Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Analysis of creation and combustion process of hydrogen-air mixtures by optical method in isochoric chamber

Brzeżański M., Papuga T., Rodak Ł.

Combustion Engines

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2017

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R. 56, nr 3

121--125

EN

The article considers the analysis of combustion process of hydrogen-air mixture of variable composition. Direct injection of hydrogen into the isochoric combustion chamber was applied and the mixture formation took place during the combustion process. The influence of the dose distribution of the fuel supplied before and after ignition on the formation of the flame front and the course of the pressure in the isochoric combustion chamber was discussed. The filming process and registration of pressure in the isochoric chamber during research of combustion process was applied.

2

Lowering of exhaust emission in modern two - stroke engine

Mitianiec W., Rodak Ł.

Journal of KONES

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2012

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Vol. 19, No. 2

337-344

EN

In the article the results of experimental tests carried out on the modified SI two-stroke experimental combustion engine with direct fuel injection system and the prototype of the oxidizing catalytic converter are presented. Volumetric exhaust emissions of the most important chemical components are many times smaller than standard limits of gaseous emissions given by EU directive for the new stationary engines applied in non-road vehicles and machines Spark ignition two-stroke engine fitted with a catalytic reactor is characterized by high temperature of exhaust gases, which the energy may be used in cogeneration systems. The paper presents the test stand, volumetric concentration of the main components of exhaust gases, results of converted emissions and fuel consumption as a function of air excess coefficient at chosen rotational speeds together with the assessment of the test results. There is decreasing of CO and HC emission during increasing of air excess coefficient and a strong increase of CO2 behind the catalytic converter. Application of catalytic converter in the outflow system together with direct fuel injection of the tested two-stroke engine enables to achieve values of exhaust emission of main toxic chemical components close to automobile four stroke engines. The paper presents also the comparison of exhaust gas emission of this engine with other engines equipped with different fuelling systems. Presented work is the successor of a wide range of research work in the field of development of modern two-stroke engines carried out in the Cracow University of Technology.

3

Redukcja emisji szkodliwych składników spalin w nowoczesnym dwusuwowym silniku spalinowym

Mitianiec W., Rodak Ł., Jurkowski B.

Czasopismo Techniczne. Mechanika

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2012

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R. 109, z. 5-M

253--265

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań doświadczalnych na zmodyfikowanym dwusuwowym silniku spalinowym ZI z bezpośrednim wtryskiem paliwa oraz z prototypowym układem wylotowym zawierającym utleniający reaktor katalityczny. Otrzymane emisje najważniejszych składników spalin są wielokrotnie mniejsze od dopuszczalnych norm emisji dla nowych silników wg dyrektywy UE. Silnik dwusuwowy wyposażony w reaktor katalityczny cechuje się wysoką temperaturą spalin wylotowych. Przedstawiono stanowisko badawcze, wyniki pomiarów objętościowych udziałów szkodliwych składników spalin oraz przeliczone wyniki emisji składników spalin w funkcji współczynnika nadmiaru powietrza dla wybranych prędkości obrotowych wraz z oceną wyników badań.

EN

The paper presents results of experimental tests proved on the modified spark ignition two-stroke engine with direct fuel injection and with the prototype of exhaust system including the oxidation catalytic converter. The obtained emissions of toxic components in exhaust gases from the research engine are multiple lower than permissible norms of emission for new stationary engines according to directive EC. Two-stroke engine equipped with oxidation catalytic converter characterizes with high temperature of exhaust gases. The work presents the research stand, results of volumetric concentrations of chosen chemical components in exhaust gases and their mass emission based on calculation in function of air excess coefficient for chosen rotational speeds with assessment of those results.

4

Control problems in a turbocharged spark-ignition engine

Mitianiec W., Rodak Ł.

Journal of KONES

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2011

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Vol. 18, No. 3

269-277

EN

The paper presents the problems of adapting of the charge system to the standard four stroke spark ignition engine Toyota Yaris 1300 cm3 with compression ratio 10.5. The main problem in charged spark ignition engine is control of air-fuel ratio near stoichiometric values at different boost pressure in order to obtain higher torque at the same level of specific fuel consumption and exhaust gas emission. Charging of such engine is connected with the problem of knock in the medium and high values of load at low engine speeds. Higher boost pressure leads to abnormal combustion process and to knocking. The paper describes the boost pressure control algorithm which enables to prevent the knock, so the engine can work near the knock boundary. The article includes a description of the engine, the method of charging and test bench, which was built to verify the proposed control algorithm for boost pressure. The publication contains the results of different tests conducted on the supercharged engine stand by the proposed algorithm and measured parameters were torque, fuel consumption and volumetric concentration of the main exhaust gas components. Applying of turbocharger in SI engines leads to knocking. The controlling of combustion process in SI engine is realized on the adjustment of WG or VTG to decrease or increase the rotational speed of turbocharger. Such control causes the engine work near boundary of knocking.

5

Experimental investigations in direct injected SI two-stroke engine

Mitianiec W., Forma M., Rodak Ł.

Journal of KONES

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2010

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Vol. 17, No. 2

335-342

EN

The paper presents the latest experimental results of smali power two-stroke engine with electronic controlled high pressure direct fuel injection. The work is one of the first solutions in such engines in Poland and was provided on industrial engine with capacity 115 cm3. A special experimental eąuipment and electronic control of fuel dose and injection phases enables to obtain a big decrease of specific fuel consumption and exhaust gas emission, particularly hydrocarbons with the same level of torque. Applying of direct injection in small power two-stroke engine gives possibility tofulfil exhaust emission reguirements. The paper presents the experimental stand and fuel injection system with results of main engine parameters and emission of chosen chemical components. The configuration of injection system was designed on the basis of previous simulation test in GT-Power and KIVA3V. Earlier fuel injection influences on better evaporation and mixture formation with small stratification, which enables full mixture combustion. Direct fuel injection in two-stroke engine decreases hydrocarbon emission 10 times and specific fuel consumption about 30% in comparison to carburetted engine. Exhaust gas emission is on level off our stroke engines with low emission of NOx. The engine was equipped with conventional automotive injector, which was not suited to small cylinder capacity. . On the basis of the simulations and experimental tests a main conclusion can be drawn, that the spray guided direct fuel injection is a way to obtain cleaner and more effective two-stroke engine for small power units.

6

Gasoline Mixture Combustion in Direct Fuel Injection SI Two-Stroke Engine

Mitianiec W., Rodak Ł., Forma M.

Archivum Combustionis

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2010

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Vol. 30 nr 4

377-397

EN

Process of gasoline mixture combustion in two-stroke engines is much more complicated than in four stroke engines. In order to decrease fuel consumption and exhaust gas emission, particularly hydrocarbons, two-stroke engines should have direct fuel injection systems. The paper presents results of both simulation and experimental tests on a small power gasoline two-stroke engine. The special high pressure injection system was elaborated in Cracow University of Technology for engine with capacity 115 cm3. The most important factor in such engine is small time for fuel evaporation and obtaining a homogeneous mixture in the combustion chamber. The gas flow in the cylinder (tumble and swirl) causes a certain deviation of fuel stream during injection and therefore location of the injector has big significance on the combustion process. The paper shows results of fuel distribution in the cylinder for different crank angles obtained from spatial simulation (KIVA3V) and propagation of the flame during combustion process. Experimental work was carried out on the engine in order to determine influence of injection parameters on engine work and combustion process. On the basis of pressure traces at different loads and rotational speeds heat release rates were calculated and Vibe functions were found. The paper presents the engine experimental stand and results of decreasing of important exhaust gases components at the same engine working parameters as in carburetted engine.

7

The influence of spray guided charge forming on the work parameters of SI gasoline direct injection engine

Sendyka B., Kudzia S., Rodak Ł., Noga M.

Silniki Spalinowe

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2009

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R. 48, SC2

371--378

EN

In this paper there are presented the results of study of SI gasoline direct injection engines working in wall and spray guided systems. Explorations have been run when throttle valve was opened in 75 % and in 50 %. Characteristics of both engines obtained by means of the study have been put together in order to compare work parameters such as: effective pressure, elementary engine power, specific fuel consumption and total efficiency. That allow qualification an influence of spray guided charge forming on the work parameters of SI gasoline direct injection. In another part of the paper there has been executed the analysis of emission of harmful components of exhaust gas. There has been defined an influence of spray guided charge forming on emission of such ingredients as: oxide carbon, dioxide carbon and hydrocarbons.

PL

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań silników ZI z bezpośrednim wtryskiem benzyny pracujących w systemach powierzchniowego i strumieniowego prowadzenia ładunku. Badania przeprowadzone zostały przy 75% oraz 50% otwarciu przepustnicy. Uzyskane w wyniku badań charakterystyki obu silników zostały zestawione w celu porównania parametrów roboczych takich jak: Ciśnienie efektywne, moc jednostkowa, jednostkowe zużycie paliwa oraz sprawność ogólna. Pozwoliło to na określenie wpływu strumieniowego tworzenia ładunku na parametry robocze silnika ZI o bezpośrednim wtrysku benzyny. W dalszej części pracy poddano analizie emisję szkodliwych składników spalin. Określono wpływ strumieniowego tworzenia ładunku na emisję takich składników jak: tlenek węgla, dwutlenek węgla, oraz węglowodory.

8

The description of the total efficiency of 2SZ-FE engine with the variable valve timing

Sendyka B., Sochan A., Noga M., Rodak Ł.

Journal of KONES

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2007

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Vol. 14, No. 2

401-407

EN

In this paper there were conducted tests of the combustion engine with the Atkinson cycle and with applying variable valve timing. There was described the 2SZ-FE engine characteristics and assigned the total efficiency before and after application of the phase shifter. Secondly, there was determined the thermal efficiency of the single engine work cycles and also engine 's total efficiency by using the optoelectronic pressure sensor and mathematical programme. After that, it was available to present the range of the variable valve timing. Atkinson system, phases of 2SZ-FE engine timing gear, the total efficiency distribution during 75 % of throttle opening and when inlet valves are open, the total efficiency increase during 75 % of throttle opening, the total efficiency distribution during 50 % of throttle opening and when suction valves are open, the total efficiency increase during 50 % of throttle opening, the total efficiency distribution during 25 % of throttle opening and when inlet valves are opened, the total efficiency increase during 25 % of throttle opening, the total efficiency distribution with application of phases shifter are presented in the paper.

9

Comparative study of charging system of spark ignition engine

Sendyka B., Filipczyk J., Noga M., Rodak Ł.

Journal of KONES

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2007

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Vol. 14, No. 3

551-555

EN

The purpose of investigation was comparison of engine's output while equipped with different types of turbocharging systems. Engine used during research was Toyota's SI engine with displacement of 1296 cm3. Intake and exhaust manifold were modified by introducing fixed and variable geometry turbocharger. The third system was electrically driven charger ensuring both constant and variable boost pressure. Regulatory parameters of fuel injection and ignition system weren't changed. On the basis of carried out research , it was affirmed that there is a possibility of introducing charging system into the engine without changes of mentioned regulatory parameters. Proper choice concerning charging systems allows improving torque characteristic in wide range of engine's rotational speed. Electrically driven charger giving maximum boost pressure provides significant improvement in low engine's speed range, whereas in higher range it is not showing so much advantage. In medium engine's speed range the best result is given by variable geometry turbocharging system. In this application boost pressure had to be reduced to 0.25105 [Pa] in order to provide stable engine's run in all conditions including variable engine's speed and whole range of throttle opening angle.