Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Kryteria oceny uszkodzenia drzewostanów bukowych

100%

Dmyterko E.

|

nr 09

31-45

2

Zagrożenie lasów Polski na podstawie modelu ryzyka uszkodzenia drzewostanu przez wiatr

75%

Dmyterko E. , Mionskowski M. , Bruchwald A.

|

tom 159

|

nr 05

EN

On the basis of the wind damage risk model for forests using the data of the State Forests Information System, the stand damage risk factor Wr for each of the 430 forest districts in Poland and the threat measure Ms for a given forest district were determined. The measure of threat to forest Ms for a forest district is a methodical basis for assessing the potential damage to forests in Poland. Its value ranges from 8.1% for the Brzózka Forest District to 48.9% for the Ujsoły Forest District (fig. 1), giving the average value of 24.6% and standard deviation of 7.03%. The measure Ms was the basis for differentiating the levels of threat of wind damage to forest for forest districts. Level 1 (Ms 10%) indicates low threat, level 2 (10%Ms 20%) – elevated threat, level 3 (20%Ms 30%) – moderate threat, level 4 (30%Ms 40%) – high threat, level 5 (Ms 40%) – very high threat. Low threat to forests was found only in two forest districts located in the western part of the country. 113 forest districts, which form large concentrations particularly in western and central Poland, are exposed to an elevated threat. Most forest districts (233) are classified to a group of moderate threat. They are located across the country and are mostly concentrated in the northern and southern regions of Poland. 71 forest districts exposed to high threat are concentrated in the south of Poland in the Carpathians and the Sudetes, with scattered presence in the north of the country. Most of the 11 forest districts with a very high threat to forests are located in the mountains (tab., fig. 1). For the forest districts with a particularly high and very high threat, new silvicultural procedures and the basis for decision making in the field of forest management should be developed to reduce the risk of damage to forest.

3

Drzewostanowa metoda okreslania uszkodzenia jodly

75%

Dmyterko E. , Bruchwald A.

|

tom 152

|

nr 05

26-33

4

Zagospodarowanie i przebudowa swierczyn uszkodzonych przez imisje przemyslowe w Sudetach

75%

Ceitel J. , Szymanski S. , Zientarski J.

|

tom 56

15-20

5

Degradacja lasów masywu Skrzycznego /Beskid Śląski/ i jej związek z orografią terenu

75%

Troll M.

|

nr 07

87-92

6

Stopień uszkodzenia przez jeleniowate drzewostanów bukowych pierwszej klasy wieku na terenie Nadleśnictwa Leśny Dwór

75%

Gorecki T. , Matusiak T. , Zefert L.

|

nr 2

7

Krajowy program monitoringu stanu lasu w Polsce

75%

Zornaczuk A.

|

nr 4[14]

41-50

8

Metody okreslania stopnia uszkodzenia drzewostanow bukowych i ich weryfikacja

75%

Dmyterko E. , Bruchwald A.

|

nr 05

49-60

9

Metodyka okreslania stopnia uszkodzenia drzewostanow sosnowych przez imisje przemyslowe

75%

Dmyterko E.

|

1994

|

nr 778-782

127-155

10

Urządzanie i monitoring lasu a ustalanie stref uszkodzenia lasu i stopni uszkodzenia drzewostanów

75%

Golojuch P. , Beker C.

|

nr 01

EN

In years 1970−2002, in Poland forest damage zones were distinguished within the framework of forest management works. Since 2003 degrees of stand damage have been determined. This study presents basic characteristics of the methods employed for these purposes concerning the necessity to elaborate a new method of determination of degrees of stand damage. The establishment of forest damage zones and degrees of stand damage cannot be treated as one of the forms of monitoring because in order to determine their range, no observations on the permanent plots and – within their confines – on the same sample trees were and are carried out. Over the time, evaluation criteria or/and ways of establishment of the extent of damages have been undergoing considerable and significant methodological changes and modifications. In terms of dynamically altering quantitative and qualitative impact of different factors affecting forest environment, 10 years period of observation repeatability is far too long to use this information as an indicator of occurring changes. In practice, it was and it still is impossible to determine objectively trends and directions of changes taking place in a given object, which is one of the objectives of forest monitoring. The concept of damage zone should be understood not only as an area of grouping the stands of the same or similar damage, but, equally importantly, as those which happen to be under the influence of the same factor exerting its influence at the same level. Therefore, when determining the range of zones, the following three actions should be taken into consideration simultaneously: complex crown evaluation, dendrometric measurements and monitoring of the effect of the causative agent. In order to trace the trends of the changes on the study plots, the same sample trees must be subjected to evaluations and measurements. From the point of view of the time perspective, exam− inations should be carried out every 5 years (assessment of the crown condition and dendrometric measurements) or on a continuous basis (monitoring of the effect of the causative agent) irrespective of the forest taxation. It is also advisable to consider possible use of contemporary remote sensing techniques to determine the range of zones and degrees of damage, which preliminary can be used to establish the range, intensity and kind of the damages.

11

Stochastyczny model określania miąższości złomów, wywrotów i posuszu

75%

Bruchwald A. , Dmyterko E.

|

nr 04

EN

The most recent version of the wind damage risk model was published in 2012. The model is based on eleven stand characteristics of which stand damage that occurred in the last decade is among the most important ones. It is expressed as the volume of wood obtained from wind−broken and wind−thrown trees as well as of deadwood. Not taking this feature into consideration would undermine the value of this damage risk factor. In the study, the material contained in the database of the State Forests Information System was used to develop a model for calculating the volume of wood obtained from wind−broken and wind−thrown trees as well as of deadwood. This allowed to apply the stand damage risk model to determine, inter alia, the risk of damage in a multi−variant forecast of timber resources.

12

Krajobraz po klęsce

63%

Gracjasz M.

|

nr 05

13

Wielkopowierzchniowa metoda okreslania stopnia uszkodzenia drzewostanow debowych i bukowych

63%

Dmyterko E. , Bruchwald A.

|

2000

|

nr 3[900-904]

17-33

14

Dofinansowanie po sierpniowej nawałnicy

63%

Drwal. Pismo Przedsiębiorców Leśnych

|

2017

|

nr 11

15

Ocena rębni gniazdowej na podstawie drzewostanów uszkodzonych w lasach nizinnych Polski

63%

Lukaszewicz J. , Niemczyk M. , Dmyterko E. , Bruchwald A.

|

nr 01

EN

The paper compares the proportion of damaged stands managed under group cutting system (group clear cutting and group shelterwood cutting) with the analogous stands where cuts had not been performed. The empirical material came from the database of the State Forests Information System and covered all forest districts located in Polish lowlands. To evaluate the group cutting a test of differences between the fractions of the elements distinguished in the population was used. The first population involved sawtimber stands in which no group cuts had been per− formed in the past decade. The number of damaged stands was determined for this population and their percentage share was established. A similar procedure was applied to the second pop− ulation of stands in which the group cutting was employed. A damaged stand was assumed to be one in which the volume of windbroken and windfallen trees and deadwood harvested in the past 10 years exceeded the volume set in the given for− mula (1). The performed analysis shows that after several years, the proportion of damaged stands in which gaps were established is significantly higher (57.2%) than in the stands without cut patches (32.9%). Stands with patches demonstrate a significant, statistically greater suscep− tibility to damage from abiotic and biotic factors. The proportion of damaged stands managed under the group shelterwood cutting (60%) is larger than that under the group clear cutting (55.4%). Spruce is the most vulnerable to damage, while alder − the least vulnerable. On average, the higher proportion of damaged forests, mainly pine and oak forests is in the territory of the Bialystok Regional Directorate of the State Forests (RDSF) (tab. 2) being lower in the territory of the Warsaw RDSF where damaged pine stands are more frequent (tab. 3). In areas with a high probability of damage to stands group cut should be limited, and in spruce stands – totally abandoned. Time regimes should also be established applying the group cutting by shortening the period of reconstruction of the entire forest stand.

16

Jakie zanieczyszczenia powietrza zagrazaja lasom beskidzkim ?

63%

Godzik S. , Staszewski T. , Szdzuj J.

Trybuna Leśnika

|

1995

|

nr 02

6-7

17

Ryzyko powstawania szkód w drzewostanach poszczególnych nadleśnictw Polski

63%

Bruchwald A. , Dmyterko E.

|

tom 156

|

nr 01

18

Wzrost drzew gatunkow domieszkowych w drzewostanach swierkowych uszkodzonych przez okisc sniezna w Beskidach

63%

Zawada J.

|

tom 31

23-31

19

Nowy wariant modelu ryzyka uszkodzenia drzewostanu przez wiatr

63%

Dmyterko E. , Bruchwald A.

|

nr 08

EN

The paper presents a new variant of the wind damage risk model for forest stands in view of its application in the forests under private ownership. It was based on the following characteristics: average height, age and slenderness of the main tree species, stand density index, species composition, forest habitat type, as well as stand location in the region of the country and the volume of windbreaks, windfalls and deadwood in previous years. The latter characteristic in the new model variant is generated by the stand damage model. The new wind damage risk model variant determines the risk factor for individual stands ranging from 0 to 3. A higher value of the factor indicates a higher wind damage risk for the stand. The verification of the model was performed using the forest data from two counties (powiat) situated in the Podkarpackie Province. The wind damage risk factors obtained from the model are shown on numerical maps.

20

Stopien uszkodzenia drzewostanow Parku Narodowego Gor Stolowych

63%

Borecki T. , Wojcik R.

|

1996

167-171