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EN
Often, operators of machines, including unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) or working machines, are forced to work in unfavorable conditions, such as high tem‐ peratures, continuously for a long period of time. This has a huge impact on their concentration, which usu‐ ally determines the success of many tasks entrusted to them. Electroencephalography (EEG) allows the study of the electrical activity of the brain. It allows the determination, for example, of whether the operator is able to focus on the realization of his tasks. The main goal of this article was to develop an algorithm for determining the state of brain activity by analyzing the EEG signal. For this purpose, methods of EEG sig‐ nal acquisition and processing were described, including EEG equipment and types and location of electrodes. Particular attention was paid to EEG signal acquisition, EEG signal artifacts, and disturbances, and elements of the adult’s correct EEG recording were described in detail. In order to develop the algorithm mentioned, basic types of brain waves were discussed, and exem‐ plary states of brain activity were recorded. The influ‐ ence of technical aspects on the recording of EEG sig‐ nals was also emphasized. Additionally, a block diagram was created which is the basis for the operation of the said algorithm. The LabVIEW environment was used to implement the created algorithm. The results of the research showing the operation of the developed EEG signal analyzer were also presented. Based on the results of the study, the EEG analyzer was able to accurately determine the condition of the examined person and could be used to study the concentration of machine operators.
2
Content available Robotic Mobile Holder (For CAR Dashboards)
EN
In the current smart tech world, there is an immense need of automating tasks and processes to avoid human intervention, save time and energy. Nowadays, mobile phones have become one of the essential things for human beings either to call someone, connect to the internet, while driving people need mobile phones to receive or make a call, use google maps to know the routes and many more. Normally in cars, mobile holders are placed on the dashboard to hold the mobile and the orientation of the phone needs to be changed according to the driver's convenience manually, but the driver may distract from driving while trying to access mobile phone which may lead to accidents. To solve this problem, an auto adjustable mobile holder is designed in such a way that it rotates according to the movement of the driver and also it can even alert the driver when he feels drowsiness. Image Processing is used to detect the movement of the driver which is then processed using LabVIEW software and NI myRIO hardware. NI Vision development module is used to perform face recognition and servo motors are used to rotate the holder in the required position. Simulation results show that the proposed system has achieved maximum accuracy in detecting faces, drowsiness and finding the position coordinates.
EN
Gearboxes are one of the most important and widely exposed to different types of faults in machines. Therefore, manufacturers and researchers have made significant efforts to develop different fault detection and diagnostic approaches for gearboxes. However, many research foundations, such as universities, are currently working on developing different gearbox test rigs to understand the failure mechanisms in gearboxes. As a result, in this article, a gearbox testing rig was proposed and fabricated to evaluate gear performance under lowspeed working conditions. It describes the primary mechanical apparatus and the measurement tools used during the experimental analysis of a multistage gearbox transmission system. The data-gathering equipment used to acquire the observed vibration data is also discussed. LabVIEW software was used to build a data acquisition platform using an accelerometer and a NI DAQ device. Then different vibration tests were conducted under different operating conditions, when the gearbox was healthy and then faulty, on this test rig, and the gathered vibration data were analyzed based on time domain signal analysis. The preliminary results are promising and open the horizon for simulating different gearbox test scenarios.
EN
The article discusses issues related to virtual measurement systems and presents the results of comparative measurements of resistance and electric voltage measured with various measuring devices, including virtual NI Elvis systems. The accuracy and measurement errors were compared, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the devices and methods used for the measurements. Moreover, a computer simulation of the measurements in the Multisim software was performed, and its results were compared with the actual indications of the meters.
EN
High values of salt rock mass convergence might cause serious problems with maintenance of shaft lining located in salt rock sections. The most efficient existing method of negative convergence influence prevention is periodic removal of creeping salt from shaft walls. However, the process of salt removal is problematic in terms of shaft and hoisting system typical operation. A new shaft lining idea allows removal of creeping salt by leaching without the need for stopping the shaft operation. Following paper presents a software, developed in LabVIEW environment and applied in the framework of test facility, designed for purpose of verification of theoretical assumptions of new construction of shaft lining. Developed software consists of applications for data acquisition, based on Event-Driven Queued State Machine pattern, and data processing, designed as Producer-Consumer pattern.
EN
The article presents the main functionalities and principles for operating a software for multi-robotic mission coordination developed for competitions ERL Emergency Robots 2017, as well as its adaptation during University Rover Challenge. We have started with an overview of similar software used in commercial applications or developed by other research groups. Then, our solution is thoroughly described, with its user interface made in LabVIEW and the communication layer based on ROS software. Two cases of robotic competitions proved our software to be useful both for planning and for managing the mission. The system supports the operator in teleoperation and during partial autonomy of the robots. It offers reporting on the robots’ positions, Points of Interest (POI), tasks status. Reports are generated in KML/KMZ formats, and allow us to replay the mission, and analyze it.
7
Content available Low-Cost Data Acquisition Unit for Flight Tests
EN
The purpose of this paper is to present the design of a data recorder for flight tests of a full-scale aircraft and an UAV. The recorder is built based on the Arduino microprocessor platform and LabVIEW development environment. The data recorder will be used mainly for helicopter flight tests.
8
Content available remote Wykorzystanie sprzętu NI w laboratorium cyfrowego przetwarzania sygnałów
PL
W artykule przedstawiono zarys programu ćwiczeń laboratoryjnych, realizowanych z wykorzystaniem zestawu dydaktycznego ELVIS II (National Instruments) oraz nakładki DATEx (firmy Emona), w ramach przedmiotu Podstawy teorii sygnałów. Obserwacja wybranych zjawisk i pomiar większości badanych przez studentów parametrów odbywa się na ekranie komputera za pomocą wirtualnych przyrządów pomiarowych, w środowisku LabVIEW. Dzięki tym przyrządom wiele złożonych obliczeniowo pomiarów, np. analiza widmowa czy wyznaczanie charakterystyk częstotliwościowych, przeprowadza się automatycznie i bardzo szybko, co jest szczególnie istotne podczas zajęć laboratoryjnych.
EN
In this article the curriculum of signal theory lab tasks, with the use of National Instruments ELVIS II and Emona DATEx board, has been outlined. The selected phenomena as well as the measurements of most parameters can be followed on the computer screen via virtual instruments in LabVIEW. Hence, a lot of complex measurements such as spectral analysis or determining frequency response are automatic and really fast, which is particularly important during lab classes.
PL
Celem pracy jest przedstawienie funkcjonalności i zasady działania oprogramowania do zarządzania misją robotów podczas zawodów ERL Emergency Robots 2017. Zastosowanie LabVIEW i Robot Operating System (ROS) umożliwiło wymianę komunikatów pomiędzy odległymi stacjami operatorskimi i koordynację pracy trzech różnego typu robotów realizujących wspólną misję. System umożliwia rejestrowanie czasu, położenia robotów, statusu zdarzeń oraz wizualizację pracy robotów, a także wygenerowanie plików kml/kmz będących logami misji, które pozwalają na późniejszą analizę i weryfikację pracy zespołu robotów.
EN
The objective of the paper is introduce functionality and principle of operation of software for managing the robot mission during ERL Emergency Robots 2017 competition. The use of Lab VIEW and Robot Operating System (ROS) enabled the exchange of messages between distant operator stations and the coordination of the work of three different types of robots performing a joint mission. The software allows recording time, robot location, status of events and robot tracking, as well as generating log files that can be converted to kml/kmz format.
EN
In this work it was based on the LabVIEW 2015 trial version by National Instruments for a virtual application of acidity and temperature measurements that are currently being used extensively in chemical laboratories and, where a graphical programming language called G was preferred which uses symbolic objects instead of codes. This graphical page is a Block Digam and the applications are based on data flow principle. pH as a measurement of acidity in chemical measurements is a measure of dissolved H⁺ concentration and, it is directly related to the potential value to be boundary values for dissosiation of water to O₂. From these two basic concepts, it can be added the temperature effect to the potential-pH diagrams plotted with the potential values calculated for the pH values. Here firstly controls and indicators related with the measured potential for the pH, established mathematical correlations between them, and calculated pH values were placed in the front panel of LabVIEW, then all therminals for the controls and indicators were designed on the Block Diagram using the necessary Functions elements. The visual pHmeter designed in a virtual laboratory for this study could both give virtual acidity values calculated by virtual or real data on-line and show a user-friendly structure in terms of visuality and design.
PL
W tej pracy wykorzystano wersję próbną LabVIEW 2015 firmy National Instruments do wirtualnego zastosowania pomiarów kwasowości i temperatury, które są obecnie szeroko stosowane w laboratoriach chemicznych i gdzie preferowano graficzny język programowania G, który używa obiektów symbolicznych zamiast kody. Ta strona graficzna to Block Digam, a aplikacje są oparte na zasadzie przepływu danych. pH jako miara kwasowości w pomiarach chemicznych jest miarą rozpuszczonego stężenia H⁺ i jest bezpośrednio związane z wartością graniczną dla wartości granicznych dla rozpuszczenia wody w O₂. Z tych dwóch podstawowych pojęć można dodać efekt temperatury do wykresów potencjału-pH naniesionych z potencjalnymi wartościami obliczonymi dla wartości pH. Najpierw na przednim panelu LabVIEW umieszczono kontrole i wskaźniki związane z mierzonym potencjałem pH, ustalonymi korelacjami matematycznymi oraz obliczonymi wartościami pH, a następnie wszystkie terminy dla kontrolek i wskaźników zostały zaprojektowane na Diagramie bloku przy użyciu niezbędnych Funkcje elementów. Wizualny miernik pH zaprojektowany w wirtualnym laboratorium do tego badania może zarówno dać wirtualne wartości kwasowości obliczone przez wirtualne lub rzeczywiste dane on-line i pokazać przyjazną dla użytkownika strukturę pod względem wizualności i projektu.
EN
A bionic hand with fine motor ability could be a favorable option for replacing the human hand when performing various operations. Myoelectric control has been widely used to recognize hand movements in recent years. However, most of the previous studies have focused on whole-hand movements, with only a few investigating subtler motions. The aim of this study was to construct a prototype system for recognizing hand postures with the aim of controlling a bionic hand by analyzing sEMG signals measured at the flexor digitorum superficialis and extensor digitorum muscles. We adopted multiple features commonly used in previous studies—mean absolute value, zero crossing, slope sign change, and waveform length—in the algorithm for extracting hand-posture features, and the k-nearest-neighbors (KNN) algorithm as the classifier to perform hand-posture recognition. The bionic hand was controlled by an Arduino microprocessor, which converted the signals received from the classification process that were fed to the servo motors controlling the bionic fingers. We constructed a two-channel sEMG pattern-recognition system that can identify human hand postures and control a homemade bionic hand to perform corresponding hand postures. The KNN approach was able to recognize four different hand postures with a classification accuracy of 94% in the online experiment by using the channel combination. Moreover, the experimental tests show that the bionic hand could faithfully imitate the hand postures of the human hand. This study has bridged the gap between the features of sEMG signals of fingers and the postures of a bionic hand.
EN
HTS 2G superconducting tapes without stabilizer are used for the construction of superconducting fault current limiters. The characteristics R =f(T) of the su-perconducting tape is essential for design of superconducting current limiters and analysis of their numerical models. The article presents the experimentally determined characteristics R=f(T) of the second ge-neration superconducting tapes SF4050 and SF12050 using the LabVIEW integrated environment. The article describes the method of sample preparation and methodology of testing of HTS 2G superconducting tapes. The LabVIEW integrated environment was used for the testing, thanks to which it was possible to download, process and save measurement data.
PL
Artykuł prezentuje system automatycznego sterowania przepływem wody w obiegu zamkniętym. Omówiono aplikację sterującą przepływem wody na stanowisku. Zaprezentowano wieloczujnikowy system pomiarów. Na omawianym stanowisku przeprowadzane są badania metod statystycznych w pomiarach dwufazowych.
EN
The system of automatic control of the water flow in a closed circuit has been presented in this paper. The laboratory stand allows to control the inverter on the position of research flows. Measurements were concerned a liquid in two-phase (water and air). The application to control the water flow was also discussed. The multi-sensors measurement system was presented. The laboratory stands have been realized for the results verification made obtained from mathematical models, computer simulations and signals acquisition using the stochastic methods. The statistical methods in the measurement of two-phase of statistical methods used in time delay estimation: direct cross-correlation and the function of conditional average value of delayed signal were carried out in the study for this stand.
PL
W artykule zaprezentowano aplikację, zaprojektowaną w środowisku programistycznym LabVIEW, do monitorowania stanów wejść i sterowania wyjściami analogowymi i cyfrowymi systemu kontrolno-pomiarowego z mikrokontrolerem 8-bitowym. Aplikacja monitorująca składa się z szeregu przyrządów wirtualnych, których zadaniem jest przetwarzanie i interpretacja danych binarnych oraz bajtowych. Stworzone przyrządy wirtualne pozwalają na monitorowanie przykładowych reprezentatywnych urządzeń wejściowych (przełączniki, enkoder obrotowy, potencjometr, joystick, klawiatura analogowa, żyroskop) oraz sterowanie urządzeniami analogowymi i cyfrowymi na liniach wyjściowych mikrokontrolera (diody, wyświetlacz siedmiosegmentowy, silnik krokowy).
EN
In the paper, the application designed in LabVIEW for monitoring of analog and digital inputs and for controlling analog and digital outputs of an 8-bit microcontroller system is presented. The application consists of a series of virtual instruments aimed at processing and interpreting binary and byte data. The created virtual instruments allow to monitor various representative input devices (switches, rotary encoder, potentiometer, joystick, analog keyboard, gyroscope) and control digital and analog output devices of the microcontroller system (diodes, stepper motor, seven segment display).
EN
This Paper describes the simulator development for the Total Ionizing Dose (TID) measurement of radiation monitoring instrument. The TID Detector (UDOS001-micro dosimeter) is a compact hybrid microcircuit which directly measures Total Ionizing Dose absorbed by an internal silicon test mass. The developed detector simulator, simulates the equivalent Total Ionized Dose absorbed from the space radiation and Ground checkout simulator receive the data from Radiation monitoring Instrument through UART and process it for the functional verification of the Radiation monitoring Instrument, which is discussed in the paper.
EN
With the advancement in technology in the automotive industry and with the continuous development of electronics there is a problem related to the diagnostics of components and electronic circuits used in today's automotive technology. One example of this type of system is the new generation air flow meters that are responsible for the composition of the air/fuel mixture. The purpose of the flow meter is to accurately measure the mass of the air stream drawn by the engine, depending on the load on the motor and the rotational speed and to convert that value into an electrical signal that is transmitted to the control unit [5, 16]. An on-board computer based on the flow meter characteristics stored in the controller memory and current measurements from an air flow meter, shaft position sensor and temperature sensor determines the fuel dose that is responsible for the proper operation of the drive unit. In order to optimise as well as quickly and accurately diagnose the whole system or an element, specialised structures and information systems are used. Examples of such systems are various diagnostic testers and interfaces that, by working with appropriate software, can exclude or identify a defective component. We can also use the LabVIEW environment for the diagnostics of vehicle electronics. With this program we can perform system simulations and compare and analyse the obtained characteristics and results of measurements. Thanks to this solution and the cooperation of devices with a computer we can examine a number of systems without having to dismantle them.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono wybrane aplikacje opracowane w środowisku LabVIEW. Dotyczą one podstaw metrologii m.in. opracowania pojedynczego wyniku oraz serii wyników pomiaru. Przedstawiono przyrządy wirtualne, które symulują podstawowe układy stosowane w metrologii. Ich zastosowanie wzbogaca i uatrakcyjnia proces nauczania.
EN
In this article the various applications elaborated in LABVIEW environment were presented. These applications show the selected measurement problems occurring in teaching of metrology principles in the Department of Metrology and Diagnostic Systems at Rzeszow University of Technology. Two of the mentioned applications are dedicated for simulation of DC voltage measurement. Measurements can be done by analogue or digital virtual voltage meters. The expression of uncertainty is the most important task in metrology as well for single value of measurement as for a series of values. The next application makes possible to assess uncertainty of series of measurement results using the Gaussian distribution or the Student's t-distribution. The another application shows problems accompanied with balanced and unbalanced bridges. The resistive sensor Pt100 sensing the temperature of environments was use as element of unbalanced bridge. The last two applications were developed to explain the ideas of analogue to digital conversion. In this article two virtual ADC converters using successive approximate and dual slope were presented.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono projekt i wykonanie modułu rejestrującego warunki środowiskowe w pomieszczeniu laboratoryjnym. Układ został zaprojektowany do współpracy ze stanowiskiem pomiarowym wyznaczającym charakterystyki elektromechaniczne elektrycznie aktywowanych aktuatorów SMA. Współpracuje ze stanowiskiem laboratoryjnym komunikując się w strukturze pytanie – odpowiedź. Urządzenie rozszerza zakres prowadzonych badań umożliwiając automatyczną rejestrację temperatury, wilgotności oraz ciśnienia atmosferycznego w trakcie pomiarów. Zmiana temperatury otoczenia w trakcie długotrwałych pomiarów wprowadza dodatkowe błędy pomiarowe, które do tej pory nie mogły być uwzględnione, pozostałe parametry ciśnienie i wilgotność mogą mieć wpływ na warunki oddawania ciepła od aktuatora do otoczenia. Komunikacja z zastosowaniem standardu USB i wirtualnego portu COM zapewnia uniwersalność urządzenia. Praca została zrealizowana jako projekt inżynierski.
EN
The article presents ambient environment acquisition module. The module acquires temperature humidity and pressure in the laboratory room. The task was done as a BsC Thesis. The module must be universal module, which develop abilities of measurement system. The module was designed as a addiction for Shape Memory Alloy Actuators measurement systems. The SMA actuators are driven by current, so ambient temperature is a starting point for increasing SMA internal temperature causes by flowing current. The module exchanges data with measurement system in question-answer structure. Virtual COM port emulated on USB enables to use the module in wide range of measurement systems.
PL
W pracy przedstawiono stanowisko do modelowania algorytmów sterowania pompowni wodociągowej. Sterowanie stanowiska zrealizowano za pomocą LabVIEW. Przedstawiono cel budowy, oraz uzasadniono wybór platformy sprzętowej. Przedstawiono miejsce języka graficznego użytego do budowy algorytmu w piramidzie abstrakcji języków programowania systemów pomiarowych. Opisano schemat blokowy stanowiska oraz przebieg pomiarów. Zaproponowano projekt panelu frontowego przyrządu wirtualnego i opisano wszystkie wymagane funkcjonalności znajdujące się na ekranie. W odrębnym rozdziale opisano przebieg sterowania. Wymieniono główne elementy diagramu sterującego omówiono ich działanie a także przebieg sygnałów. W podsumowaniu odniesiono się do zalet i wad programowania graficznego systemów pomiarowych. Przedstawiono także możliwe zastosowania opracowanego stanowiska.
EN
The paper presents appliance to examine the control alghoritms used in pompsroom. Control is implemented using LabVIEW. A goal of building is presented and justified the choice of hardware platform. Presented place the graphic language in the programming languages pyramid abstraction, used to build algorithm measurement systems. Block diagram describes the position and course of measurements. Front panel design is proposed and described all the required functionality provided on the screen. In a separate section describes the control flow. The major elements of the diagram describes the operation of the control and signal routing. In conclusion, reference is made to the advantages and disadvantages of graphical programming measuring systems. Also shows the possible applications developed appliance.
20
Content available remote Interaktywny manipulator typu platforma Stewarta sterowany w środowisku LabVIEW
PL
W artykule przedstawiono konstrukcję sprzętu oraz realizację oprogramowania sterującego platformą Stewarta – manipulatora o sześciu stopniach swobody. Platformę wykonano w technice druku 3D, w roli siłowników użyto serwomechanizmów modelarskich, dodatkowo wprowadzono kanał zwrotny (interaktywny) w postaci panelu dotykowego. Do wyznaczenia właściwego sterowania platformą wyznaczono jej model, obliczono kinematykę odwrotną i wykorzystano regulator typu PID. Sterowanie zostało zrealizowane w środowisku LabVIEW firmy National Instruments. Sterowanie serwomechanizmami oraz odczyty panelu dotykowego zrealizowano poprzez moduły rodziny CompactDAQ. Wyniki przeprowadzonych pomiarów pokazały poprawne zachowanie się manipulatora, a dodatkowy panel dotykowy pozwolił na interakcję z urządzeniem.
EN
The paper presents the design and implementation of hardware and control software of platform Stewart - manipulator with six degrees of freedom. The base of platform was made as 3D print, RC servomechanisms were uses as actuators. Additional touch panel offers a return (interactive) channel. To determine the appropriate control of the platform a proper model was performed, the inverse kinematics was calculated and the PID regulator was used. The control was implemented in National Instruments LabVIEW environment. To drive the servomechanisms and to read the touch panel two I/O modules in CompactDAQ was used. The results of the measurements showed the correct behavior of the manipulator, while the additional touch panel allows to interact with the device.
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