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Impact of genetically modified maize on the genetic diversity of rhizosphere bacteria: a two-years study in Slovakia

Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
Nowadays, genetically modified plants are cultivated in many countries and it is important to consider their safety for surrounding environment. So, the environmental risk assessments of genetically modified plants are evaluated. This assessment consists of an objective evaluation of risk and involves generating; collecting and assessing of information on a GM plant with the aim to determine its impact on human or animal health and the environment relative to non-genetically modified organisms. One of the numerous methods used to investigate the impact of GM plants on the environment is the Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism. This method was used for comparison of genetic variation in populations of bacteria isolated from rhizosphere of genetically modified maize MON810 carrying the gene cry1Ab and genetically non-modified maize. Rhizosphere samples were collected in Slovakia during two years (2008, 2009) in July and September and 16S rRNA gene was amplified from metagenomic DNA using universal eubacterial primers. Differences in the number of terminal restriction fragments between control and GM maize hybrids were not detected. Additionally, variation within bacterial communities composition from rhizosphere of MON810 and non-GM hybrids was not observed, nevertheless negligible differences in composition of bacterial community were observed between two sampling periods (July and September). These changes were observed in non-GM as well as in GM maize hybrids and reflected effects of environment and conditions, no influence of genetic modification. The 16S rDNA clone library creation from rhizosphere sample of MON810 maize followed by DNA sequencing revealed that the Proteobacteria were major group of bacteria and Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Chloroflexi were less represented. This study did not confirm any changes in the soil ecosystem, which would have been larger than normal variations caused by external conditions.
Rocznik
Strony
67--76
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 26 poz., il.
Twórcy
  • Plant Production Research Centre, Plant Production Research Institute, Bratislavská cesta 122, SK-921 68 Piešťany, Slovak Republic
autor
  • Plant Production Research Centre, Plant Production Research Institute, Bratislavská cesta 122, SK-921 68 Piešťany, Slovak Republic
  • Institute of High Mountain Biology, University of Žilina, Tatranská Javorina 7, SK-059 56 Tatranská Javorina, Slovak Republic
autor
  • Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina B-2, SK-842 15 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
  • Plant Production Research Centre, Plant Production Research Institute, Bratislavská cesta 122, SK-921 68 Piešťany, Slovak Republic
autor
  • Plant Production Research Centre, Plant Production Research Institute, Bratislavská cesta 122, SK-921 68 Piešťany, Slovak Republic
  • Department of Biotechnology, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, Nám. J. Herdu 2, SK-917 01 Trnava, Slovak Republic
  • Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina B-2, SK-842 15 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
Bibliografia
  • 1. Avaniss-Aghajani E., Jones K., Chapman D., Brunk C. 1994 – A molecular technique for identification of bacteria using small subunit ribosomal RNA sequences – BioTechniques, 17: 144–149.
  • 2. Avanis-Aghajani E., Jones K., Holtzman A., Aronson T., Glover N., Boian M., Froman S., Brunk C.F. 1996 – Molecular technique for rapid identification of mycobacteria - J. Clin. Microbiol. 37: 98–102.
  • 3. Baumgarte S., Tebbe C.C. 2005 – Field studies on the environmental fate of the Cry1Ab Bttoxin produced by transgenic maize (MON810) and its effect on bacterial communities in the maize rhizosphere – Mol. Ecol. 14: 2539–2551.
  • 4. Blackwood C.B., Buyer J.S. 2004 – Soil microbial communities associated with Bt and non-Bt corn in three soils – J. Environ. Qual. 33: 832–836.
  • 5. Dohrmann A.B., Küting M., Jünemann S., Jaenicke S., Schlüter A., Tebbe C.C. 2013 – Importance of rare taxa for bacterial diversity in the rhizosphere of Bt- and conventional maize varieties – ISME J. 7: 37–49.
  • 6. Donegan K.K., Palm C.J., Fieland V.J., Porteous L.A., Ganio L.M., Schaller D.L., Bucao L.Q., Seidler R.J. 1995 – Changes in levels, species, and DNA fingerprints of soil microorganisms associated with cotton expressing the Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki endotoxin – Appl. Soil Ecol. 2: 111–124.
  • 7. Donegan K.K., Seidler R.J., Fieland V.J., Schaller D.L., Palm C.J., Ganio L.M., Cardwell D.M., Steinberger Y. 1997 – Decomposition of genetically engineered tobacco under field conditions: Persistence of the proteinase inhibitor I product and effects on soil microbial respiration and protozoa, nematode and microarthropod populations – J. Appl. Ecol. 34: 767–777.
  • 8. Dunfield K.E., Germida J.J. 2003 – Seasonal changes in the rhizosphere microbial communities associated with field-grown genetically modified canola (Brassica napus) – Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69: 7310–7318.
  • 9. Dunfield K.E., Germida J.J. 2004 – Impact of genetically modified crops on soil and plant associated microbial communities – J. Environ. Qual. 33: 806–815.
  • 10. Edwards U., Rogall T., Blöcker H., Emde M., Böttger E.C. 1989 – Isolation and direct complete nucleotide determination of entire genes: characterization of a gene coding for 16S ribosomal RNA – Nucleic Acids Res. 17: 7843–7853.
  • 11. Fang M., Kremer R.J., Motavalli P.P., Davis G. 2005 – Bacterial diversity in rhizospheres of nontransgenic and transgenic corn - Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71: 4132–4136.
  • 12. Griffiths B.S., Caul S., Thompson J., Birch A.N.E., Scrimgeour C., Cortet J., Foggo A., Hackett C.A., Krogh P.H. 2006 – Soil microbial and faunal community responses to Bt maize and insecticide in two soils – J. Environ. Qual. 35: 734–741.
  • 13. Gruber H., Paul V., Meyer H.D.M., Müller M. 2012 – Determination of insecticidal Cry1Ab protein in soil collected in the final growing seasons of a nine-year field trial of Bt-maize MON810 – Transgenic Res. 21: 77–88.
  • 14. Hirsch P.R., Mauchlinea T.H., Clarka I.M. 2010 – Culture-independent molecular techniques for soil microbial ecology – Soil Biol. Biochem. 42: 878–887.
  • 15. Icoz I., Saxena D., Andow D., Zwahlen C., Stotzky G. 2007 – Microbial populations and enzyme activities in soil in situ under transgenic corn expressing Cry proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis – J. Environ. Qual. 37: 647–662.
  • 16. Icoz I., Stotzky G. 2008 – Fate and effects of insect-resistant Bt crops in soil ecosystems – Soil Biol. Biochem. 40: 559–586.
  • 17. Liu W.T., Marsh T.L., Cheng H., Forney L.J. 1997 – Characterization of microbial diversity by determining Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms of genes encoding 16S rRNA – Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63: 4516–4522.
  • 18. Liu B., Zeng Q., Yan F., Xu H., Xu C. 2005 - Effects of transgenic plants on soil microorganisms - Plant Soil, 271: 1–13.
  • 19. Lynch J. 1994 – The rhizosphere – form and function – Appl. Soil Ecol. 1: 193–198.
  • 20. Muyzer G., Teske A., Wirsen C.O. 1995 - Phylogenetic relationships of Thiomicrospira species and their identification in deep-sea hydrothermal vent samples by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of 16S rDNA fragments - Arch. Microbiol. 164: 165–172.
  • 21. Oliveira A.P., Pampulha M.E., Bennett J.P. 2008 – A two-year field study with transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis maize: Effects on soil microorganisms – Sci. Total Environ. 405: 351–357.
  • 22. Prischl M., Hackl E., Pastar M., Pfeiffer S., Sessitsch A. 2012 – Genetically modified Bt maize lines containing cry3Bb1, cry1A105 or cry1Ab2 do not affect the structure and functioning of root-associated endophyte communities – Appl. Soil Ecology, 54: 39–48.
  • 23. Saxena D., Flores S., Stotzky G. 1999 – Transgenic plants: Insecticidal toxin in root exudates from Bt corn – Nature, 402: 480.
  • 24. Saxena D., Flores S., Stotzky G. 2002 – Bt toxin is released in root exudates from 12 transgenic corn hybrids representing three transformation events – Soil Biol. Biochem. 34: 133–137.
  • 25. Torsvik V., Goksøyr J., Daae F.L. 1990 – High diversity in DNA of soil bacteria – Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 56: 782–787.
  • 26. Vincze T., Posfai J., Roberts R.J. 2003 – NEBcutter: a program to cleave DNA with restriction enzymes – Nucleic Acids Res. 31: 3688–3691.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-3c6ef777-01f7-4665-9d7c-271d9330cf08
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