Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Driving protocols: the possibility of using routing protocols in autonomous transport

Wróbel Radosław, Sroka Zbigniew, Sierzputowski Gustaw, Dimitrov Radostin, Mihaylov Veselin, Ivanov Daniel

Combustion Engines

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2024

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R. 63, nr 1

3--9

EN

Removing the human factor from transport (in the direct sense) is still a plan, reaching into the future. However, this plan does not require so much imagination - autonomous vehicles can already be found on the roads. Currently, they are not only autonomous but also independent, i.e. decisions about traffic parameters are made in the vehicle. In the future, with more autonomous vehicles, there will be a need to connect them with a communication network, which will eliminate a number of telematic problems. It remains an open question how to make this network? Is it based on the modern Internet network? What and which data will be necessary to achieve the “right relations” between autonomous vehicles (hosts of network)? The article presents one aspect of the mentioned problem; the amount of data generated by an autonomous vehicle is presented in light of the processing capabilities of modern ICT systems.

2

Impact of water content in fuel for smoke opacity

Haller Piotr, Haller Agata, Kaźmierczak Andrzej, Matla Jędrzej, Sroka Zbigniew, Wróbel Radosław

Combustion Engines

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2023

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R. 62, nr 4

123--127

EN

The development of internal combustion engines is focused at solving problems like: fulfilment with increasingly stringent requirements regarding exhaust emissions and elimination of threats to the natural environment. The subject of this thesis is to assess the impact of supplying a compression-ignition engine with hydrocarbon mixtures and to examine the impact of water on external parameters of the engine, such as smoke opacity. The main tests were carried out on a 4-cylinder VW 1.9 TDI internal combustion engine at a constant engine crankshaft speed of 3000 rpm and a variable load of 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 Nm. The tests were carried out using an innovative mixture of hydrated fusel oils, ethyl alcohol and ionic and/or non-ionic emulsifiers, from which was made of microemulsions with a water content in diesel oil of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%. The tests carried out showed a beneficial effect of the water content in the diesel oil on the reduction of the average value of smoke opacity, which systematically decreases with the increase in the percentage of water in the diesel oil.

3

The vehicle driver safety prediction system

Haller Piotr, Wróbel Radosław, Sierzputowski Gustaw, Dimitrov Radostin, Mihaylow Veselin

Combustion Engines

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2022

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R. 61, nr 3

11--17

EN

The article presents analysis of road crash accidents. It presents the evolution of safety systems, starting from a description of the currently used vehicle-based systems, with particular emphasis on the prediction of the driver falling asleep. The article also proposes a proprietary system of sleep prediction based on the face detection of drivers. The detection of facial landmarks is presented as a two-step process: an algorithm finds faces in general, and then needs to localize key facial structures within the face region of interest.

4

Production potential of biodiesel, methane and electricity in the largest steamed rice industry in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil: case study

Nadaleti Willian, Lourenço Vitor, Przybyła Grzegorz, Kardasz Piotr, Wróbel Radosław, Dimitrov Radostin, Trembacz Jarosław, Ivanov Zdravko

Production Engineering Archives

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2021

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Vol. 27, Iss. 2

130--136

EN

The potential for energy production from effluents and husks generated in grain processing in the rice parboiling industries in Brazil is capable of promoting energy self-sufficiency in the sector, through the production and use of syngas and biogas. However, the production of methane from residues of the rice parboiling industries is still little explored by academic studies, in general studies on the potential of methane production by this same type of effluent are found in the south of the country, however, the same is not true for the production of biodiesel from rice bran oil. The objective of this study was to determine the production potential of biodiesel, methane and electric energy of the largest parboiled rice industry in Rio Grande do Sul, located in the southern region of the country. According to this study, the rice parboiling industry located in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, has a production potential of 1.2-10² m³ /day of biodiesel, 2.93-10 Nm³ /day of methane and 1.89-10⁴ kWh/day of electricity. Despite being a significant and high potential, which may reduce the financial expenses of the industry regarding the purchase of energy from concessionaires, it is not able to promote its energy self-sufficiency. At the same time, it would be necessary to add the energy production potential of the rice husk gasification syngas highlighted in other studiem.

5

Wavelet transform in vibroacoustic diagnostic of machines

Haller Piotr, Jankowski Antoni, Kaźmierczak Andrzej, Wróbel Radosław

Journal of KONES

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2019

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Vol. 26, No. 1

47--55

EN

This article discusses the use of wavelet decomposition in the diagnostics of vibrometric signals of an engine. Apart from presenting the possibility of using wavelets in diagnostics, the authors take up the subject of the applicability range of processing for stationary signals, which until now has been reserved for non-stationary signals. A unified definition of signal stationarity has been proposed, which is not based on statistics. The authors presented methods of wavelet decomposition of a vibrometric signal of combustion engine vibrations, measured with the use of LDV (Laser Doppler Vibrometry). Laser measurements allows for studying an object without 'touching' its housing. Basing on the relative velocity of engine vibrations, the authors indicate how reliable vibrations are in diagnostics. Despite higher costs, this measurement method gives better results (for specific cases) than acoustic studies. Transform – wavelet decomposition is a solution hardly ever used in machine diagnostics; it is more often applied in medicine and image recognition. The authors presented the differences that can be obtained for different levels of decomposition, and also presented the impact on the engine condition assessment through the use of filtering (windowing) the signal before decomposition.

6

The effect of fuel mixture on engine vibrations

Wróbel Radosław, Łoza Łukasz, Haller Piotr, Włostowski Radosław

Combustion Engines

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2019

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R. 58, nr 2

136--138

EN

In the article, the authors analyze the effect of a fuel mixture (iso-octane, butanol and ethanol) on the generation of engine vibrations. The paper presents the results in the form of frequency response (using the Fast Fourier Transform - FFT) for three mixtures of different proportions. The measurements were made with the use of accelerometers and data acquisition cards, conditioning the received signal. The vibration component, in the form of acceleration, will be subjected to a FFT and presented in graphical form (periodogram). The authors put a special emphasis on a comparative analysis, indicating changes in harmonics, which may be a potential cause of engine degradation.

7

The analysis of vibrations of gasoline and diesel vehicles as a function of their engine sizes

Łoza Łukasz, Wróbel Radosław, Sitnik Lech

Combustion Engines

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2019

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R. 58, nr 3

20--23

EN

This paper presents a study of vibrations appearing in a vehicle in the process of its operation. The authors describe the primary source of the vibrations and their propagation in the entire structure. The observations were performed on the passenger cars with various gasoline and diesel engines. The aim was to examine the level of damping factor in the different locations in the car, precisely specified for the purpose of this studies. The secondary goal was to develop an effective method of obtaining and analyzing signals generated during the engine operation. The chosen instrument was Laser Doppler Vibrometer (LDV), which is used as the non-intrusive measurement utensil to detect velocity variations in designated places. The signals are gathered and collected as group of sinusoidal characteristics in the time domain. In order to achieve specific information about every component of the original signal, the authors apply Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) as the analyzing method. It allows to distinct the basic sinusoidal characteristics in the frequency domain through the spectral analysis. Based on the results, the authors are able to distinguish the dominant modes from the complex signal and indicate their impact on the car.

8

Magnetic susceptibility spatial distribution as an indicator of soil pollution in the area of Opole city

Gołuchowska Beata, Wróbel Radosław

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A

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2018

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Vol. 25, nr 2

167--185

EN

Soil magnetometry, based on topsoil magnetic susceptibility measurement, has been proven in the literature to be very useful and increasingly applicable screening technique of soils affected by anthropogenic pressure. According to the literature data, this method requires further improvement, especially in the field of magnetometric imaging techniques. The aim of the study was assessment of magnetic transformations of soils in the city of Opole (Opolskie Voivodeship) using soil magnetometry and three magnetometric data interpolation techniques (natural neighbour NN, inverse distance weightening IDW and ordinary kriging OK). The data was collected during field measurements of magnetic susceptibility, carried out in an area of 7.1 km2, in a network of 124 measurement points, in the year 2015. The location of the points was determined using the Garmin GPS GPSMap 64st device, and the magnetometric measurements were performed in situ using the MS2 meter and the MS2D sensor from Bartington Instruments. The research showed high values of magnetic susceptibility and occurrence of soil magnetic anomalies in the study area. This was accompanied by geochemical transformations of soils, revealed in previous research. The results suggest that it could be caused by the long-term deposition of cement dusts, emitted in increased quantities in former times by the cement plant, which has left its footprint in the environment. When analyzing the usefulness of the magnetometric data interpolation techniques, the IDW technique best reflected the spatial distribution of magnetic susceptibility in the study area, while the technique of OK, due to the so-called smoothing effect, turned out to be less useful.

PL

Magnetometria glebowa, polegająca na pomiarze podatności magnetycznej wierzchniej warstwy gleby, jest bardzo przydatną i coraz powszechniej stosowaną techniką monitorowania stanu gleb objętych wpływem antropopresji. Jak wynika z danych literaturowych, metoda ta wymaga dalszego udoskonalania, szczególnie w zakresie technik obrazowania danych magnetometrycznych. Celem badań była ocena przekształceń magnetycznych gleb na terenie miasta Opola (woj. opolskie) z zastosowaniem magnetometrii glebowej oraz trzech technik interpolacji danych magnetometrycznych (naturalnego sąsiedztwa NN, ważonych odwrotnych odległości IDW oraz krigingu zwykłego OK). Dane zostały zgromadzone podczas pomiarów terenowych podatności magnetycznej, wykonanych na powierzchni 7,1 km2, w sieci 124 punktów pomiarowych, w 2015 r. Lokalizacje punktów określono za pomocą urządzenia Garmin GPS GPSMap 64st, a pomiary magnetometryczne wykonano in situ za pomocą miernika MS2 i czujnika MS2D firmy Bartington Instruments. Badania wykazały wysokie wartości podatności magnetycznej oraz występowanie glebowych anomalii magnetycznych na badanym terenie. Towarzyszą temu przekształcenia geochemiczne gleb, wykazane we wcześniejszych badaniach. Wyniki sugerują, że przyczyną tego stanu mogła być długoletnia depozycja pyłów cementowych, emitowanych w latach ubiegłych w zwiększonej ilości przez cementownię, która pozostawiła swój ślad w środowisku. Analizując przydatność zastosowanych technik interpolacji danych magnetometrycznych, technika IDW najlepiej odzwierciedlała rozkład przestrzenny podatności magnetycznej na badanym terenie, podczas gdy technika OK, z powodu tzw. efektu wygładzającego, okazała się mniej przydatna.

9

Przemiany krajobrazów wybranych wsi w dolinie Odry w województwie opolskim

Wróbel Radosław

Prace Komisji Krajobrazu Kulturowego

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2009

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nr 12

140--149

PL

Przeanalizowano zmiany struktury przestrzennej 5 wsi leżących w dolinie Odry, w województwie opolskim – Landzmierz, Kobylice, Zimnice Małe, Stobrawa, Szydłowice. Badania wykazują, iż na przestrzeni minionego wieku struktura przestrzenna, układ oraz wielkość wsi uległy pewnym zmianom. Nie są to jednak duże zmiany, wpływające na istotne przekształcenie krajobrazu tych obszarów i zmianę ich charakteru. W ostatnim czasie nie rozwija się tam nowa zabudowa, a istniejąca pochodzi z przełomu XIX i XX w. oraz początku XX w. Dzieje się tak mimo tego, że obszary te bardzo często mają wysokie walory przyrodnicze, sprzyjające funkcjom wypoczynkowym, rekreacyjnym a zatem mogłyby się tam rozwijać różne typy zabudowy.

EN

River valleys are very important component of landscape. They have huge meaning in his structure and function, as well as in preservation of living resources. River valleys are also most valuable and universal ecological corridors. Rural landscape in river valleys was shaped by many factors over years. However, in present moment one of the main factors effecting rural landscape in river valley, beside socio-conomic aspects, is factor related with. Villages chosen to research are exposed on seasonally flooding. They have touched in a great extent by flood in 1997. The basic research objective was determination if and in what degree this factor effects rural landscape conversions and evolution and what is the Oder river influence on forming and development of village. The other research objective was determination of potential farthest capability of rural landscape transformation in the Oder river valley. Analysis of chosen village indicate some changes in their spatial structure. There were not important change in spatial system, however has followed buildings concentration and density. Bigger changes appear on village in suburban zone, what indicate that socio-economic factors have significant influence on village development, exceeding even flood hazard aspects. Location in Oder river valley area is a factor braking intensive development and transformation of landscape.