Przebieg roczny temperatury powietrza na Antarktydzie

• Autorzy: Kejna M.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Annual course of air temperature on the Antarctic

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

EN

On the Antarctic the annual course of air temperature shows a considerable spatial differentiation. Over the inland the course of temperature during the year is conditioned by insolation-radiational factors. On the coast the role of circulation factors connected with the advection of air masses from above the ocean or from the interior of the continent. In the paper mean monthly air temperatures from 56 stations making standard meteorological observations and from 38 automatic weather stations (AWS) have been used. On the Antarctic there types of annual air temperature courses can be distinguished: Oceanic - characterised by positive air temperatures in the summer season with the highest temperatures in February and by mild temperatures in the winter months (to -10°C). As a result of the ocean influence spring is considerable colder then autumn. The annual amplitudes are small (to 10-15°C). This type occurs on the western coast of the Antarctic Peninsula and on the subantarctic islands. Continental - with very low air temperatures. The warmest month is December with temperatures below -30°C in the interior of the continent. In winter the lowest mean monthly temperatures reach -70°C. The temperature frequently increases in the middle of winter; this phenomenon is called kernlose winter. The annual amplitude of air temperature is not high and in the interior its value reaches 30-35°C. The continental type includes the whole Antarctic except the narrow coastal belt. Coastal - characterised by air temperature around 0°C in the summer period. The warmest month is January. The lowest temperatures occur in January (-30° do -40°C). The growth of temperature in spring delays the heat uptake for the melting of sea ice. The annual amplitude of the air temperature is quite high and exceeds 20°C. Due to the influence of circulation factors on the Antarctic the annual course of the air temperature shows a large variability from year to year.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

Antarktyda; temperatury powietrza

EN

Antarctic; air temperature

• Wydawca: Stowarzyszenie Klimatologów Polskich
• Czasopismo: Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej
• Rocznik: 2002
• Tom: nr 12
• Strony: 5--19
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 40 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Kejna M.

• Zakład Klimatologii, Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu,