Yak (Bos grunniens L.) grazing effects on vegetation of alpine meadow with Potentilla fruticosa L. (Rosaceae) shrub in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

• Autorzy: Qiao Y. , Wang Q. , Wang W.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Grazing can change plant community composition and structure, which may alter the functions of the shrub meadow ecosystem. Grazing effects on Potentilla fruticosa shrub community in the headwater region of the Yellow River, which is in core area of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, are studied to provide adequate protection decision-making. We investigated continuous grazing and seasonal enclosure effects on P. fruticosa shrub communities. Three sites of P. fruticosa shrub comprising both continuous grazing and seasonal enclosure treatments were selected. The size of each fenced plot of P. fruticosa shrub was about 3000 m2, the stocking rate was about 5 heads per 100 m2 in continuous grazing treatment. Three samplings were made in each growing season of 2003 and 2004. Cover of vegetation, plant species composition and vegetation height were investigated in seven 1 x 1 m quadrates in each treatment. Above-ground biomass was measured in five 0.5 x 0.5 m quadrates. Shrub, forb, graminoid and sedge plant materials were clipped at ground level and oven-dried at 85[degrees] C to a constant mass. Plant composition was affected by long term continuous grazing and changes were caused by forb species shifting. No apparent difference in species richness between the grazed and ungrazed communities over the growing months were found but the Shannon's diversity indices of the grazed communities in June and July were higher than that of the ungrazed but lower in the late August and September. Live vegetation cover was reduced by 6.7%, 7.3% and 11.5%, respectively, owing to grazing in July, August and September, but not in June (P> 0.05). Forbs took up more than 50% cover of the vegetation in both grazed and ungrazed treatments. Relative cover of sedges and forbs in ungrazed treatment decreased in July, August and September, while that of graminoids increased more than 70% in the same period. Live vegetation height was reduced by 27% (2004) and 23% (2003) in late August and early September, but not in early growing season. Grazing reduced total above-ground biomass by 35%, 37% and 36% in July, August and early September, respectively, and the reduction was mainly in forb biomass. Continuous grazing affects plant composition and species diversity. The quantitative characteristics of P. fruticosa communities were influenced by grazing over growing months, but the effects were offset by non-growing season grazing.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

alpine meadow; functional group; grazing; Qinghai-Tibet Plateau; seasonal enclosure; species composition

PL

grupa funkcyjne; połonina; sezonowe zamknięcie; skład gatunkowy; wypas; Wyżyna Tybetańska

• Wydawca: Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences
• Czasopismo: Polish Journal of Ecology
• Rocznik: 2009
• Tom: Vol. 57, nr 4
• Strony: 769--777
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 28 poz.,Rys., tab.,

Twórcy

autor

Qiao Y.

autor

Wang Q.

autor

Wang W.

• Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810001, China ; Department of Biological Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China ; Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China,

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