla drgań karotenoidów, lipidów, białek oraz wody. Pasma 1004, 1158, 1518 cm‾1 charakterystyczne dla karotenoidów, zakres 2800-3100 cm‾1 charakterystyczny dla drgań lipidów oraz białek, a także pasma 3258, 3311, 3410 cm‾1 charakterystyczne dla drgań cząsteczek wody uznano za markery pozwalające na odróżnienie komórek ludzkiego gruczołu piersiowego o budowie prawidłowej od zmienionych nowotworowo. W ramach analizy przeprowadzonej dla zakresu spektralnego 2800-3100 cm‾1 porównano widma wibracyjne komórek ludzkiego gruczołu piersiowego o budowie prawidłowej i zmienionej nowotworowo z widmami niezbędnych nienasyconych kwasów tłuszczowych: kwasem oleinowym (OA, ω-9), przedstawicielami kwasów ω-6: kwasem linolowym (LA), γ-linolenowym (GLA), arachidonowym (AA) oraz przedstawicielami kwasów ω-3: kwasem a-linolenowym (ALA), eikozapentaenowym (EPA) i dekozaheksaenowym (DHA). Analiza porównawcza została przeprowadzona także dla: trójpodstawionych pochodnych glicerolu, D-α-fosfatydylocholiny (DPPC), mioinositolu, kardiolipiny, sfingomieliny, cholesterolu. Widma Ramana ludzkiego gruczołu piersiowego z zakresu 2800-3100 cm‾1 porównano także z widmami białek zwierzęcych (świńskich) pochodzących z komórek mięśniowych. Analiza preparatów gruczołu piersiowego w zakresie 3200-3500 cm‾1 pozwoliła na identyfikację różnych typów wody w postaci wody w masie (ang. bulk) oraz wody międzyfazowej (ang. interfacial water). Pasma 3258, 3410 cm‾1 przypisano drganiom wody typu bulk, a pasmo 3311 cm‾1 uznano za charakterystyczne dla wody międzyfazowej. Pasmo 3311 cm‾1 okazało się typowym dla preparatów komórek nowotworowych ludzkiego gruczołu piersiowego. Przeprowadzone badania spektroskopowe pozostają w zgodzie z obserwacjami klinicznymi, wskazującymi, iż tkanki nowotworowe cechuje większa w porównaniu z komórkami o budowie prawidłowej hydratacja, która pobudza ich proces dzielenia się, ekspresję onkogenu, dezaktywuje geny odpowiedzialne za różnicowanie się komórek, zapobiega apoptozie, a stopień hydratacji koreluje ze stopniem złośliwości nowotworu. Z wykorzystaniem spektroskopii IR została wykonana analiza widm wibracyjnych w funkcji wilgotności dla podstawowych składników budulcowych każdej komórki żywej, takich jak DNA i DPPC otrzymane wyniki pozwoliły wyciągnąć wnioski dotyczące siły oddziaływań między cząsteczkami wody a składnikami komórki. Niskotemperaturowa spektroskopia Ramana, stacjonarna spektroskopia absorpcyjna UV-Vis oraz femtosekundowa spektroskopia laserowa absorpcji przejściowej zostały zastosowane w analizie własności fotochemicznych potencjalnych fotouczulaczy na przykładzie roztworów metaloftalocyjanin w postaci tetrasulfonowanych ftalocyjanin: cynku, aluminium, magnezu i miedzi w H2O oraz DMSO. Dokonano identyfikacji mechanizmów dyssypacji energii w badanych układach zachodzących pod wpływem światła niepozostającego w rezonansie z przejściami elektronowymi B i Q charakterystycznymi dla tej klasy związków. Z wykorzystaniem spektroskopii femtosekundowej przeanalizowano oddziaływania między kwasem ftalocyjaniny glinu w postaci filmów a komórkami ludzkiego gruczołu piersiowego o budowie prawidłowej i patologicznej dla linii wzbudzenia 677 nm pozostającej w rezonansie z przejściem Q wybranej ftalocyjaniny; otrzymane wyniki porównano z danymi charakterystycznymi dla roztworów wodnych tego fotouczulacza. Badania metaloftalocyjanin wykonane z wykorzystaniem spektroskopii absorpcyjnej z zakresu UV-Vis dla roztworów wodnych i w DMSO pozwoliły na oszacowanie stałych dimeryzacji dla ftalocyjanin: cynku, miedzi, glinu i magnezu i potwierdziły, iż większość ftalocyjanin agreguje silniej w roztworach wodnych niż w DMSO. Wyjątkiem okazała się tetrasulfonowana ftalocyjanina glinu, która w postaci kwasu, jak i soli czterosodowej, pozostawała w formie monomeru tak w wodzie, jak i rozpuszczalniku organicznym. Analiza filmów tetrasulfonowanej ftalocyjaniny glinu w postaci kwasu oraz soli czterosodowej z wykorzystaniem spektroskopii IR pozwoliła na identyfikację wpływu podstawników w makrocyklu na własności wibracyjne hydratowanych filmów ftalocyjanin. Zidentyfikowane zostały drgania wody zaangażowane w oddziaływania o charakterze wiązań wodorowych z grupą sulfonową i atomem centralnym makrocyklu. Badania roztworów tetrasulfonowanych ftalocyjanin w wodzie i DMSO z wykorzystaniem spektroskopii femtosekundowej oraz niskotemperaturowej spektroskopii Ramana, dla wzbudzenia niepozostającego w rezonansie z przejściami B i Q ftalocyjanin, pozwoliły na zaproponowanie mechanizmów dyssypacji energii w badanych układach obejmujących kanały promieniste i bezpromieniste. Analiza widm niskotemperaturowych, jak i widm absorpcji przejściowej pozwoliła na identyfikację kanałów fotoindukowanej dysocjacji związanych z przeniesieniem elektronu między jonami ftalocyjanin. Wykazano, że przeniesienie elektronu jest związane z odległością między sąsiadującymi pierścieniami i może zachodzić efektywnie jedynie dla struktur typu 'kanapkowego' (ang. ring stacked), w których występuje silne nakładanie się chmur JI elektronów ligandów. Wykazano, iż struktury te występują w fazach krystalicznych dla wysoko stężonych roztworów wodnych. Pokazano także, że fotoindukowane przeniesienie elektronu nie występuje w roztworach z DMSO. Zagadnienie agregacji ftalocyjanin jest bardzo istotne z punktu widzenia zastosowań tych związków w terapii PDT. Równowaga procesu dimeryzacji przesunięta silnie w kierunku monomeru zwiększa efektywność przejść interkombinacyjnych (ang. intersystem crossing - ISC) do stanu trypletowego oraz wydajność generowania tlenu singletowego, co z kolei zwiększa pożądane działanie ftalocyjaniny w fotodynamicznej terapii antynowotworowej. Analiza oddziaływań fotouczulacza w postaci filmu z komórkami gruczołu piersiowego o budowie prawidłowej i nowotworowej, na przykładzie kwasu ftalocyjaniny glinu, pozwoliła wykazać, że dla tkanki o budowie prawidłowej typowe są procesy relaksacji bezpromienistej w przeciwieństwie do komórek nowotworowych oraz roztworów, dla których przeważają promieniste kanały relaksacji energii. Analiza widm Ramana, w zakresach spektralnych, charakterystycznych dla karotenoidów i lipidów pozwoliła na wyznaczenie czułości i swoistości stosowanej metody spektroskopowej względem proponowanych markerów zmian nowotworowych. Zastosowanie analizy PCA pozwoliło zaś na wskazanie ωczęstości pasm różnicujących komórki prawidłowe ludzkiego gruczołu piersiowego od zmienionych nowotworowo z wykorzystaniem metod chemometrycznych.

EN

In the traditional approach breast cancer can be identified using different well established methods, such as computer tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), X-ray, ultrasound, biopsy and in cases of breast cancer also mammography or miraluma breast imaging. However, the preferred method for diagnosing breast cancer is histological analysis. Presently a histological analysis, being the standard procedure of breast cancer diagnostics, occurs to be sometimes inconvenient, time consuming and in a number of cases leads to ambiguous prone to human interpretations. This shows an evident need to develop new methods that would enable an unequivocal diagnosis within a short time. In this work an application of spectroscopic methods such as: Raman spectroscopy and imaging, IR spectroscopy, UV-VIS spectroscopy and time-resolved laser spectroscopy techniques for breast cancer detection, biochimical characterization and description of energy dissypation mechanisms in noncancerous and cancerous breast tissues have been presented. Results obtained by the Raman spectroscopy and images reveal an inhomogeneous distribution of different compounds, mainly carotenoids, proteins, fatty acids and products of fatty acids metabolism in the cancerous breast tissue that differs from that of the surrounding noncancerous breast tissue. Carotenoids, proteins and fatty acids as well as the products of fatty acids metabolism can be treated as Raman biomarkers to distinguish between the cancerous and noncancerous human breast tissues. The fatty acid composition of the cancerous breast tissue is markedly different from that of the surrounding noncancerous one. The cancerous breast tissue seems to be dominated by the protein component and the ω-6 acids and products of ω-6 acids metabolism -eicosanoids catalyzed by cyclooxygenase, while the noncancerous breast tissue seems to be dominated by monounsaturated oleic acid and ω-3 acids spectra (LA, ALA and DHA). The low temperatures Raman spectroscopy has been used to identified phase transitions characteristic for oleic acid in a pure form and confined in noncancerous breast tissue. The results obtained by Raman spectroscopy are identical as those obtained by DSC method. The OH stretching vibrations of water also can be useful as potential Raman biomarkers to distinguish between the cancerous and the noncancerous human breast tissues. It has been found that water amount as well as the band shapes of the OH stretching bands of the cancerous breast tissue are markedly different from that of the surrounding noncancerous one. It has been shown that water at DNA and lipid interfaces is represented by the bands of symmetric and antisymmetric like vibrations in the region of the OH stretching modes in contrast to water confined in the cancerous breast tissue where the single band at 3311 cm‾1 dominates in the Raman spectrum. Water in the cancerous breast tissue is very likely present as interfacial molecule, which is hydrogen bonded to some hydrophilic moieties in the tissue and the change of vibrational pattern of behavior may be due to the decoupling of the vibrations of the OH bonds in water molecule or change of the vibrational selection rules at biological interfaces. The Raman spectra and images are also sensitive indicators of distribution of photosensitizers in the noncancerous and the cancerous structures of the breast tissue from the safety margin and the tumor mass. It has been shown that the aggregation and distribution of photosensitizers in the cancerous breast tissue are markedly different from that of the noncancerous breast tissues. Low temperatures Raman spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy and time resolved laser spectroscopy have been used to study aggregation and radical forms formation for various tetrasulphonated phthalocyanines. It has been proved that the dimerization of the tetrasulphonated phthalocyanines is significantly shifted towards monomeric form in DMSO solutions compared to aqueous solutions. Generation of the charge transfer species (CT) due to the charge transfer between the central metal ion and the ligand of the phthalocyanine macrocycle has been observed. The spectroscopic evidence of CT generation was observed in the region 500-600 nm both by the pump-probe femtosecond and the emission Raman spectroscopy. The charge transfer species were generated in competition with another channel of energy dissipation via T1→Tn triplet absorption. The transient absorption observed by the pump-probe femtosecond and the emission at around 730 nm by low temperatures Raman spectroscopy has been assigned to the radical transient species generated in the process of the photoredox dissociation that is accompanied by the electron transfer between the adjacent phthalocyaninemacrocycles. The photoredox dissociation was result in the formation of the oxidized and reduced ligand radicals. The excited-state dynamics of the tetrasulphonated aluminum phthalocyanine (AlPcS4) have been studied at biological interface of the human breast tissue by Raman, IR, fluorescence and pump-probe transient absorption laser spectroscopy providing information about the events occurring in time scale ranging from femtoseconds to nanoseconds. It has been shown that the dynamics in the interfacial regions of the biological tissue is markedly shorter than that in solutions and the photosensitizer responsible for harvesting of the light energy in biological tissue find their ways for a recovery through some special features of the potential energy surfaces such as conical intersections, which facilitate the rate of radiationless transitions. The tetrasulphonated aluminum phthalocyanine interacts with the normal (noncancerous) breast tissue and cancerous tissue according to different pathways. The dynamics in the noncancerous tissue is dominated by the radiationless decay at a conical intersection in contrast to the dynamics in solutions, which is dominated by the fluorescence. The dynamics in the cancerous tissue is dominated by the phosphorescence from the triplet state T1 state. The dynamics of AlPcS4 reveals three time scales: 110-170 fs, 1-7 ps, and 20-60 ps. The shortest time constants have been assigned to vibrational wavepacket dynamics in the Franck-Condon region down to the local minimum of the excited state Si, a few picosecond component has been assigned to vibrational relaxation in the ground and excited electronic states, 20-60 ps components represent the decay from the triplet state T1 to the ground state S0. The sensitivity of Raman spectroscopy method in breast cancer detection was found equal to 60% for the carotenoids and 87% for lipids, while the specificity was equal to 95% for carotenoids and 89% for lipids.

11

Researches of topography and optical properties of the thin films NiPc/PTCDA donor acceptor couple

Weszka J., Jarka P., Chwastek-Ogierman M., Hajduk B.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2012

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Vol. 53, nr 2

81--88

EN

Purpose: The aim of this work consists of researches of surface topography and optical properties of organic thin films of NiPc : PTCDA blends deposited by thermal evaporation from one source. Thin films of organic materials are provided as donor/acceptor couple in heterojuction solar cells. Design/methodology/approach: Films consisting of NiPc and PTCDA mixture were deposited by thermal evaporation from one source. By using blends with different PTCDA to NiPc ratios and steering the temperature of the sources and hence deposition rate different properties of layers are obtained. Findings: Both the chemical composition and technological parameters of deposition process has appeared to influence on optical properties and surface morphology of thin films. These parameters were found to influence surface morphology and UV-Vis absorption spectra. Research limitations/implications: The paper shows the methodology of deposition NiPc/PTCDA donor/ acceptor blends and the influence of evaporation parameters on properties of thin films. That can be used for the research of the planar heterojunction solar cells based on NiPc/PTCDA heterojunction donor-acceptor couple active layers. Practical implications: Results of researches suggest that blends of NiPc and PTCDA can be useful materials in organic photovoltaic device. However right deposition parameters and the blends proportions determine the properties of NiPc/PTCDA donor/acceptor thin films. Originality/value: The goal of this paper is to definie the surface topography and optical properties of thin films NiPc/PTCDA blends prepared with different proportions of components and parameters of evaporation process.

12

Investigations of morphology and optical properties of thin films of TiOPc/PTCDA donor acceptor couple

Weszka J., Jarka P., Hajduk B., Chwastek-Ogierman M.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2012

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Vol. 55, nr 2

396--402

EN

Purpose: The aim of this work is studying surface topography and optical properties of organic thin films of TiOPc and PTCDA blends deposited by thermal vacuum evaporation. Design/methodology/approach: Thin films of blends of organic materials are provided as donor/acceptor couples in bulk heterojunction based organic solar cells. Thin films of TiOPc - PTCDA mixture have been deposited by thermal vacuum evaporation from one source with various ratios of blends components and deposition rates used. Both the chemical composition and technological parameters of the deposition process have appeared to influence on optical properties, UV-Vis absorption spectra in particular, and surface morphology of the as-prepared thin films. The paper reveals the methodology of deposition thin films of TiPc-PTCDA donor/ acceptor blends and the influence of deposition parameters on their properties. Findings: Thin films of such blends can be used for the research on the planar heterojunction solar cells based on donor-acceptor couple active layers. Results of these investigations suggest that blends of TiOPc and PTCDA can be suitable materials for preparing organic photovoltaic devices. Research limitations/implications: Deposition parameters and proportions of the blend components used determine the properties of TiOPc/PTCDA thin films. Originality/value: The goal of this paper is also to define relations connecting the surface morphology and optical properties of thin films of TiOPc-PTCDA blend prepared with their composition and parameters of the evaporation process.

13

Porfiryny zamknięte w żelu krzemionkowym

Wiglusz R. J.

Wiadomości Chemiczne

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2011

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[Z] 65, 7-8

675-703

EN

The need for new, chemically and physically stable luminescent materials operating with UV excitations has stimulated research on luminescence properties of doped sol–gel material. In this work, it has been presented a technology of production of silica gels doped with organic molecules, lanthanide compounds and organic/inorganic composites. Optical properties of these materials as functions of temperature, concentration and excitation wavelength are presented. Dynamics of excited states has been discussed based on the decay times and emission efficiencies data. Mechanisms of ligand-to-metal energy transfer as well as other processes affecting emission efficiency are considered. Silica sol–gels doped with di-aminoacid derivatives of porphyrins: PP(Ser)2(Arg)2, PP(Ala)2(Arg)2, PP(Met)2(Arg)2, where Met, Arg and Ser denote methionine, serine and arginine aminoacids, respectively, and H2TTMePP {tetrakis[4-(trimethylammonio)phenyl]-21H,23H-porphine} have been obtained and spectroscopically studied. These materials can find applications as phosphors or sensors of UV irradiation.

14

Zastosowanie spektroskopii UV-VIS w badaniach właściwości chemicznych i strukturalnych naturalnej materii organicznej (NOM) akumulowanej w osadach dennych jezior

Mielnik L.

Gaz, Woda i Technika Sanitarna

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2011

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Nr 10

380-382

15

Znaczenie spektrofotometrii UV-Vis w badaniach biodostępności farmaceutycznej w warunkach in vitro

Gościańska J., Olejnik A., Sobieszczuk E., Latanowicz K., Nowak I.

Chemik

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2011

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Vol. 65, nr 7

649-654

PL

Badania biodostępności substancji leczniczych w warunkach in vitro, z zastosowaniem membran dializacyjnych imitujących barierę skórną, są prowadzone od lat przez światowe koncerny farmaceutyczne. Przyczyniły się one do rozwoju metod spektroskopowych, które pozwalają określić zarówno szybkość uwalniania składników biologicznie czynnych z preparatów maściowych do środowiska zewnętrznego, jak również rzędowość tego procesu. W artykule przedstawiono znaczenie spektrofotometrii UV-Vis w badaniach biodostępności farmaceutycznej izotretynoiny oraz heparyny z formulacji o różnym składzie chemicznym.

EN

The in vitro release studies of the active substance with the use of dialysis membrane imitating the skin barrier have been carried out by pharmaceutical concerns for many years. The results contributed to the development of spectroscopic methods which enable estimation of the release rate of active compounds from semisolid dosage forms to a liquid medium as well as characterisation of the kinetics of the process. This article presents the significance of UV-Vis spectroscopy in in vitro release studies of izotretinoin and heparin from various formulations.

16

Wykorzystanie metod spektroskopowych w badaniach procesów i produktów polimeryzacji rodnikowej

Pabin-Szafko B., Wiśniewska E.

Chemik

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2011

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Vol. 65, nr 7

637-642

PL

Zastosowanie metod spektroskopowych w chemii polimerów pozwala na uzyskanie niezbędnych informacji przy identyfikowaniu struktury chemicznej związków i tym samym na badanie różnych procesów, począwszy od syntezy inicjatorów, ich zachowania się w różnych warunkach (np. w reakcji rozpadu), poprzez badanie pozostałych substratów oraz produktów polimeryzacji, a także badanie innych procesów - modyfikacji czy destrukcji polimerów.

EN

The utilization of spectroscopic methods in polymer chemistry allows obtaining the necessary information to identify the chemical structure of compounds and moreover different processes studies, starting from initiator synthesis, their behaviour at various conditions (e.g. during thermal decomposition), through the other polymerization substrates and products study, and also other processes - polymers modification or destruction investigations.

17

Influence of technological conditions on optical properties and morphology of spin-coated PPI thin films

Chwastek M., Weszka J., Jurusik J., Hajduk B., Jarka P.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2011

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Vol. 48, nr 2

69-76

EN

The aim of this paper is to show technical and chemical parameters influence on optical properties and morphology of poly (1,4-phenylenemethylenenitrilo- 1,4-phenylenenitrilomethylene) (PPI) thin films prepared by spin-coating method

18

Tri-tert-butoksysilanotiolanowe kompleksy cynku(II), kadmu(II) i kobaltu(II) jako modele koordynacji jonu cynku w miejscu aktywnym dehydrogenazy alkoholowej i niektórych innych enzymów

Dołęga A.

Wiadomości Chemiczne

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2010

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[Z] 64, 5-6

389-411

EN

Zinc is ubiquitous in living organisms and second only to iron among the transition metals. Catalytic zinc sites have been found in all six classes of enzymes. Liver alcohol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.1, LADH, Fig. 1) is a zinc enzyme, which catalyzes reversible oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes utilizing as a co-substrate NAD+. The mechanism of an action of the enzyme is summarized by an equation: R1R2CHOH + NAD+ = R1R2CO + NADH + H+ The coordination of zinc in LADH is usually described as pseudotetrahedral but there were several findings supporting penta-coordination of zinc during the catalytic cycle (Fig. 1 and 2) [1–7]. Studies on synthetic analogues of functional sites of the enzymes are used to elucidate the substrate – metal interactions [8]. Tri-tert-butoxysilanethiol which was used as a ligand to model cysteinate – metal ion centers has several advantageous features. It secures formation of mononuclear transition-metal complexes, exhibits resistance towards hydrolysis, and additionally its pKa value is close to that of cysteine mercapto group [9–11]. Over 20 tri-tertbutoxysilanethiolate complexes with MS2NO2 (M = transition metal) cores were synthesized to model the enzymatic centre of alcohol dehydrogenase, including complexes with water, methanol and ethanol (Fig. 5). Crystal structures of zinc(II), cobalt(II), cadmium(II), and manganese(II) complexes were determined and compared to the structures of LADH [12–17]. Structural features of zinc(II) and cadmium(II) complexes were analyzed (Fig. 9, Tab. 2) [15]. 113Cd CP/MAS NMR spectra of tri-tert-butoxysilanethiolate cadmium(II) complexes were determined and compared with the 113Cd NMR spectra of the cadmium-substituted alcohol dehydrogenase. Solid state 113Cd NMR shifts of five-coordinate cadmium(II) complexes with the CdNO2S2 coordination core were found to be identical to that of cadmium-substituted alcohol dehydrogenase in complex with NAD+ [15,18]. The equilibrium character of the reactions between bis(bis(tri-tert-butoxysilanethiolate) cadmium(II) and nitrogen ligands, with a low equilibrium constant of heteroleptic complex formation, were proved by 113Cd NMR studies in solution [18, 19]. The electronic absorption spectra of heteroleptic cobalt(II) complexes with tri-tert-butoxysilanethiolate and imidazole ligands were measured in methanol and solid state. The equilibrium reactions in the methanolic solutions of cobalt complexes were described on the basis of the analysis of charge transfer bands S→dCo LMCT and the molecular structures of the obtained complexes [17]. EPR spectra revealed the high-spin configuration of the studied cobalt(II) compounds [17]. Quantum mechanical calculations performed on the model zinc complex indicate ca10–20% decrease in enthalpy of ethanol deprotonation due to complexation with Zn2+ [15].

19

Badania spektroskopowe dowodów odbarwiania olejów napędowych i lekkich olejów opałowych przeznaczanych na cele energetyczne

Grabowski I., Zaleszczyk G., Sznajder M.

LAB Laboratoria, Aparatura, Badania

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2010

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R. 15, nr 6

28-32

20

Comparing of optical properties and morphology of polyoxadiazoles with CF3 groups

Hajduk B., Jarka P., Weszka J., Bruma M., Jurusik J., Chwastek M., Mańskowski D.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2010

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Vol. 40, nr 1

7-14

EN

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to compare optical properties of 4-(1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2(-4(-3(4-(5-(4-m-tolyoxy)phenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)phenoxy)phenylcarbomyl)phenyl)propan2-yl)-N-methylbenzamide (Oxad 6F-D) and 4-(1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2(-4-(4-(4-(5-(4-(p-tolyoxy)phenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)phenoxycarbaomyl)phenyl)propan-2-yl)-N-methylbenzamide (Oxad 6F-E). Design/methodology/approach: The Oxad 6F polymer thin films were deposited onto glass and KBr substrates by spin–coating method under different technological conditions. Findings: The spinning rate V and solution concentration C influenced optical properties of Oxad 6F-D and Oxad 6F-E thin films. The goal of this paper is to show differences in properties of these polymers. Research limitations/implications: The electrical and luminescent properties of Oxad 6F polymers will be carried out in the nearest time. The different properties of these polymers are caused by benzene position in the polymer chain, two aromatic rings are in meta-position in Oxad 6F-D and all benzene rings are in para-positions in Oxad 6F-E. Practical implications: Thin films of Oxad 6F-D and Oxad 6F-E are good potential material for applications in polymer optoelectronic devices. Originality/value: The aim of this paper is to describe the optical properties of Oxad 6F polymers prepared under different technological conditions.