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Tytuł artykułu

The process zone around the tip of cracks in metal matrix composites

Wybrane pełne teksty z tego czasopisma
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
Some characteristics of the process zone developed around the tips of cracks as well as the fractography of the fracture surfaces constitute the subject of the present paper. The study was carried out using Scanning Electron Microscopy for the determination of the Crack Tip Opening Displacement, while numerical analysis and experimental results were combined for the determination of the J-integral. A modern particulate Metal Matrix Composite and its matrix alloy were used for the fabrication of relatively thin tensile specimens of two different types, i.e. single- and double-edge-notched. Dependence of the above quantities on the thickness of the specimen is detected: both the critical Crack Tip Opening Displacement and the critical J-integral are found to increase in an almost linear manner with thickness. For comparison, intact prismatic specimens were considered, in order to study the dependence of ductility and fracture on the thickness of the specimen. It is observed that they depend also on the specimen thickness in a similar manner. Variation of these two properties with the direction of the specimen with respect to the rolling axis is also detected, indicating the importance of the plastically induced anisotropy due to the manufacturing process. Concerning the mechanisms leading to failure, it is concluded that void coalescence is active although void nucleation due to the presence of particles appears to be unavoidable.
Rocznik
Strony
407--430
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 23 poz., fot., rys., wykr.
Twórcy
  • National Technical University of Athens, School of Applied Sciences, Department of Mechanics, Theocaris Building, Zografou Campus, GR 157-73 Athens, Hellas, stakkour@central.ntua.gr
Bibliografia
  • 1. H. M. WESTERGAARD, Bearing pressures and cracks, Transactions of the ASME, 61, A49-A53, 1939.
  • 2. G. R. IRWIN, Analysis of stresses and strains near the end of a crack transversing a plate, J. Appl. Mech., 24, 361-364, 1957.
  • 3. H. L. EWALDS, R. J. H. WANHILL, Fracture mechanics, Edward Arnold Publishers, London, 1985.
  • 4. J. L. BLUHM, A model for the effect of thickness on fracture toughness, ASTM Proc., 61, 1324-1331, 1961.
  • 5. J. L. SWEDLOW, The thickness effect and plastic flow in cracked plates. Aerospace Research Laboratories, Office of Aerospace Research, U.S. Air Force, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH, 1965.
  • 6. T. PARDOEN, Y. MARCHALL, F. DELLANNAY, Thickness dependence of cracking resistance in thin aluminium plates, J . Mech. Phys. Solids, 47, 2093- 2123, 1999.
  • 7. K. G. KREIDER, Introduction to metal matrix composites, [in:] Composite Materials, L. J. BROUTMAN and R . H. CROCK [Eds.]' vo!' 4 , chap. 1, Academic Press, New York, 1974.
  • 8. S. K. KOURKOULIS, The influence of cracks on the mechanical behaviour of particulate MMCs: an experimental study, Arch. Mech., 53, 439- 456, 2001.
  • 9. C. HENEss, L. CAN, Y. W. MAl, Effect of particle morphology on matrix constraint In metal matrix composites, 9th Int. Conf. of Fracture, Sydney, Australia, B. L. KARIHALOO [Ed.]' Pergamon Press, 1, 759- 765, New York 1997.
  • 10. J . R. RICE, A path independent integral and approximate analysis of strain concentration by notches and cracks, J. of Appl. Mech., 35, 379- 386, 1968.
  • 11 . J. R. RICE, Elastic - plastic models for stable crack growth, Proc. of the Conference on Mechanics and Mechanisms of Crack Growth, Churchill College, Cambridge, England, 14- 39, 1973.
  • 12. T. L ANDERSON, Fracture mechanics - fundamentals and applications, CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1995.
  • 13. C. F. SHIH, Relationships between the J-integral and the COD for stationary and extending cracks, J. Mech. Phys. of Solids, 29, 305- 326, 1981.
  • 14. B. OMIDVAR, M. P. WNUK, M. CHOROSZYNSKI, Relationship between the CTOD and the J-integral for stationary and growing cracks, Int. J. of Fracture, 87, 331- 343, 1997.
  • 15. A. SCHAPERY, Report MM5762-88-1, Texas A&M University, College Station TX, 1988.
  • 16. Particulate Metal Matrix Composite Processing Handbook, Issue 1, SP Metal Composites, Farnborough, England, 1991.
  • 17. S. K. KOURKOULlS, N. P. ANDRIANOPOULOS, Some Critical Aspects of the Mechanical Behaviour of Metal Matrix Composites, Proc. 1st Nat. Conf. on Composite Materials and Structures, 57- 71, S. A. PAIPETIS and E. E.GDOUTOS [Eds.]' Kyriakidis Brothers S.A., Xanthi, Greece, 1997.
  • 18. B. DODD, Workability of metals and MMCs, in particular Al-Li alloys and Al-based composites, Final technical Report of the EU project BREU-CT91-0398: BE4500-90, 50-51, 1994.
  • 19. C. F. SHIH, B. MORAN, T. NAKAMURA, Energy release rate along a three dimensional crack front in a thermally stressed body, Int. J. Fract., 30, 79- 102, 1986.
  • 20. A. ASSERIN-LEBERT, F. BRON, J. BESSON, A. F . GOURGUES, Rupture of 6056 aluminum sheet materials: Effect of sheet thickness on strain localization and toughness, Proc. ECF-14: Fracture Mechanics Beyond 2000, EMAS Publishing, Sheffield, England, 1, 97- 103, 2002.
  • 21. Fractography and materials science, ASTM-STP 733, 1981.
  • 22. S. K. KOURKOULIS, V. KYTOPOULOS, Experimental quantification of crack tip parameters for particulate metal matrix composites, Proc. of the 6th Congress of the Hellenic Association of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Thessaloniki, Hellas, 1,339- 347, 200l.
  • 23. S. K. KOURKOULlS, Quantifying the plastic anisotropy for particulate Metal Matrix Composites,
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BAT4-0002-0106
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