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The effectiveness of cruise/passenger ship evacuation is influenced by multiple factors. This paper investigates the limitations of current evacuation protocols by examining crew training practices, human behavioral and psychological patterns during emergencies, ship design innovations and constraints, as well as factors not under human control such as weather, sea state, and specific type of emergency. Furthermore, it provides a comparative analysis between available literature around various factors that can determine the outcome of a cruise/ passenger ship evacuation, and empirical data obtained from responses of approximately 100 seafarers employed in the cruise and passenger ship industry. Related data revolves around key areas such as drills, ashore training, psychological impact, decision making, evacuation practices and preparedness, and evacuation equipment. Seafarers (along with passengers) are directly and most affected during a ship emergency, therefore uncovering existing regulatory gaps, boosting the safety culture onboard ships, and providing solutions that will enhance the safe evacuation practices (and ultimately save more lives) are clearly actions of priority.
Słowa kluczowe
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
281--288
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 31 poz., rys.
Twórcy
autor
- World Maritime University, Malmö, Sweden
autor
- World Maritime University, Malmö, Sweden
Bibliografia
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- [2] International Maritime Organization. (2016). Revised guidelines on evacuation analysis for new and existing passenger ships (MSC.1/Circ.1533).
- [3] STCW including 2010 Manila Amendments, 2017 Edition.
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- [5] Szcześniak, J. A. (2013). Importance of the on-board crew trainings and drills for the improvement of the vessels’ safety. Prace Wydziału Nawigacyjnego Akademii Morskiej w Gdyni, (28), 88-95. https://doi.org/10.12716/1002.28.11
- [6] Pospolicki, M. (2017). A study on how to improve the mass evacuation at sea with the use of survival crafts. LUTVDG/TVBB.
- [7] Wahl, Aud M., and Trond Kongsvik. "Crew resource management training in the maritime industry: a literature review." WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs 17.3 (2018): 377-396. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13437-018-0150-7
- [8] Nilsson, D., & Johansson, A. (2009). Social influence during the initial phase of a fire evacuation-Analysis of evacuation experiments in a cinema theatre. Fire Safety Journal, 44(1), 71-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2008.03.008
- [9] Leach, J. (1994). Survival psychology. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230372719
- [10] Robinson, S. J. (2012). When Disaster Strikes: Human Behaviour in Emergency Situations. Journal of the Institute of Civil Protection and Emergency Management.
- [11] Casareale, C., Bernardini, G., Bartolucci, A., Marincioni, F., & D’Orazio, M. (2017, December). Cruise ships like buildings: Wayfinding solutions to improve emergency evacuation. In Building Simulation (Vol. 10, pp. 989-1003). Tsinghua University Press. DOI:10.1007/s12273-017-0381-0
- [12] Leach, J. (2004). Why People ‘Freeze’ in an Emergency: Temporal and Cognitive Constraints on Survival Responses. Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, 75 (6), pp. 539-542. PMID: 15198281.
- [13] Leach, J. (2005). Cognitive Paralysis in an Emergency: The Role of the Supervisory Attentional System. Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, 76 (2), pp. 134-136. PMID: 15742830.
- [14] Harbst, G., & Madsen, F. (1993). The behavior of passengers in a critical situation on board a passenger vessel or ferry (Technical report). Copenhagen, Denmark: Danish Investment Foundation.
- [15] Nevalainen, J. (2015). Modeling passenger ship evacuation from a passenger's perspective. https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:aalto-201510164736
- [16] Nasso, C., Bertagna, S., Mauro, F., Marinò, A., & Bucci, V. (2019). Simplified and advanced approaches for evacuation analysis of passenger ships in the early stage of design. Brodogradnja: Teorija i praksa brodogradnje i pomorske tehnike, 70(3), 43-59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21278/brod70303
- [17] Stefanidis, F., Stefanou, E., Boulougouris, E., Karagianndis, L., Sotiralis, P., Annetis, E., ... & Veltsistas, P. (2023). SafePASS: A new chapter for passenger ship evacuation and marine emergency response. Transportation Research Procedia, 72, 3885-3892. DOI:10.1016/j.trpro.2023.11.493
- [18] Cornwell, B., Harmon, W., Mason, M., Merz, B., & Lampe, M. (2001). Panic or situational constraints? The case of the M/V Estonia. International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters, 19(1), 5-25. https://doi.org/10.1177/028072700101900101
- [19] Guarin, L., Hifi, Y., & Vassalos, D. (2014). Passenger ship evacuation–design and verification. In Virtual, Augmented and Mixed Reality. Applications of Virtual and Augmented Reality: 6th International Conference, VAMR 2014, Held as Part of HCI International 2014, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, June 22-27, 2014, Proceedings, Part II 6 (pp. 354-365). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07464-1_33
- [20] International Maritime Organization. (2002). Guidelines for evacuation analysis for new and existing passenger ships (MSC/Circ.1033).
- [21] Łozowicka, D. (2021). The design of the arrangement of evacuation routes on a passenger ship using the method of genetic algorithms. Plos one, 16(8), e0255993. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255993
- [22] Łozowicka, D. (2012). Organization of evacuation from passenger ships–a concept of safety enhancement. Zeszyty Naukowe/Akademia Morska w Szczecinie, 110-114.
- [23] Fang, S., Liu, Z., Wang, X., Cao, Y., & Yang, Z. (2024). Dynamic analysis of emergency evacuation in a rolling passenger ship using a two-layer social force model. Expert Systems with Applications, 247, 123310.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2024.123310
- [24] Wang, L., Zhou, P., Gu, J., & Li, Y. (2024). Numerical Simulation of Passenger Evacuation Process for a Cruise Ship Considering Inclination and Rolling. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 12(2), 336. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12020336
- [25] Wang, X., Liu, Z., Loughney, S., Yang, Z., Wang, Y., & Wang, J. (2022). Numerical analysis and staircase layout optimisation for a Ro-Ro passenger ship during emergency evacuation. Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 217, 108056. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2021.108056
- [26] Lei, W., & Tai, C. (2019). Effect of different staircase and exit layouts on occupant evacuation. Safety science, 118, 258-263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2019.05.030
- [27] Bellas, R. A., Martínez, J., Rivera, I., Touza, R., Gómez, M., & Carreño, R. (2020). Analysis of naval ship evacuation using stochastic simulation models and experimental data sets. Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, 122(3), 970-994. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32604/cmes.2020.07530
- [28] Ha, S., Ku, N.-K., Roh, M.-I., & Lee, K.-Y. (2012). Cell-based evacuation simulation considering human behavior in a passenger ship. Ocean Engineering, 53, 138–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2012.05.019
- [29] Liu, L., Zhang, H., Zhan, Y., Su, Y., & Zhang, C. (2022). Intelligent optimization method for the evacuation routes of dense crowds on cruise ships. Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory, 117, 102496. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simpat.2022.102496
- [30] Park, K.-P., Ham, S.-H., & Ha, S. (2015). Validation of advanced evacuation analysis on passenger ships using experimental scenario and data of full-scale evacuation. Computers in Industry, 71, 103–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2015.03.009
- [31] Yue, Y., Gai, W., & Deng, Y. (2022). Influence factors on the passenger evacuation capacity of cruise ships: Modeling and simulation of full-scale evacuation incorporating information dissemination. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 157, 466–483. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2021.11.010
Uwagi
1. Pełne imiona podano na stronie internetowej czasopisma w "Authors in other databases."
2. Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa nr POPUL/SP/0154/2024/02 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki II" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki (2025).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-f70e486c-9fa5-4173-b9e1-886f9ed01c3e
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