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1

Zastosowania narzędzi Lean Production (LP) w MSP w Wielkopolsce

Ciszewski Maciej

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Poznańskiej. Organizacja i Zarządzanie

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2023

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Nr 88

55--74

PL

Skuteczne i sprawne zarządzanie produkcją może zapewnić przedsiębiorstwu przewagę konkurencyjną, a eliminacja marnotrawstwa w systemie produkcyjnym staje się priorytetem. W odniesieniu do tego podjęto przegląd piśmiennictwa, którego zasadniczym celem była analiza publikacji związanych z implementacjami Lean Production (LP) w polskiej przestrzeni gospodarczej. W rezultacie badania literatury metodą analizy słów kluczowych odkryto niedobór publikacji dotyczących wdrożeń narzędzi LP w małych i średnich przedsiębiorstwach (MSP). Większość publikacji dotyczyła dużych firm i skupiała się na analizach skutków powdrożeniowych pojedynczych narzędzi LP, choć to MSP generują 77% polskiego PKB (raport PARP, 2020). Autor podjął próbę uzupełnienia zaobserwowanej luki badawczej związanej z niedoborem badań dotyczących zastosowań narzędzi LP w MSP. Metodyka badawcza obejmowała analizę wyselekcjonowanych artykułów, zestawienie wniosków z badania ankietowego autorskim kwestionariuszem w 300 małych i średnich przedsiębiorstwach w Wielkopolsce oraz obserwację uczestniczącą. Celem badań jest wykazanie, jakie narzędzia LP są najczęściej wykorzystywane w MSP w zależności od rodzaju działalności i dokonanie analizy planów wdrożeniowych narzędzi LP. W artykule określono poziom bieżących i przewidywanych w ciągu trzech lat zastosowań narzędzi LP w wielkopolskich MSP oraz ujawniono powiązania pomiędzy tymi narzędziami. Tekst zakończony został podsumowaniem przedstawiającym wnioski z przeprowadzonych badań. Pozyskana wiedza może być użyteczna dla studentów studiów kierunkowych z dyscypliny nauk o zarządzaniu i jakości, jak i praktyków wdrożeń Lean związanych z organizowaniem systemów produkcyjnych.

EN

Effective production management can provide a company with a competitive advantage and the elimination of waste in production becomes a priority. In relation to this, a literature review was undertaken, the main purpose of which was to analyze publications on the implementation of Lean Production (LP) in Poland. As a result of a literature search using keyword analysis, a shortage of publications on the implementation of LP tools in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) was discovered. Most of the publications concerned large companies and focused on analyses of the post-implementation effects of individual LP tools, despite SMEs generating 77% of the Polish GDP. An attempt was made to fill the observed research gap relating to the shortage of research on the use of LP tools in SMEs. The research methodology included an analysis of selected articles, conclusions from a survey conducted using an original questionnaire in 300 small and medium-sized enterprises in Wielkopolska (Greater Poland), and participant observation. The aim of the research was to show which LP tools are most often used in SMEs depending on the type of activity and to analyze the implementation plans for these LP tools. The article determines the level of current and expected use of LP tools in Wielkopolska’s SMEs within 3 years and reveals the links between these tools. The article ends with a summary presenting the conclusions of the research. The acquired knowledge may be useful for students of management and quality sciences, as well as Lean implementation practitioners involved in the organization of production.

2

Roles of effective leaders in small and mediumsized enterprise management under the global economic crisis

Thornsri Prapaporn, Pila-Ngarm Patarakhuan

Polish Journal of Management Studies

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2023

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Vol. 28, No. 2

349--366

EN

This research aimed to study the correlation between the role, behaviour, characteristics, style, and efficiency of leaders in managing small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) during the global economic crisis in Thailand. Mixed methods were employed to collect qualitative and quantitative data from SME entrepreneurs with business experiences and successful business management in Bangkok for at least 10 years in the service sector that was growing in medium-term growth by using the interview form and questionnaire survey. Many factors can contribute to a successful or existing business, and an appropriate approach will be used in operation. The approach and leadership roles discovered in this study should emphasise building personnel confidence, having a clear vision, being a good planner, being decisive, being a problem solver to reduce business effects, creating various channels to access targets, and updating information systems to improve business strategies.

PL

Celem tego badania było zbadanie korelacji między rolą, zachowaniem, cechami, stylem i skutecznością liderów w zarządzaniu małymi i średnimi przedsiębiorstwami (MŚP) podczas globalnego kryzysu gospodarczego w Tajlandii. W celu zebrania danych jakościowych i ilościowych zwrócono się do przedsiębiorców zlokalizowanych w Bangkoku z sektora MŚP z 10 letnim doświadczeniem w sektorze usług, posiadającym doświadczenie biznesowe i skuteczne zarządzanie biznesem, dla posyskania danych zastosowano metody mieszane (formularz wywiadu i ankiety). Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badan stwierdzono, że wiele czynników może przyczynić się do sukcesu planowanego lub istniejącego biznesu, po tym gdy odpowiednie podejście zostanie zastosowane w działaniu. Podejście i role przywódcze zidentyfikowane w niniejszym badaniu powinny kłaść nacisk na budowanie zaufania personelu, posiadanie jasnej wizji, bycie dobrym planistą, bycie zdecydowanym, rozwiązywanie problemów w celu zmniejszenia efektów biznesowych, tworzenie różnych kanałów dostępu do celów oraz aktualizowanie systemów informacyjnych w celu poprawy strategii biznesowych.

3

A Strategic Roadmap to Improve the Maturity Level of Maintenance Information Management Systems

Tortora Alessia Maria Rosaria, Di Pasquale Valentina, Iannone Raffaele

Management and Production Engineering Review

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2023

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Vol. 14, No. 3

98--117

EN

Maintenance involves a large amount of data management. Although many tools, strategies, and systems, have been developed to organize the maintenance information resources, SMEs have not found the same benefits as large companies due to their inherent characteristics and, above all, the maturity level of the maintenance department. Maturity models are useful tools for assessing the maturity of maintenance information practices; however, existing models are not suitable for any type of business context, as they required companies to have a clear organizational structure and definite informative infrastructure. Moreover, they do not assist in identifying and defining actions to reach the highest level. This paper proposes a model for assessing and improving maintenance management information practices. It allows a clear measure of the maturity of the maintenance information management practices in industrial contexts and provides improvement actions identifying the information and data needed to enhance maintenance management information practices.

4

Modelling the impact of SME lending on business value added

Ivashchenko Alla, Polishchuk Yevheniia, Dubyna Maksym, Smerichevskyi Serhii, Kornyliuk Anna

Acta Innovations

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2023

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no. 48

5--21

EN

The SME lending covers a list of its needs related to its day-to-day performance, fixed assets, development. Existing methods of identifying impact on economic indicators from using loans by SMEs are limited. The aim of the research is to develop a methodology which allows reveal the impact of SME lending on business value added on macroeconomic level. The methodology is based on correlation regression analysis in order to identify the level of loan influence on business development, value added in particular, due to the lack of adequate methods for SME development forecasting. The obtained results are sufficient for medium business and be used in forecasting medium business development in Ukraine. For small business model has insufficient density of the relationship between indicators, therefore, it was proposed to use additional factors as equity; liabilities and non-economic factors exemplified as the level of shadow economy.

5

Digital transformation as a challenge for SMES in POLAND in the context of crisis relating to Covid-19 pandemic

Szwajca Danuta, Rydzewska Alina

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2022

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z. 161

289--305

EN

Purpose: This article is devoted to identifying major problems and obstacles to the digital transformation of SMEs in Poland in the context of the Covid crisis and to indicating directions and methods to improve the digitisation level in the SME sector. Design/methodology/approach: This article seeks to answer the question of what the SME digitisation level in Poland is, what the main obstacles hampering the digital transformation process are and how they can be removed. The following research methods were used: reference works review, analysis of secondary sources (reports from OECD, the World Bank, the European Commission, the Polish Agency for Enterprise Development (PARP), Statistics Poland) and deductive reasoning. Findings: The digitisation level of SMEs in Poland is relatively low and the main obstacles to accelerating the digital transformation include the financial and competence limitations which can be removed only with institutional support. Practical implications: This article mentions methods and directions of measures initiated by the government and other institutions to reduce obstacles to SME digital transformation in Poland. Originality/value: The article has informative values as it contributes to the development of knowledge on the impact of the Covid-related crisis on the speed of the digital transformation in the SME sector in Poland and in other countries worldwide.

6

Readiness of low complexity ERP for continuous auditing in SMEs: The Brazilian case study

Goncalves Rosana Carmen M. Grillo, Imoniana Joshua Onome

Control and Cybernetics

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2022

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Vol. 51, No. 3

389--419

EN

The continuous auditing technology assures integrity of accounting systems and consequently improves the decision-making process of the small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) that implement it. Considering that SMEs located in developing countries function within a more risk prone environment and do not have resources to implement all layers of customized corporate functions in information systems, one argues for their reliance on the features of low complexity of enterprise resource planning (ERP) software to benefit from continuous auditing (CA). The purpose of this study is to relate the understanding of the CA demands and low complexity ERP systems’ technical functionalities in SMEs. Thus, to fulfill this objective, a conceptual model has been drawn to integrate the key concepts related to CA. Four pillars are the core of this model, namely: segregation of duties (SoD) with role-based access control centered on process-based approach (PBA); internal checkpoints; audit trails; and the level of integration of the continuous auditing software. This model was validated through the benchmarking of the implementation of the pillars in three cases of low complexity ERP systems adopted by SMEs in a developing country. The benchmarking/results of the study show significant differences between operational mechanisms of the three ERP software. Namely, the role-based access control exists in the two of the ERP LC but not in the Brazilian one. Also, there is no check-point in the Brazilian ERP LC and it does not integrate with continuous audit features. This study distinguishes between the low complexity ERP’s functionalities and the features of a more complex environment, thus bringing an important contribution to the study of low complexity ERP’s readiness for continuous monitoring in SME’s internal auditing processes.

7

Scanning Electron Microscopy as a Tool for Castings Quality Analysis

Jezierski Jan, Dojka M., Stawarz M., Dojka R.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 22, iss. 1

53--61

EN

Nowadays, the best castings’ manufacturers have to meet very demanding requirements and specifications applicable to mechanical properties and other characteristics. To fulfill those requirements, more and more sophisticated methods are being used to analyze the internal quality of castings. In many cases, the commonly used Non-Destructive Methods, like X-ray or ultrasonic testing, are not enough to ensure precise and unequivocal evaluation. Especially, when the properties of the casting only slightly fail the specification and the reasons for such failures are very subtle, thus difficult to find without the modern techniques. The paper presents some aspects of such an approach with the use of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to analyze internal defects that can critically decrease the performance of castings. The paper presents the so-called bifilm defects in ductile and chromium cast iron, near-surface corrosion caused by sulfur, micro-shrinkage located under the risers, lustrous carbon precipitates, and other microstructure features. The method used to find them, the results of their analysis, and the possible causes of the defects are presented. The conclusions prove the SEM is now a powerful tool not only for scientists but it is more and more often present in the R&D departments of the foundries.

8

Innovation capacity, international experience, and export performance of SMEs in the field of Information technology of Vietnam

Huy Nguyen Quoc, Ngoc Tran Hau

Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems

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2022

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Vol. 34

7--13

EN

Although there are many assessments of the innovation capacity of enterprises, there is still a lack of assessment of the innovation capacity of small and medium enterprises in the information technology sector related to the 4th industrial revolution. The structure must be determined from a practical point of view using existing innovation capacity studies. Therefore, this study aims to improve understanding of the characteristics of innovation capacity in the context of small and medium enterprises in the field of information technology by reviewing the empirical literature. This article presents international experiences, assessment models, and the applicability of models to the characteristics of small and medium-sized enterprises in the field of information technology. With the main contribution, the article identifies an overview of growing research around the world on innovation capacity and lessons learned for small and medium enterprises in Vietnam. The research results will contribute to improving understanding of the special characteristics of the innovation capacity of small and medium enterprises in the field of information technology and especially in the context of the 4th industrial revolution. The described innovation capacity characterization can guide further studies by providing criteria for how innovation capacity in small businesses can be understood. Furthermore, using the findings of this assessment, managers can improve the innovation capacity of their businesses by acknowledging many aspects of innovation capacity

9

A Proposal of a Multi-Faced Approach for Building a Knowledge Management-Based Strategy in Small and Medium Companies

Hatowska-Życka Dorota, Kluczek Aldona, Bagiński Jan

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2022

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Vol. 16, no 3

245--257

EN

At the present time, with continuous market changes, customer satisfaction and meeting the needs of employees are the most important factors for building managerial systems and implementing of the strategy in many companies. The goal of this paper is to develop a multi-faced knowledge management-based strategy combining analytical and qualitative methods and processes for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) that managers can use to achieve strategic performance goals in their organizations. Various methods with the currently used modern technologies and a developed organizational culture make up the knowledge management system as a method inspired by the leadership, focused primarily on customer satisfaction and meeting the needs of employees. A multi-faced approach for building knowledge management-based strategy in small and medium companies is developed. It is based on practical experience and a research literature background incorporating implemented technologies and tools in quality environment with the usage of knowledge management. This research depicts a proposal of knowledge management-based strategy as a response to the lack of studies that address the knowledge management in building strategy in SME. Furthermore, this approach enhances the existing literature, giving insight in the collection of current business models.

10

Government early policy responses on covid-19 challenges in central and eastern europe: SME support

Kornyliuk Anna, Ivashchenko Alla, Polishchuk Yevheniia, Tereshchenko Oleg, Onikiienko Serhii

Acta Innovations

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2022

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no. 42

50--58

EN

The main aim of the given research is to analyse Government policy early response due to the Covid-19 crisis in Central and Eastern Europe regarding SME support. The research methodology is based on an analysis of the pandemic impact on key indicators of countries development as well as an analysis of SME support policies responses by selected countries (Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovenia and Ukraine). The dynamic trends of Covid-19 spread and its impact on macroeconomic indicators were analysed. The negative growth of GDP, as well as current account balance and increasing gross debt burden, were explored in all analysed countries and the policy responses were the required measures to avoid possible economic collapse. Implemented measures were mainly directed to achieve economic recovery and capturing stability, but the main focus of the research is to analyse the support policies according to the criterion of enterprise size, SME in particular. The study is based on country-level data as well as on individual State Aid cases of each analysed CEE country. It allowed to evaluate policy response mechanisms in terms of measures regarding enterprise size. Although SMEs suffered the most during the crisis, CEE countries spent most of their resources on supporting companies, regardless of their size.

11

Performance management system for primary healthcare services providers

Korneta Piotr

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2021

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z. 153

239--257

EN

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify critical areas of primary healthcare services providers and to develop a performance management framework for these organizations. Design/methodology/approach: Firstly, 12 semi-structured interviews with decision makers experienced with management of primary healthcare services providers are being conducted. Next, based on obtained results, holistic conclusions and the performance management system for primary healthcare services providers are being provided. Findings: Performance management of primary healthcare services providers is highly reliant on significant stakeholders, namely: patients, medical doctors, nurses and midwifes, stockholders and National Healthcare Fund. Failure to include any of stated stakeholders would result in considerable underperformance. The proposed framework postulates to focus on the performance management of the following 3 areas: (1) operations management, (2) risk and compliance and (3) development so that stated stakeholders are satisfied and provide, in exchange, their contribution to the organization. Research limitations/implications: The scope of this paper has been limited only to small and medium sized clinics located in Poland. Practical implications: Proposed in this study performance management framework, due to its simplicity, should be a useful tool for practitioners to adapt and apply in their organizations. Originality/value: The first performance management framework for primary healthcare services providers in Poland is being proposed. Since, the proposed framework acknowledges wider society, the developed concept should provide sustainable solutions for organizations willing to implement it.

12

Internationalization of Polish enterprises. A comparative analysis of family and non-family businesses

Steinerowska-Streb Izabella

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2021

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z. 150

255--266

EN

Purpose: The study aimed to determine whether family businesses in Poland are as involved in international activity as non-family businesses. Moreover, the intention was to identify differences in the forms of foreign expansion employed by family and non-family firms. Design/methodology/approach: The objectives were pursued based on primary research conducted in 188 family firms and 223 non-family firms operating on the Polish market. Findings: The analysis of the results indicates that family firms conduct business activity outside the domestic market significantly less frequently than non-family firms. The most common form of internationalization chosen by Polish family firms is export and import. Generally, these firms are not interested in joint ventures with foreign partners. Compared to non-family firms, Polish family firms establish divisions abroad significantly less frequently. However, they engage in non-equity cooperation more often than non-family firms. Practical implications: Knowledge about the involvement of family and non-family firms in international activity and their preferred forms of internationalization can be used by business environment institutions. Originality/value: The study results enrich the knowledge on the activity of Polish family firms on foreign markets as compared to similar activity of non-family businesses.

13

Wsparcie rozwoju innowacji w MŚP w Polsce - projekt MB LABS

Piasecki Michał

Przegląd Budowlany

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2021

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R. 92, nr 11-12

56--60

PL

ITB jest członkiem konsorcjum prezentowanego w artykule projektu badawczego pt. Europejskie stanowiska badawcze umożliwiające małym i średnim przedsiębiorstwom sektora budownictwa opracowanie innowacyjnych wyrobów do budowy fasad budynków z wykorzystaniem zharmonizowanych i zmodernizowanych ram technicznych oraz żywych laboratoriów (2021-2026) finansowanego przez Komisję Europejską w programie badawczym Horizon 2020. Projekt ma zapewnić w przyszłości małym i średnim przedsiębiorstwom (MŚP) system wsparcia oraz dostęp do ekosystemu innowacji, w tym technicznych platform badawczych, działając jako akcelerator innowacji, który pozwoli MŚP konkurować z dużymi przedsiębiorstwami. Artykuł opisuje uwarunkowania brzegowe realizacji projektu ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem szans i barier rozwoju innowacji w Polsce.

EN

ITB is a member of the consortium presented in the article of the research project entitled European test stands enabling small and medium-sized enterprises in the construction sector to develop innovative products for the construction of building facades using harmonized and modernized technical frameworks and living laboratories (2021-2026) financed by the European Commission in the Horizon 2020 research program. Enterprises (SMEs) a support system and access to the innovation ecosystem, including technical research platforms, acting as an innovation accelerator that will allow SMEs to compete with large enterprises. The article describes the boundary conditions of the project implementation with particular emphasis on the opportunities and barriers to the development of innovation in Poland.

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Perspektywa ograniczonych możliwości rozwojowych w warunkach wpływu COVID-19 na jakość relacji B2B

Danielak Wiesław Józef, Sobotkiewicz Dariusz

Problemy Jakości

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2021

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R. 53, nr 5

9--14

PL

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie ograniczonych możliwości rozwojowych w warunkach wpływu COVID-19 na jakość relacji B2B. Opracowanie ma charakter teoretyczno-empiryczny. W części teoretycznej uwagę skupiono na problematyce współpracy w łańcuchu dostaw z dostawcami i odbiorcami (firmami) w warunkach zagrożenia epidemiologicznego. W części empirycznej zamieszczono wyniki badań własnych dotyczące jakości relacji business-to-business (B2B) na przykładzie małego przedsiębiorstwa – producenta papieru.

EN

The aim of the article is to show the limited development opportunities in the conditions of the impact of COVID-19 on the quality of business-to-business (B2B) relations. The article is theoretical and empirical. The theoretical part of the paper concentrates on the issues of cooperation with suppliers and recipients (companies) in the supply chain in conditions of the epidemiological threat. The empirical part includes the results of the authors’ own research on the quality of B2B relations on the example of a small paper manufacturing company.

15

The relationship between innovation competence and performance as an effect on the sustainability of SMEs

Kim Seok-Soo

Polish Journal of Management Studies

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2021

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Vol. 23, No. 2

196--212

EN

Overcoming the failures of SMEs worldwide in the aftermath of COVID-19 in 2020 is an essential issue for countries and SMEs. A research question was raised that there will be variables that affect the sustainable growth of SMEs. This study aims to find out the relationship between performance and necessary competencies according to industry classification for sustainable growth of SMEs. 205 CEOs of SMEs in Korea were surveyed and verified using Smart PLS. The findings are, first, the difference in the performance of SMEs by industry through the mediating effect of technological capabilities. Second, variables that influence the performance of SMEs were management and technology, technology marketing and technical competence in technology innovation. Third, variables affecting the industry's performance were different, with the most significant increase in the IT/SW industry.

PL

Przezwyciężenie niepowodzeń MŚP na całym świecie w następstwie COVID-19 w 2020 r. jest zasadniczą kwestią dla krajów i MŚP. Postawiono pytanie badawcze, czy będą zmienne, które wpływają na zrównoważony rozwój MŚP. Niniejsze badanie ma na celu ustalenie związku między wynikami a niezbędnymi kompetencjami zgodnie z klasyfikacją branżową dla zrównoważonego rozwoju MŚP. 205 dyrektorów generalnych MŚP w Korei zostało przebadanych i zweryfikowanych za pomocą Smart PLS. Ustalenia dotyczą, po pierwsze, różnicy w wynikach MŚP w poszczególnych gałęziach przemysłu poprzez pośredniczący wpływ możliwości technologicznych. Po drugie, zmienne, które wpływają na wyniki MŚP to zarządzanie i technologia, marketing technologiczny oraz kompetencje techniczne w zakresie innowacji technologicznych. Po trzecie, zmienne wpływające na wyniki branży były różne, z najbardziej znaczącym wzrostem w branży IT/SW.

16

Nature and potential barriers of facility management in manufacturing enterprises

Potkány Marek, Kamodyová Paula, Stasiak-Betlejewska Renata, Lesníková Petra

Polish Journal of Management Studies

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2021

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Vol. 23, No. 1

327--340

EN

Facility management as a coordination tool for the management of support business processes has the potential to improve the quality of processes, generate cost savings and create space and time to manage the core business activities. The main aim of the paper is to presents the awareness level of the use of facility management, as well as the forms of its management and the primary implementation barriers in Slovak business environment. The questionnaire survey method in environment of manufacturing SMEs was used. For assessing the representativeness of the sample and evaluating working hypotheses were used the selected statistical methods. The research results confirm the low level of awareness about managerial approach coordinating the management of all supporting business processes. As regards the preferred form of management it is concerned of outsourcing and insourcing principles combination and the key barriers include ignorance of facility management nature and its effects.

PL

Zarządzanie obiektami jako narzędzie koordynacyjne do zarządzania wspierającymi procesami biznesowymi ma potencjał do poprawy jakości procesów, generowania oszczędności oraz tworzenia miejsca i czasu na zarządzanie podstawową działalnością biznesową. Głównym celem artykułu jest przedstawienie poziomu świadomości wykorzystania zarządzania obiektami oraz form jego zarządzania i podstawowych barier wdrożeniowych w słowackim środowisku biznesowym. Zastosowano metodę ankietową w środowisku MŚP produkcyjnych. Do oceny reprezentatywności próby i oceny hipotez roboczych zastosowano wybrane metody statystyczne. Wyniki badań potwierdzają niski poziom świadomości na temat podejścia menedżerskiego koordynującego zarządzanie wszystkimi wspierającymi procesami biznesowymi. Jeśli chodzi o preferowaną formę zarządzania, to chodzi o połączenie zasad outsourcingu i insourcingu, a do głównych barier należy nieznajomość charakteru zarządzania obiektem i jego skutków.

17

Modelling the internal forces of SMEs digital adaptation strategy towards industry revolution 4.0

Rusly Fariza Hanim, Talib Yurita Yakimin Abdul, Hussin Muhammad Rosni Amir, Mutalib Hafizah Abd

Polish Journal of Management Studies

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2021

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Vol. 24, No. 1

306--321

EN

This paper explores internal forces that formed the digital adaptation strategy for SMEs embarking on the digital transformation of Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR4.0). A qualitative case study design was adopted involving Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) from the manufacturing and service sectors in Malaysia. Data was gathered through semi-structured interviews and supported by the resources from the firms’ website. Adopting the Planned Process Change Model and Technology Adaptation Process Model as new theoretical lenses in the digital adaptation study, findings from the multiple case studies using thematic analysis revealed four dimensions of internal forces driving SMEs’ digital adaptation: business strategy, value creation, digital leadership and digital talent. Findings contribute to the theoretical development of the digital adaptation strategy from a change management perspective.

PL

Niniejszy artykuł bada siły wewnętrzne, które ukształtowały strategię adaptacji cyfrowej dla MŚP rozpoczynających cyfrową transformację rewolucji przemysłowej 4.0 (IR4.0). Przyjęto jakościowy projekt studium przypadku z udziałem MŚP z sektora produkcyjnego i usługowego w Malezji. Dane zostały zebrane za pomocą częściowo ustrukturyzowanych wywiadów i poparte zasobami ze strony internetowej firm. Przyjmując Model Planowanej Zmiany Procesu i Model Procesu Adaptacji Technologii jako nowe soczewki teoretyczne w badaniu adaptacji cyfrowej, wnioski z wielu studiów przypadku z wykorzystaniem analizy tematycznej ujawniły cztery wymiary sił wewnętrznych napędzających adaptację cyfrową MŚP: strategia biznesowa, tworzenie wartości, przywództwo cyfrowe i talent cyfrowy. Ustalenia przyczyniają się do teoretycznego opracowania strategii adaptacji cyfrowej z perspektywy zarządzania zmianą.

18

How to motivate SME employees to higher work effort

Kmecová Iveta

Polish Journal of Management Studies

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2021

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Vol. 24, No. 2

194--209

EN

The paper focuses on the identification of applied non-financial motivation tools and the motivation of SME employees in terms of their work effort and productivity. The research sample consisted of 223 respondents from small and medium-sized enterprises in the Czech Republic. The results of the research showed that non-financial motivation tools are required by SME employees with higher intensity than in previous year; however, the management of the enterprises are not well-aware of this fact. Our results indicate that if small and medium-sized enterprises realized the importance of non-financial motivational factors and provided their employees with them, the employees would appreciate a greater variety of forms of remuneration, which would be positively reflected in their productivity and thus the overall performance of a specific enterprise.

PL

W artykule skupiono się na identyfikacji stosowanych pozafinansowych narzędzi motywacyjnych oraz motywacji pracowników MŚP w zakresie ich nakładu pracy i produktywności. Próba badawcza składała się z 223 respondentów z małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw w Czechach. Wyniki badania wykazały, że pozafinansowe narzędzia motywacyjne są wymagane przez pracowników MŚP z większą intensywnością niż w roku poprzednim; jednak kierownictwo przedsiębiorstw nie zdaje sobie z tego sprawy. Nasze wyniki wskazują, że gdyby małe i średnie przedsiębiorstwa uświadomiły sobie znaczenie pozafinansowych czynników motywacyjnych i zapewniły je swoim pracownikom, doceniliby oni większą różnorodność form wynagradzania, co miałoby pozytywny wpływ na ich produktywność, a tym samym ogólna wydajność konkretnego przedsiębiorstwa.

19

Boosting sustainability performance through supply chain quality management in the mining industry

Basuki, Rajiani Ismi, Widyanti Rahmi

Polish Journal of Management Studies

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2021

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Vol. 24, No. 2

41--54

EN

Though much consideration has been dedicated to Supply Chain Management (SCM) conceptions recently, its connection with the quality management philosophy is rare and loose, mainly in developing countries operating under Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI). While the significance of quality management is globally acknowledged, academia needs a more comprehensive approach in assessing quality management perspectives in internal and external supply chain contexts. Consequently, the effect of Supply Chain Quality Management (SCQM) practice on the sustainability performance of Indonesian mining industries after joining the EITI was examined. For this purpose, the data was collected from the employees of mining companies working in Indonesia, and the Structural Equation Modelling was employed to examine the relationship among constructs. A positive and significant relationship between internal quality management and sustainability performance was found. In addition, upstream quality management and downstream quality management are positively and significantly associated with sustainability performance. Thus, these findings indicate that Indonesia's mining companies have started applying SCQM to achieve their economic, environmental and social achievement. Practitioners can utilise the proposed model grounded on the relationships between supply chain management practices and the three sustainable development arenas to underline SCQM best practices positively affecting sustainable performance.

PL

Chociaż ostatnio wiele uwagi poświęcono koncepcjom zarządzania łańcuchem dostaw (SCM), jego związek z filozofią zarządzania jakością jest rzadki i luźny, głównie w krajach rozwijających się, działających w ramach Inicjatywy Przejrzystości Przemysłu Wydobywczego (EITI). Chociaż znaczenie zarządzania jakością jest doceniane na całym świecie, środowisko akademickie potrzebuje bardziej kompleksowego podejścia do oceny perspektyw zarządzania jakością w kontekście wewnętrznego i zewnętrznego łańcucha dostaw. W konsekwencji zbadano wpływ praktyki zarządzania jakością łańcucha dostaw (SCQM) na wyniki w zakresie zrównoważonego rozwoju indonezyjskiego przemysłu wydobywczego po wstąpieniu do EITI. W tym celu zebrano dane od pracowników firm wydobywczych pracujących w Indonezji, a do zbadania relacji między konstruktami wykorzystano modelowanie równań strukturalnych. Stwierdzono pozytywny i znaczący związek między wewnętrznym zarządzaniem jakością a wynikami zrównoważonego rozwoju. Ponadto zarządzanie jakością na początku i na końcu są pozytywnie i znacząco powiązane z wynikami zrównoważonego rozwoju. Zatem odkrycia te wskazują, że indonezyjskie przedsiębiorstwa wydobywcze zaczęły stosować SCQM, aby osiągnąć swoje osiągnięcia gospodarcze, środowiskowe i społeczne. Praktycy mogą wykorzystać proponowany model oparty na związkach między praktykami zarządzania łańcuchem dostaw a trzema obszarami zrównoważonego rozwoju, aby podkreślić najlepsze praktyki SCQM pozytywnie wpływające na zrównoważoną wydajność.

20

Outsourcing effects and company size – a comparative analysis between the manufacturing and the services sector in Poland

Maziarczyk Anna

Organizacja i Zarządzanie : kwartalnik naukowy

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2021

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nr 1

57--66

EN

Introduction/background: The popularity of outsourcing as a management tool among Polish enterprises is increasing. Growing competition forces companies to look for new solutions for company management. Outsourcing is defined as a management tool to reduce costs in an enterprise. Aim of the paper: The aim of the study was to check whether there is a relationship between outsourcing and the size of the company. In the study, I list large companies and SMEs. Compares the relationships between the manufacturing and services sectors. Materials and methods: In this category, data from 250 companies from the Notoria database were used. In the first part of article, it compares the value of outsourcing across sectors using the Student T-test. In the next part of article, I examine the relationship between outsourcing and the size of companies. I compare the results between the vectors. Pearson's correlation test was used. It then compares the use of outsourcing between small and large companies. The student's T-test for independent programs was used. Results and conclusions: The results say there are differences in the use of outsourcing between the manufacturing and service sectors. I noticed that industrial companies use much more solutions provided by external suppliers. Moreover, I can see that outsourcing has a greater impact in manufacturing than in the service industry. As the company grows, the use of outsourcing increases. It also shows that large companies use outsourcing to a greater extent than smaller companies.