Tytuł artykułu
Treść / Zawartość
Pełne teksty:
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
Public open spaces (POS) are an integral part of the built-up area. They provide a platform for local as well as foreign visitors for recreation, socialization, and stimulation in a diverse environment. POS is a site with unique and attractive geological, geomorphological, landscape and socio-cultural environments are used for geotourism development. This paper discusses the development of geotourism in public open spaces in Pokhara Metropolitan City (PMC) and analyzes the perception of visitors towards the provisions of the particular POS. This study has applied an exploratory research design while primary information was obtained from a field observation with a checklist and patch visitors’ related records from POS. Similarly, visitors’ opinions were obtained through a structured questionnaire. Out of 277 public open spaces so far mapped in PMC, more than 70 patches have a potential for geotourism development and, 18 public open spaces are developed as sites of geotourism. However, only seven of them are managed systematically with the provision of formal institutions collecting revenue from visitors’ entry fees. Regarding the visitor’s satisfaction towards the development and facilities, about 23% of visitors are highly satisfied and another 38% are satisfied. Patches described as highly satisfied are more developed and have more visitors. The annual revenue of these seven POS also confirms that proper development of other POS as geotourism destinations, will further contribute to the economic prosperity of PMC. Moreover, its surrounding areas will have higher prospects of developing as global geopark.
Słowa kluczowe
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
55--69
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 29 poz., tab., wykr., zdj.
Twórcy
autor
- Department of Geography, Prithvi Narayan Campus, Tribhuvan University, Pokhara, Nepal
autor
- Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal
Bibliografia
- [1] Allan P. & Bryant M., 2010. The critical role of open space in earthquake recovery: A case study. New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering (NZSEE) conference (2010, Nueva Zelandia). https://db.nzsee.org.nz/2010/Paper34.pdf.
- [2] Alle E., 2012. Spatial, temporal and social dimensions of the landscape influenced by contemporary art. Science – Future of Lithuania, 4(2): 176–187. https://doi.org/10.3846/mla.2012.31.
- [3] Arouca Declaration, 2011. Arouca, Portugal. www.europeangeoparks.org/?p=223.
- [4] Balogh P.I. & Takács D., 2011. The significance of urban open spaces and green areas in urban property developments. First International Conference “Horticulture and Landscape Architecture in Transylvania”, 110–121. http://193.16.218.138/acta-agrenv/Supl2011/11_Balogh.pdf.
- [5] Blaikie N.W.H., 2000. Designing Social Research: The Logic of Anticipation. Cambridge: Polity Press.
- [6] Carmona M. & Wunderlich F., 2013. Capital Spaces: The Multiple Complex Public Spaces of a Global City. Routledge: London. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203118856.
- [7] Carmona M., Tiesdell S., Heath T. & Oc T., 2010. Public Places – Urban Spaces: The Dimensions of Urban Design (Second ed.). Architectural Press: Amsterdam etc.
- [8] Chitrakar R.M., 2016. Meaning of public space and sense of community: The case of new neighborhoods in Kathmandu Valley. International Journal of Architectural Research, 10(1): 213–227. http://doi. org/10.26687/archnet-ijar.v10i1.807.
- [9] Das P.K., 2013. Open Mumbai: Re-envisioning The City and Its Open Space. https://www.thenatureofcities.com/2013/08/18/open-mumbaire-envisioning-the-city-and-its-open-spaces [accessed: 2025.05.13].
- [10] Dowling R.K., 2013. Global geotourism – An emerging form of sustainable tourism. Czech Journal of Tourism, 2(2): 59–79. http://doi.org/10.2478/cjot-2013-0004.
- [11] Francis M., 2003. Urban Open Space: Designing for User Needs. Island Press: Washington, DC.
- [12] Gehl J., 2011. Life Between Buildings: Using Public Space (transl. by Koch J.). Island Press: Washington, DC.
- [13] Ghimire D.R. (ed.), 2016. Nepal tourism statistics 2016. Government of Nepal, Ministry of Culture, Tourism & Civil Aviation, Evaluation Division, Research & Statistical Section: Kathmandu. https://www.hotelassociationnepal.org.np/pdf/Nepal%20Tourism%20statistics%202016.pdf.
- [14] Gilbert C. & Landsem A., 2023. Assessment of the development of geotourism and ecotourism in the Pokhara Valley, Nepal. Journal of Tourism and Himalayan Adventures, 5(01): 16–35. http://doi.org/10.3126/jtha.v5i01.56174.
- [15] Kaplan R., 1985. The analysis of perception via preference: Astrategy for studying how the environment is experienced. Landscape Planning, 12(2): 161–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3924(85)90058-9.
- [16] Kaplan R., 2001. The nature of the view from home: Psychological benefits. Environment & Behavior, 33(4): 507–542. https://doi.org/10.1177/00139160121973115.
- [17] Klaiber H.A. & Phaneuf D.J., 2010. Valuing open space in a residential sorting model of the Twin Cities. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 60(2): 57–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2010.05.002.
- [18] Leiper N., 1995. Tourism Management. TAFE Publications: Collingwood, Vic.
- [19] Newsome D. & Dowling, R.K. (eds), 2010. Geotourism: The Tourism of Geology and Landscape. Goodfellow Publishers: Oxford.
- [20] Ozguner H. & Kendle A.D., 2006. Public attitudes towards naturalistic versus design landscapes in the city of Sheffield (UK). Landscape and Urban Planning, 74(2): 139–157.
- [21] Pokharel R.P., 2020. Visitors’ perception and their experience of public open space of Bhadrakali premises in Pokhara, Kaski, Nepal. Jjis – Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 9(1): 159–172. https://doi.org/10.3126/jjis.v9i1.35285.
- [22] Pokharel R.P. & Khanal N.R., 2018. Open space: Typology and distribution in Pokhara Lekhnath Metropolitan city. The Geographical journal of Nepal, 11: 25–44.
- [23] UN-Habitat, 2018. Developing Public Space and Land Values in Cities and Neighborhoods. Discussion paper. https://unhabitat.org/sites/default/files/download-manager-files/Discussion%20Paper%20-%20Developing%20Public%20Space%20and%20Land%20Values%20in%20Cities%20and%20Neighbourhoods.pdf.
- [24] Upadhyay P., 2019. Tourism policy of Nepal and sustainable mountain tourism development in retrospect. The Gaze: Journal of Tourism and Hospitality, 10(1): 37–50. https://doi.org/10.3126/gaze.v10i1.22776.
- [25] Vienna! ahead. Urban Development, City of Vienna, n.d. Thematic Concept: Green and Open Spaces. https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&-source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://www.digital.wienbibliothek.at/download/pdf/4007777.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwjBqq_2lqCNAxUUQlUIHc5WPb0QFnoECCAQAQ&usg=AOvVaw0RQpOKRdbwLoJOKd-iljEH.
- [26] Villanueva K., Badland H., Hooper P., Koohsri M.J., Mavoa S., Davern M., Roberts R., Goldfeld S. & Giles-Corti B., 2015. Developing indicators of public open space to promote health and wellbeing in communities. Applied Geography, 57: 112–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2014.12.003.
- [27] Xu K. & Wu W., 2022. Geoparks and Geotourism in China: A Sustainable Approach to Geoheritage Conservation and local development – A Review. Land, 11(9): 1493. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11091493.
- [28] Ward Thompson C., 2002. Urban open space in the 21st century. Landscape and Urban Planning, 60(2): 59–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(02)00059-2.
- [29] Zukin S., 1995. The Cultures of Cities. Basil Blackwell: Oxford.
Uwagi
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa nr POPUL/SP/0154/2024/02 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki II" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2025).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-30de8440-6b4a-4f69-a1d8-c8c2f345d82c
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.