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The use of drones in the maritime sector – areas and benefits

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Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
Drones are entering the maritime sector and have successfully increased safety and security. They can effectively replace humans, and where life and health are at risk during operations such as tank or hull inspections, they can be used in a fully remote capacity. They are used to transport spare parts, documents, medicine, etc. between land and ships at sea or on the roadstead, which may increase safety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Drones can control traffic and the emission of pollutants from ships, detect pirates, monitor areas, and support operations. They are used in search and rescue missions and also provide modern technologies like 5G and others. Drones are reliable and effective, and their use minimizes costs and reduces time. This paper presents a current review of the state of knowledge on the use of drones in the maritime sector. It takes into consideration the opportunities of their utilisation and presents possibilities and examples of successful drone exploitation by various entities such as classification societies, shipyards, search and rescue (SAR) missions, and others. The benefits and limitations and a roadmap for drones in shipping are also analysed. An application forecast for the Polish maritime sector in the West Pomeranian and Pomeranian Regions is also delivered in the paper. Desk research methodology was used to review the literature to identify the set goals by analysing literature reports, articles, and materials published by beneficiaries using drones successfully, as well as inquiries and market offers.
Słowa kluczowe
Rocznik
Strony
16--25
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 40 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
  • West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin Department of Safety and Energy Engineering 41 Piastów Ave., 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
Bibliografia
  • 1. Andruszkiewicz, Z. (2015) Remontowa employs drones for internal inspection. [Online] 03 September. Available from: https://www.motorship.com/news101/ships-and-shipyards/remontowa-employs-drones-for-internal-inspection [Accessed: October 29, 2020].
  • 2. Ball, M. (2016) Maersk tankers successfully completes drone delivery to vessel at sea. [Online] 11 March. Available from: http://www.unmannedsystemstechnology.com/2016/ 03/maersk-tankers-successfully-completes-drone-deliveryto-vessel-at-sea/ [Accessed: October 29, 2020].
  • 3. Cage, S. (2016) Flown out by drone. [Online] 8 February. Available from: https://maersktankers.com/media/flownout-by-drone [Accessed: October 29, 2020].
  • 4. Castellano, F. (2020) Commercial Drones Are Revolutionizing Business Operations. [Online] Available from: https://www.toptal.com/finance/market-research-analysts/ drone-market [Accessed: September 12, 2020].
  • 5. Chakrasthitha (2019) Drones – Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), Tapes, Components, Works. Available from: https://electricalfundablog.com/drones-unmanned-aerialvehicles-uavs/ [Accessed: March 06, 2020].
  • 6. Chapman, A. (2016) Drones Types: Multi-Rotor vs FixedWing vs Single Rotor vs Hybrid VTOL. Australian Drone Magazine 3. Available from: https://www.auav.com.au/ articles/drone-types/ [Accessed: August 18, 2020].
  • 7. Cheeseman, S. (2020) The growing role for aerial drones in the maritime industry. [Online] 12 September. Available from: https://www.marine-i.co.uk/news/article/80/thegrowing-role-for-aerial-drones-in-the-maritime-industry [Accessed: October 29, 2020].
  • 8. Coastguard New Zealand (2014) Drones for Good Submission. [Online] 13 October. Available from: https://www.youtube. com/watch?v=Knnff9WZAmY [Accessed: October 29, 2020].
  • 9. DNV-GL (2018a) The drone squad for ship surveys. [Online] 06 January.Available from: https://www.dnvgl.com/ expert-story/maritime-impact/The-drone-squad-for-shipsurveys.html[Accessed: October 29, 2020].
  • 10. DNV-GL (2018b) ADRASSO, Autonomous Drone-Based Surveys of Ships in Operation. [Online] Available from: https://www.dnvgl.com/research/review2018/featuredprojects/adrasso-autonomous-drone-ship-surveys.html [Accessed: August 23, 2020].
  • 11. DNV-GL (2020) Drone surveys and inspections. [Online] 12 September. Available from: https://www.dnvgl.pl/services/ drone-surveys-and-inspections-93320 [Accessed: October 29, 2020].
  • 12. Downs, G. (2016) Maersk Takes Drone Technology to Sea. [Online] 17 March. Available from: https://www.youtube. com/watch?v=C9g4qbwJ-P8 [Accessed: October 29, 2020].
  • 13. EMSA (2018) Annual Overview of Marine Casualties and Incidents 2018. [Online] Available from: http:// www.emsa.europa.eu/news-a-press-centre/external-news/ item/3406-annual-overview-of-marine-casualties-andincidents-2018.html [Accessed: September 15, 2020].
  • 14. Explicit (2020) Measuring maritime emissions. [Online] Available from: http://explicit.dk [Accessed: August 26, 2020].
  • 15. Frederiksen, M.H. &Knudsen, M.P. (2018) Drones for Offshore and Maritime Missions: Opportunities and Barriers. Center for Integrative Innovation Management, SDU.
  • 16. Gospodarska Morska (2017) PRS wykorzystuje drony do inspekcji statków. [Online] 25 May. Available from: https://www.gospodarkamorska.pl/Stocznie,Offshore/prswykorzystuje-drony-do-inspekcji-statkow.html [Accessed: October 29, 2020].
  • 17. Gupta, A. (2019) Drones to monitor rising emissions from shipping sector. [Online] 12 February. Available from: www.news.cgtn.com/news/3d3d514e77516a4e32457a633 3566d54/index.html [Accessed: October 29, 2020].
  • 18. Hakirevic, N. (2020) MPA, Airbus, others to conduct coastal 5G SA trials at Singapore Maritime Drone Estate. [Online] 15 June. Available from: https://www.offshoreenergy.biz/mpa-airbus-others-to-conduct-coastal-5g-satrials-at-singapore-maritime-drone-estate/ [Accessed: October 29, 2020].
  • 19. Hines, J. (2018) Opinions. [Online] 25 September. Available from: https://safety4sea.com/the-use-of-drones-inshipping-and-cover-implications/ [Accessed: October 29, 2020].
  • 20. ILO (1996) Accident prevention on board ship at sea and in port. Second edition. Geneva: International Labour Orgnization.
  • 21. Latarska, A. & Stareńczak, P.B. (2015) Gdańska Stocznia Remontowa SA wykorzystała dron do inspekcji zbiorników tankowca. [Online] 03 September. Available from: https://www.portalmorski.pl/stocznie-statki/29777-gdanska -stocznia-remontowa-sa-wykorzystala-dron-do-inspekcjizbiornikow-tankowca [Accessed: October 29, 2020].
  • 22. Lavars, N. (2019) Airbus drones deliver first packages to ships offshore. [Online] 18 March. Available from: https:// newatlas.com/airbus-drones-skyways-cargo-ships/58893/ [Accessed: October 29, 2020].
  • 23. Lloyd’s Register (2016) Lloyd’s Register releases Guidance notes for inspection with UAS. [Online] 22 March. Available from: https://www.lr.org/en/latest-news/lloydsregister-releases-guidance-notes-for-inspection-with-uas/ [Accessed: October 29, 2020].
  • 24. Lloyd’s Register (2018) Drones: A fresh look at marine classification surveys. [Online] Available from: https://www. lr.org/en/drones/ [Accessed: September 12, 2020].
  • 25. Lloyd’s Register (2020) Bulk cargo carrier operator, CSL, uses drone technology to improve safety and reduce costs. [Online] Available from: https://www.lr.org/en/case-studies /using-drone-technology-to-improve-safety-and-reducecosts/ [Accessed: September 12, 2020].
  • 26. MAERSK (2016) Flown out by drone. [Online] Available from: http://www.maersk.com/en/hardware/2016/03/flownout-by-drone [Accessed: August 20, 2020].
  • 27. Martek Marine (2017) Are drones the future of marine surveying? [Online] 09 June. Available from: https://www. martek-marine.com/blog/are-drones-the-future-of-marinesurveying/ [Accessed: October 29, 2020].
  • 28. Martek Marine (2018) How drone technology is improving safety in the maritime industry. [Online] 10 January. Available from: https://www.martek-marine.com/blog/drone-tech nology-maritime-industry/ [Accessed: October 29, 2020].
  • 29. O’dwyer, R. (2020) F-drones continues delivery drone development with Hafnia and Wilhelmsen tie-ups. [Online] 10 June. Available from: https://smartmaritimenetwork.com/ 2020/06/10/f-drones-continues-delivery-drone-development-with-hafnia-and-wilhelmsen-tie-ups/ [Accessed: October 29, 2020].
  • 30. Paris, C. &Wall, R. (2016) Maersk Sees Savings in Using Drones at Sea, Containership operator studying drones as way to move smaller cargo from shore to ship. The Wall Street Journal, [Online] 16 March. Available from: https:// www.wsj.com/articles/maersk-sees-savings-in-usingdrones-at-sea-1458153612 [Accessed: October 29, 2020].
  • 31. poland@sea (2016) DNV GL tests drone technology for inspections of tankers. [Online] 13 January. Available from: http://www.polandatsea.com/dnv-gl-tests-drone-technology -for-inspections-of-tankers/ [Accessed: October 29, 2020].
  • 32. Quadsat (2020) Creating Test Results for a more Efficient SATCOM Industry. [Online] Available from: http://quadsat. com/?page_id=17 [Accessed: September 03, 2020].
  • 33. safety4sea (2020) Drones: From trials to world’s first Drone Safety Standards. [Online] 21 January. Available from: https://safety4sea.com/cm-drones-from-trials-to-worldsfirst-drone-safety-standards/ [Accessed: October 29, 2020].
  • 34. Ship Technology (2016) How drones are changing the maritime industry. [Online] 18 May.Available from: https://www.ship-technology.com/features/featurehow -drones-are-changing-the-maritime-industry-4865807/ [Accessed: October 29, 2020].
  • 35. Ship Technology (2018) Drones in the deep: new applications for maritime UAVs. [Online] 23 January. Available from: https://www.ship-technology.com/features/dronesdeep-new-applications-maritime-uavs/ [Accessed: October 23, 2020].
  • 36. Tesla, N. (1898) Method of and apparatus for controlling mechanisms of moving vessels and vehicles. No. 613, 809, United States Patent and Trademark Office, 1898. Available from: https://www.popsci.com/nikola-tesla-patented-dronecontrols-in-1898/ [Accessed: September 12, 2020].
  • 37. The Aircraft Compare (2019) List of 14 Different Types of Drones Explained with Photos. [Online] Available from: https://www.aircraftcompare.com/blog/types-of-drones/ [Accessed: August 15, 2020].
  • 38. Vessel Performance Optimisation (2020) ADRASSO project, Optimising ship inspections with autonomous drones. [Online] 24 January. Available from: https://vpoglobal. com/2020/01/24/optimising-ship-inspections-with-autonomous-drones/ [Accessed: October 29, 2020].
  • 39. Walas, E. (2020) Port Gdynia gotowy na dronową rewolucję! [Online] Available from: https://www.gospodarka morska.pl/port-gdynia-gotowy-na-dronowa-rewolucje-fotowideo-54207 [Accessed: October 05, 2020].
  • 40. West Coast Sailors (2016) Maersk sees savings in using drones at sea.West Coast Sailors LXXIX, 3, Wednesday, March 30, p. 6. San Francisco, California, Available from: https://www.sailors.org/sites/default/files/newsletter/pdf/ wcs_march_2016.pdf [Accessed: October 29, 2020].
Uwagi
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa Nr 461252 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2021).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-fd4e59fe-6156-48f2-b74c-e117301a6f57
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