Powiadomienia systemowe
- Sesja wygasła!
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Gully erosion recorded in anatomical changes in exposed roots in permanent gullies (southern Poland)
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
Erosion occurs in permanent gullies cutting into the undulating loess plateau in southern Poland. The gully slopes are mainly vegetated with beech trees as opposed to the surface of the plateau summit, which is cultivated agricultural land, devoid of forests for at least 18 centuries [od 18 wieków czy od XVIII wieku – czyli “since 1700s”?]. Beech roots are exposed in the gullies through erosion. Wood cells in the tree rings divide into early wood and late wood and, after the roots are exposed, also start to make fewer cells. In the roots on the border between exposed and unexposed tree rings in the tree roots, scars sometimes occur. This is an effect produced by corrasion by dolomites and limestones lying under the loess cover and re-deposition of building material stored by people in the higher part of the gullies. These anatomical changes in root tree rings allow one to date erosion episodes. Dating of the exposure of roots indicates that intensive erosion took place in the gullies starting in the 1980s. Since that time, numerous extreme rainfall events responsible for initiating erosion have also occurred. They contribute to deepening valleys causing new incisions to develop on hillslopes and headcut retreat in upper parts of the valleys studied at theWysoczyna Proboszczowicka near Góra św. Anny. The bottom of the valley head eroded during extreme rainfall events in 1984 and 1991. Erosion here alternates with deposition, its speed being relatively small. Incisions in hill slopes retreated during the flood in 1997, but they originated during earlier rainfall episodes. Such incisions retreat 2.5–3 m/year, i.e., relatively fast.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
326--332
Opis fizyczny
wykr., bibliogr. 41 poz.
Twórcy
autor
- Uniwersytet Ol1ski, Wydział Nauk o Ziemi, ul. Będzińska 60, 41-200 Sosnowiec, irekgeo@wp.pl
Bibliografia
- ALESTALO J. 1971 - Dendrochronological interpretation of geomorphic processes. Fennia, 105: 1-140.
- BEAVIS S.G. 2000 - Structural controls on the orientation of erosion gullies in mid-western New South Wales, Australia. Geomorphology, 33: 59-72.
- BELYAEV V.R, WALLBRINK P.J., GOLOSOV V.N., MURRAY A.S. & SIDORCHUK A.YU. 2004 - Reconstructing the development of a gully in the Upper Kalaus basin, Stavropol region (southern Russia). Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 29: 323-341.
- BIELEC-BĄKOWSKA Z. 2002 - Zróżnicowanie przestrzenne i zmienność wieloletnia występowania burz w Polsce (1949-1998). Pr. Nauk. Uniwersytetu Śląskiego w Katowicach 2059. Katowice.
- BURKARD M. B. & KOSTASCHUK R. A. 1995 - Initiation and evolution of gullies along the shoreline of Lake Huron. Geomorphology, 14: 211-219.
- CASALÍ J., LÓPEZ J.J. & GIRÁLDEZ J. V. 1999 - Ephemeral gully erosion in southern Navarra (Spain). Catena, 36: 65-84.
- CARRARA P.E. & CARROLL T.R. 1979 - The determination of erosion rates from exposed tree roots in the Piceance basin. Colorado. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 4: 307-317.
- CHAPPELL A. 1999 - The limitations of using 137Cs for estimating soil redistribution in semi-arid environments. Geomorphology, 29: 135-152.
- CISZEWSKI D. & MALIK I. 2004 - The use of heavy metal concentrations and dendrochronology in the reconstruction of sediment accumulation, Mała Panew River Valley, southern Poland. Geomorphology, 58: 161-174.
- DABA S., RIEGER W. & STRAUSS P. 2003 -Assessment of gully erosion in eastern Ethiopia using photogrammetric techniques. Catena, 50: 273-291.
- DOTTERWEICH M., SCHMITT A., SCHMIDTCHEN G. & BORK H.R. 2003 - Quantifying historical gully erosion in northern Bavaria. Catena, 50: 135-150.
- FU B., CHEN L., MA K., ZHOU H.& WANG J. 2000 - The relationships between land use and soil conditions in the hilly area of the lśss plateau in northern Shaanxi, China. Catena, 39: 69-78.
- GÁBRIS G., KERTÉSZ Á. & ZÁMBÓ L. 2003 - Land use change and gully formation over the last 200 years in a hilly catchment. Catena, 50: 151-164.
- GÄRTNER H., SCHWEINGRUBER F.H. & DIKAU R. 2001 - Determination of erosion rates by structural changes in the growth pattern of exposed roots. Dendrochronology, 19: 81-91.
- HUPP C.R. 1990 - A dendrogeomorphic approach to estimating slope retreat, Maxey Flats, Kentucky. Geology, 18: 658-661.
- KLIMEK K. 1972 - Wyżyny Śląsko-Małopolskie. [W:] M., Klimaszewski Geomorfologia Polski t. 1. PWN.
- KLIMEK K. 2002 - Human-induced overbank sedimentation in the foreland of the eastern Sudety Mountains. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 27: 391-402.
- KONDRACKI J. 1994. - Geografia Polski. Mezoregiony fizyczno-geograficzne. PWN.
- KRĄPIEC M. & MARGIELEWSKI W. 2000 - Analiza dendrogeomorfologiczna ruchów masowych na obszarze polskich Karpat fliszowych. Kwart. AGH Kraków. Geologia, 26: 141-171.
- MAJEWSKI J. & GŁOWACKI H. 1977 - Szkice z dziejów Leśnicy. Instytut Śląski. Opole.
- MALDE H.E. & SCOTT A.G. 1976 - Observarions of contemporary arroyo cutting near Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 2: 39-54.
- MALIK I. 2002 - Rekonstrukcja tempa migracji bocznej koryta rzeki Małej Panwi na podstawie datowań drzew i kłód. Prz. Geol., 50: 454-457.
- MARTINEZ-CASASNOVAS J.A. 2003 - A spatial information technology approach for the mapping and quantification of gully erosion. Catena, 50: 293-308.
- NACHTERGAELE J. & POESEN J. 1999 -Assessment of soil losses by ephemeral gully erosion using high-altitude (stereo) aerial photographs. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 24: 693-706.
- NOGUERAS P., BURJACHS F., GALLART F. & PUIGDEFÀBREGAS J. 2000 - Recent gully erosion in the El Cautivo badlands (Tabernas, SE Spain). Catena, 40: 203-215.
- OOSTWOUD WIJDENES D.J., POESEN J., VANDEKERCKHOVE L. & GHESQUIERE M. 2000 - Spatial distribution of gully head activity and sediment supply along an ephemeral channel in a Mediterranean environment. Catena, 39: 147-167.
- PANIC I. 1992 - Historia osadnictwa w Księstwie Opolskim we wczesnym średniowieczu. Muzeum Śląskie. Katowice.
- RIES J.B. & MARZOLFF I. 2003 - Monitoring of gully erosion in the Central Ebro Basin by large-scale aerial photography taken from a remotely controlled blimp. Catena, 50: 329-352.
- RODZIK J., JANICKI G., ZAGÓRSKI P. & ZGLOBICKI W. 1998 - Deszcze nawalne na Wyżynie Lubelskiej i ich wpływ na rzeźbę obszarów lessowych. Dokumentacja Geograficzna, 11: 45-68.
- SCHWEINGRUBER F.M. 1988 - Tree rings. Basis and applications of dendrochronology. Reidel. Dodrecht.
- SCHWEINGRUBER F.M. 1996 - Tree rings and Environment. Dendroecology. Birminsdorf, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research. Haupt. Berne, Stuttgart, Vienna: 222-226.
- SHRODER JR. J.F. 1980 - Dendrogeomorphology: review and new techniques of tree-ring dating. Progress in Physical Geography, 4: 161-188.
- STANKOWIAŃSKI M. 2003 - historical evolution of permanent gullies in the Myjava Hill Land, Slovakia. Catena, 51: 223-240.
- STARKEL L. 2002 - Change in the frequency of extreme events as the indicator of climatic change in the Holocene (in fluvial system). Quaternary International, 91: 25-32.
- ŚNIESZKO Z. 1995 - Ewolucja obszarów lessowych Wyżyn Polskich w czasie ostatnich 15000 lat. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego. Katowice.
- THOMAS J.T., IVERSON N.R., BURKART M.R. & KRAMER L.A. 2004 -Long-term growth of a valley-bottom gully, western Iowa. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 29: 995-1009.
- VANDEKERCKHOVE L., POESEN J., OOSTWOUD WIJDENES D.J. & DE FIGUEIREDO T. 1998 - Topographical thresholds for ephemeral gully initiation in intensively cultivated areas of the Mediterranean. Geomorphology, 33: 271–292..
- VANDEKERCKHOVE L., MUYS B., POESEN J., DE WEERDT B. & COPPÉ N. 2001 - A method for dendrochronological assessment of medium-term gully erosion rates. Catena, 45: 123-161.
- VANDEKERCKHOVE L., POESEN J. & GOVERS G. 2003 - Medium-term gully headcut retreat rates in Southeast Spain determined from aerial photographs and ground measurements. Catena, 50: 309-328.
- ZIELSKI A. & KRĄPIEC M. 2004 - Dendrochronologia. PWN.
- ZYGMUNT E. 2004 - Archaeological and radiocarbon dating of alluvial fans as an indicator of prehistoric kolonization of the Glubczyce Plateau (Southwestern Poland). Geochronometria, 23: 101-107.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BUS2-0012-0002