Changes in the flow and quality of water in the dam reservoir of the Mała Panew catchment (South Poland) characterized by multidimensional data analysis

Wiatkowski, Mirosław; Wiatkowska, Barbara

doi:10.24425/aep.2019.126339

Artykuł - szczegóły

Tytuł artykułu

Changes in the flow and quality of water in the dam reservoir of the Mała Panew catchment (South Poland) characterized by multidimensional data analysis

Autorzy

Wiatkowski Mirosław , Wiatkowska Barbara

Treść / Zawartość

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DOI

10.24425/aep.2019.126339

Warianty tytułu

Zmiany przepływów i jakości wód zbiornika zaporowego w zlewni rzeki Mała Panew (południowa Polska) określone z zastosowaniem wielowymiarowych analiz danych

Języki publikacji

Abstrakty

Multidimensional exploratory techniques, such as the Principal Component Analysis (PCA), have been used to analyze long-term changes in the flow regime and quality of water of the lowland dam reservoir Turawa (south-west Poland) in the catchment of the Mała Panew river (a tributary of the Odra). The paper proves that during the period of 1998–2016 the Turawa reservoir was equalizing the river’s water flow. Moreover, various physicochemical water quality indicators were analyzed at three measurement points (at the tributary’s mouth into the reservoir, in the reservoir itself and at the outflow from the reservoir). The water quality assessment was performed by analyzing physicochemical indicators such as water temperature, TSS, pH, dissolved oxygen, BOD₅, NH₄⁺, NOˉ₃, NOˉ₂, N, PO₄^3-, P, electrolytic conductivity, DS, SO₄^2- and Clˉ. Furthermore, the correlations between all these water quality indicators were analyzed statistically at each measurement point, at the statistical signifi cance level of p ≤ 0.05. PCA was used to determine the structures between these water quality variables at each measurement point. As a result, a theoretical model was obtained that describes the regularities in the relationships between the indicators. PCA has shown that biogenic indicators have the strongest infl uence on the water quality in the Mała Panew. Lastly, the differences between the averages of the water quality indicators of the infl owing and of the outflowing water were considered and their signifi cance was analyzed. PCA unveiled structure and complexity of interconnections between river flow and water quality. The paper shows that such statistical methods can be valuable tools for developing suitable water management strategies for the catchment and the reservoir itself.

Eksploracyjne techniki wielowymiarowe, takie jak analiza składowych głównych (PCA), zostały zastosowane w celu analizy wieloletnich (lata 1998-2016) zmian przepływów i jakości wód nizinnego zbiornika zaporowego Turawa (południowo-zachodnia Polska) w zlewni rzeki Mała Panew (dopływ rzeki Odry). W pracy wykazano, że w okresie 1998-2016 zbiornik Turawa w znacznym stopniu wyrównywał przepływy wód rzeki Mała Panew. Analizowano również wskaźniki fizykochemiczne jakości wód na trzech stanowiskach pomiarowych (dopływ do zbiornika, w zbiorniku i na odpływie ze zbiornika). Ocenę jakości wody wykonano analizując wskaźniki fizykochemiczne takie jak: temperaturę wody, zawiesinę ogólną, pH, tlen rozpuszczony,BOD₅, NH₄⁺, NOˉ₃, NOˉ₂, N, PO₄^3-, P, przewodność elektrolityczną, substancje rozpuszczone, siarczany SO₄^2- - i chlorki Clˉ. Analizie statystycznej poddano również związki korelacyjne pomiędzy wszystkimi wskaźnikami jakości wody na poszczególnych stanowiskach pomiarowych, istotne statystycznie na poziomie p<0,05. W celu wykrycia struktur zachodzących między wskaźnikami jakości wody na każdym stanowisku pomiarowym, zastosowano analizę składowych głównych (PCA) (Principal Components Analysis), w efekcie której otrzymano teoretyczny model opisujący prawidłowości w zależnościach między analizowanymi wskaźnikami jakości wód. Analiza składowych głównych (PCA) wykazała, że jakość wody rzeki Mała Panew najsilniej determinowały wskaźniki biogenne. Analizowano również istotność różnic między średnimi stężeniami wskaźników jakości wody dopływającej do zbiornika i wody odpływającej ze zbiornika. Na podstawie zastosowanych metod eksploracyjnej analizy danych możliwe było rozpoznanie struktur i złożoności powiązań zachodzących pomiędzy przepływami wód oraz wskaźnikami jakości wód w rzece Mała Panew. W pracy wykazano, że metody te mogą stanowić niezbędne narzędzie w zakresie podejmowania strategicznych decyzji i rozwiązań w zakresie racjonalnego gospodarowania wodą zarówno w zlewni zbiornika jak i w zbiorniku wodnym.

Słowa kluczowe

water reservoir river water flow water quality multidimensional data analysis principal component analysis PCA

zbiornik wodny rzeka przepływ wody jakość wody wielowymiarowa analiza danych analiza głównych składowych PCA

Wydawca

Institute of Environmental Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences

Czasopismo

Archives of Environmental Protection

Rocznik

2019

Tom

Vol. 45, no. 1

Strony

26--41

Opis fizyczny

Bibliogr. 60 poz., rys., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Wiatkowski Mirosław

miroslaw.wiatkowski@upwr.edu.pl

Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland, Institute of Environmental Engineering

autor

Wiatkowska Barbara

University of Opole, Poland, Department of Economic Geography and Spatial Management

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Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu w ramach umowy 509/P-DUN/2018 ze środków MNiSW przeznaczonych na działalność upowszechniającą naukę (2019).

Typ dokumentu

Bibliografia

Identyfikator YADDA

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