Shale gas in China : how much and when?

• Autorzy: Changbo Ch. , Pieńkowski G.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Gaz z łupków w Chinach : ile i kiedy?

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

China is ranked as the world’s largest resource-holder of unconventional gas (estimated at about 25–31 trillion cubic meters – tcm), and current production is 1.3 billion cubic meters (bcm). Also other unconventional resources(tight gas, CBM) are large in global standards. There are strong energy security reasons in China – a long run strategy for China is to reduce its dependency on imported gas resources, thus the growth of domestic output of unconventional gas production (coal bed methane, tight and in particular shale gas) has been recognized as very important both by the government, giving significant impetus to the development of shale gas extraction. However, significant uncertainties remain about the extent to which this resource will be developed as aspects of China’s geology and the structure of the gas sector (in terms of pricing as well as access to water and pipelines) and population density, possess significant problems. A key role in Chinese unconventional hydrocarbons exploration is played by large Chinese national oil companies. The most productive shales are Lower Paleozoic marine strata in South China, in particular the organic-rich Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation in the upper Yangtze region, characterized also by wide distribution, large thickness and generally fairly good other properties. Both subsurface geological and surface conditions of major shale gas plays in China are more complex than those in USA. Concerning geology, many shale gas plays in China are faulted and sometimes cross-cut by tectonically active zones – however, in some best productive zones tectonics improves conductivity of reservoirs. Number of Chinese shale plays (particularly those of lacustrine origin, representing a large share of Chinese resources) contain clay rich formations, which impairs effectiveness of hydraulic fracturing. Concerning environmental issues, China decided to go for a practice-oriented approach and no specific regulations for unconventional hydrocarbons currently exist in China, only some – pre-during and – post-operation recommendations are discussed. Interestingly, in many aspects unconventional hydrocarbon exploration in China show more similarities to the situation in Poland than to USA and bilateral cooperation may be fruitful for both sides.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

shale gas; China; geology; resources; policy; cooperation with Poland

PL

gaz łupkowy; Chiny; geologia; zasoby; polityka; współpraca z Polską

• Wydawca: Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
• Czasopismo: Przegląd Geologiczny
• Rocznik: 2015
• Tom: Vol. 63, nr 10/3
• Strony: 1206--1214
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 9 poz., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Changbo Ch.

• Deputy Director General, Ministry of Land and Resources PRC, Department of Geological Exploration, No 64 Funei Street, Xicheng District, Bejing, China/PC 100812

autor

Pieńkowski G.

• Polish Geological Institute –National Research Institute, ul. Rakowiecka 4, 00-975 Warszawa

Bibliografia

• 1. BROCHWICZ-LEWIŃSKI W. & RUDNICKI A. 2015 - Polsko-chińskie rozmowy o gazie z łupków. http://www.pgi.gov.pl/pl/instytut-geologiczny- aktualnosci-informacje/5604-polsko-chiskie-rozmowy-o-gazie-z-upkow.
• 2. ENVIRONMENT and exploration of shale gas - The results of seismic monitoring. http://www.gdos.gov.pl/files/artykuly/38173/Report_The_ environment_and_shale_gas_exploration_The_ results_of_seismic_ monitoring.pdf.
• 3. JIANG S., DAHDAH N., PAHNKE P. & ZHANG J. 2014 - Comparison Between Marine Shales and Lacustrine Shales in China. Research and Discovery Article #30316 (2014), Posted February 11, 2014; Adapted from poster presentation presented at AAPG Annual Convention and Exhibition, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, May 19-22.
• 4. THE ENVIRONMENT and shale gas exploration - Results of studies on the soil-water environment, ambient air, acoustic, climate, process fluids and wastes, 188 pp. https://www.google.pl/?gws_rd=ssl#q= The+environment+and+shale+gas+exploration+RESULTS +OF+STUDIES+ON+ THE+SOIL-WATER+ENVIRONMENT%2C+ AMBIENT+AIR+ACOUSTIC+CLIMATE%2C+PROCESS+ FLUIDS+AND+WASTES.
• 5. TONGLOU G. & HANRONG Z. 2014 - Formation and enrichment mode of Jiaoshiba shale gas field, Sichuan Basin. Petrol. Explor. Develop., 41: 31-40.
• 6. WOJTCZAK K. 2014 - Główny Geolog Kraju z wizytą w Chinach - konferencja China Mining 2014. Prz. Geol., 62 (12): 795-796.
• 7. XIANGZENG W., SHENGLI G. & CHAO G. 2014 - Geological features of Mesozoic lacustrine shale gas in south of Ordos Basin, NW China. Petrol. Explor. Develop., 41 (3): 326-337.
• 8. YANG F. 2015 - Recommendations for Rulation of Shale Gas Environmental Impacts in China [unpubl.] April 10, 2015 Chengdu, IEA Forum.
• 9. YUAN J., LUO D., XIA L. & FENG L. 2015 - Policy recommendations to promote shale gas development in China based on a technical and economic evaluation. Energy Policy, 85: 194-206.