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Based on a seven step sequential extraction procedure, available and potentially available fractions of zinc in agricultural soils classified to black earths (gleyic chernozems) being under conventional soil management were separated, it was found that zinc is present mostly in non available fractions and the content of labile zinc is scant. The total contents of Zn ranged from 22.7 to 221.0 mg/kg. The exchangeable Zn was low accounting for less than 7% of the total in most soils. Zinc availability is restricted due to fixation of metal to soil components: iron oxides and organic matter. Zinc was also found in significant amounts in residual fraction, which refers to metal tightly bound in crystal lattice of primary minerals. The study shows that in majority of analyzed soils, available zinc is below the deficit limit. It is necessary to recognize the scale of the problem due to possible application of Zn fertilizer.
Słowa kluczowe
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Tom
Strony
181--188
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 21 poz., tab., rys.
Twórcy
autor
- Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, UTP University of Science and Technology in Bydgoszcz, Ul. Bernardynska 6, Bydgoszcz; 85-029, Poland
autor
- Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, UTP University of Science and Technology in Bydgoszcz, Ul. Bernardynska 6, Bydgoszcz; 85-029, Poland
autor
- Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, UTP University of Science and Technology in Bydgoszcz, Ul. Bernardynska 6, Bydgoszcz; 85-029, Poland
Bibliografia
- [1] BRAGATO G., LEITA L., FIGLIOLIA A., NOBILI M., Effect of sewage sludge pretreatment on microbial biomass and bioavailability of heavy metals, Soil Till. Res., 1998, 46, 129.
- [2] NORVELL W.A., DĄBKOWSKA-NASKRĘT H., CARY E.E., Effect of phosphorus and zinc fertilization on the solubility of Zn in two alkaline soils, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 1987, 51 (3), 584.
- [3] MARSCHNER H., Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants, 2nd Ed., Academic, London 1995.
- [4] CAKMAK I., Role of zinc in protecting cells from reactive oxygen species, New Phytol., 2000, 146, 185.
- [5] MORTVEDT J.J., COX F.R., SHUMAN L.M., WELCH R.M., Micronutrients in Agriculture, Soil Science Society of America Book Series, Madison, Wisconsin, 1991, 427.
- [6] WELCH R.M., GRAHAM R.D., Breeding for micronutrients in staple food crops from a human nutrition perspectives, J. Exp. Bot., 2004, 55, 353.
- [7] IUSS Working Group, World Reference Base for Soil Resources 2006, World Soil Resources Reports No. 103, Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome 2007.
- [8] HENDERSHOT W.H., DUQUETTE M., A simple barium chloride method for determining cation exchange capacity and exchangeable cations, Soil. Sci. Soc. Am. J., 1985, 50 (3), 605.
- [9] CROCK J.G., SEVERSON R.C., Four reference soil and rock samples for measuring element availability in the western energy regions, Geol. Survey Circular, 1980, 841, 1.
- [10] LINDSAY W.L., NORVELL W.A., Development of DTPA soil test for zinc, iron, manganese and copper, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 1978, 42, 421.
- [11] MILLER W.P., MARTENS D.C., ZELAZNY L.W., Effect of sequence in extraction of metals from soils, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 1986, 50, 598.
- [12] DĄBKOWSKA-NASKRĘT H., DŁUGOSZ J., JAWORSKA H., KOBIERSKI M., MALCZYK P., BARTKOWIAK A., RÓŻAŃSKI S., Variability of zinc contents in surface horizons of soils from the eastern part of the Wielkopolska lake district, Pol. J. Environ. Studies, 2006, 15 (2a), 52.
- [13] CZARNOWSKA K., Total content of heavy metals in parent rocks as reference background levels of soil, Soil Sci. Annual. Suppl., 1996, 47, 43.
- [14] TERELAK H., MOTOWICKA-TERELAK M., STUCZYŃSKI T., PIETRUCH C., Trace elements (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) in agricultural soils of Poland, Instytut Ochrony Środowiska, Warsaw 2000 (in Polish).
- [15] Council of the European Communities, Council Directive of 12 June 1986 on the protection of the environment, and in particular of the soil when sewage sludge is used in agriculture 1986, Off. J. Eur. Commun., 6–12, No. L181.
- [16] ALLOWAY B.J., Zinc in soils and crop nutrition, Int. Zinc Assoc., IZA Publications, Brussels 2004.
- [17] FRANZLUEBBERS A.J., HONS F.M., Soil-profile distribution of primary and secondary plant. Available nutrients under conventional and no tillage, Soil Till. Res., 1996, 39, 229.
- [18] LI B.Y., ZHON D.M., CANG L., ZHANG H.L., FAN X.H. Soil micronutrient availability to crops as affected by long term inorganic and organic fertilizer applications, Soil Til. Res., 2007, 96, 166.
- [19] MCBRIDE M., Reactions controlling heavy metals mobility in soils, Adv. Soil Sci., 1989, 10, 1.
- [20] SHUMAN L.M., Effects of organic matter on the distribution of manganese, copper, iron and zinc in soil fractions, Soil Sci., 1980, 146, 192.
- [21] DĄBKOWSKA-NASKRĘT H., The role of organic matter in association with zinc in selected arable soils from Kujawy Region, Poland, Org. Geochem., 2003, 34, 645.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-22e032c1-fc17-4e72-af28-be098056ca51