Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Ontologia czasu nieliniowego dla opisu rzeczywistości ekonomicznej

100%

Mach-Król M.

Informatyka Ekonomiczna

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2014

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nr 1(31)

69-76

EN

The paper concerns the question of establishing such a time ontology that would enable to depict in a precise manner changes in discontinuous, turbulent environment of enterprises. It is necessary if one wants to build a temporal analytical model of this environment, capable of indicating the most important changes, their reasons, directions and effects, as well as their influence on enterprise’s operations. It is indispensable to take into account the features of the environment being analyzed, and to properly adjust the ontology of time. In the paper an ontology of time is proposed, that is well suited to depicting and analyzing the turbulent economic environment of an enterprise. The main aim of the paper is to analyze the specific features of economic realm, which determine the time structure, and to present a proposal of time ontology suited for economic analyses.

2

Links between Land Use Change, Land Surface Temperature and Partridge Distribution – An Analysis of Environmental Factors

88%

El Fallah K. , Ouhakki H. , Adiba A. , El Kharrim K. , Belghyti D.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2024

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tom Vol. 25, iss. 1

260--275

EN

The purpose of this research was to investigate the intricate connections among land use change, land surface temperature, and the distribution of partridges (Alectoris barbara), employing a comprehensive analysis of various environmental factors. Indeed, a variety of geospatial techniques have been used to analyze the spatio-temporal trends in temperature as a function of different classes of vegetation cover, and the geographic distribution of ecological niches for this species in Meknes province was modeled using Maxent 3.2 (Maximum Entropy) software. The study spanned a 22-year timeframe, from 2000 to 2021, during which alterations in each land use category were identified through the utilization of various sensors, incorporating Landsat 7 ETM+ and Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS in the analysis. The results induced a significant change in the land surface temperature (LST) with a range of 15.85–36.20°C, 12.76–38.24°C and 25.73–47.79°C for the years 2000, 2010 and 2020, respectively. However, this change was negatively correlated with the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). This decline in vegetation, in turn, manifests as a significant factor contributing to the diminution of partridge distribution. By empirically establishing these connections, the research not only underscores the impact of temperature-induced vegetation changes on partridge habitat but also enhances comprehension of the intricate ecological dynamics governing species distribution in the context of evolving land use patterns.

3

Temporal analysis of the traffic accidents occurrence in province of Vojvodina

75%

Bačkalić S.

Transport Problems

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2013

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tom T. 8, z. 1

87--93

EN

In the analysis of a different process or events it is necessary to position them in the coordinate system space-time. Space analysis is an easily understandable and less abstract method, so this is one of the reasons why it is more often subject of research. Genesis of traffic accidents can be viewed as a continuous random process and as such, regardless of the accidents happening in the real world, it must be viewed with a temporal aspect. This kind of analysis is important especially if we know that we are making decision and do in time. The main idea of this paper is to cross the number of traffic accidents with killed and injured in Province of Vojvodina (period 2001-2009) from different time aspect and try to identify for example critical day and hour, or month and day. After this analysis this results are inputs for visualization and time maps. Basic aim of this paper is to emphasize and show temporal analysis as a method for visualization and searching specified patterns in time for decision making process.

PL

W analizach różnych procesów lub wydarzeń konieczne jest umieszczenie ich w skoordynowanym systemie przestrzeń −czas. Analizy przestrzeni są łatwe do zrozumienia i są metodą mniej abstrakcyjną, więc jest to jednym z powodów tego, że częściej są obiektem badań. Geneza wypadków w ruchu może być widziana jako ciągły, przypadkowy proces i bez względu na rodzaj wypadku, musi być tu rozpatrywany jako aspekt czasowy. Ten rodzaj analizy jest ważny, zwłaszcza jeśli wiemy, iż podejmujemy decyzję i realizujemy ją w czasie. Główną ideą tej pracy jest przekroczenie liczby wypadków w ruchu z zabitymi i rannymi w prowincji Vojvodina (okres czasu: 2001-2009) z różnego rodzaju aspektów czasowych by zidentyfikować na przykład krytyczny dzień i godzinę lub miesiąc i dzień. Po tej analizie rezultaty są wizualizowane i umieszczane w mapach czasowych. Podstawowym celem tego artykułu jest położenie nacisku oraz pokazanie czasowych analiz jako metody zobrazowania i poszukiwania określonych wzorców dla decyzji tworzących proces.

4

Mathematical methods of signal analysis applied in medical diagnostic

75%

Ciecierski K. A.

International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science

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2020

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tom Vol. 30, no. 3

449--462

EN

Digital signal processing, such as filtering, information extraction, and fusion of various results, is currently an integral part of advanced medical therapies. It is especially important in neurosurgery during deep-brain stimulation procedures. In such procedures, the surgical target is accessed using special electrodes while not being directly visible. This requires very precise identification of brain structures in 3D space throughout the surgery. In the case of deep-brain stimulation surgery for Parkinson’s disease (PD), the target area—the subthalamic nucleus (STN)—is located deep within the brain. It is also very small (just a few millimetres across), which makes this procedure even more difficult. For this reason, various signals are acquired, filtered, and finally fused, to provide the neurosurgeon with the exact location of the target. These signals come from preoperative medical imaging (such as MRI and CT), and from recordings of brain activity carried out during surgery using special brain-implanted electrodes. Using the method described in this paper, it is possible to construct a decision-support system that, during surgery, analyses signals recorded within the patient’s brain and classifies them as recorded within the STN or not. The constructed classifier discriminates signals with a sensitivity of 0.97 and a specificity of 0.96. The described algorithm is currently used for deep-brain stimulation surgeries among PD patients.

5

Temporal analysis of the genetic diversity in a honey bee mating area of an island population (La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain)

63%

Munoz I. , De la Rua P.

Journal of Apicultural Science

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2012

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tom 56

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nr 1

6

Metody analizy przestrzenno-czasowej w badaniach klimatologicznych (na przykładzie Polski)

63%

Ustrnul Z. , Czekierda D.

Roczniki Geomatyki

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2006

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tom T. 4, z. 2

147-156

EN

The main objective of the study is to present spatial and temporal methods in climatology using GIS techniques. The study is mainly based on the examples of climatological elements from the territory of Poland. Simultaneously, many examples from world literature were cited. Special importance of the European Union/European Science Foundation programme COST 719 .The use of GIS in climatology and meteorology. was stressed. First, a review of contemporary studies is presented with explanation of some terms such as .interpolation. and .spatialisation.. The principle features of the GIS, digital maps and spatial analyses were discussed. Spatialisation problems were explained on the Polish examples with special attention paid to the air temperature and precipitation. That was done with the reference to some European results. All mentioned studies clearly confirmed that there is no one universal spatialisation method efficient enough for all climatological elements. Moreover, each spatial and temporal scale may require application of other spatialisation method. Usually, the best results can be achieved with the application of methods using additional explanatory variables such as residual kriging, cokriging or multiple regression. Different geographic parameters, including elevation, latitude, longitude, land cover etc. can be used as the predictor variables for the spatialisation. When one can not find them and the coherence between analysing parameter and other variables is unknown application of ordinary kriging is recommended in the first step. The study confirms that application of circulation types as the main additional predictor (i.e. synoptic climatology method) together with GIS techniques e.g. residual kriging is a useful and promising tool for constructing climate maps at different temporal and spatial scales. The results show that climatological studies with this kind of methodological approach may have a prior cognitive as well as a practical importance. Using the .Grosswetterlagen. calendar of circulation types for this purpose for the territory of Poland has shown that each type causes a slightly different spatial distribution of e.g. air temperature both in winter and summer. Finally, there are some examples presenting GIS tools for the purposes of temporal analyses. They enable an easy calculation and display of the area with specified climatic conditions and constructing diagrams for the climate monitoring purposes. Gridded approach is strongly recommended as a promising tool for the studies with different spatial and temporal scales.

7

Longwave radiation budget at the Baltic Sea surface from satellite and atmospheric model data

63%

Zapadka T. , Krezel A. , Wozniak B.

Oceanologia

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2008

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tom 50

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nr 2

147-166

EN

The net longwave radiation flux LW↑↓ in the Baltic Sea in 2001 has been subjected to spatial and temporal analysis. Maps of the mean monthly LW↑↓ over the Baltic were drawn using the new semi-empirical formula for the Baltic Sea (Zapadka et al. 2007). The input data for the formula, such as sea surface and air temperatures, and cloud cover, were obtained from the Tiros N/NOAA and METEOSAT 7 satellites and from the UMPLfo recast model (see http://meteo.icm.edu.pl). The mean annual LW↑↓ for 2001 was estimated at 63 W m−2 and compared with available data from other sources. The monthly maps of the net flux LW↑↓ over the Baltic show that the total values reach a minimum (LW↑↓≈50 W m−2) in April, September, October and a maximum (LW↑↓≈80 W m−2) in November. The statistical error of daily maps, on which the monthly maps were based, is no more than 18 W m−2.

8

Spatial and temporal variations of sedimentation rate in the Timah Tasoh Water Reservoir, Perlis, Malaysia

63%

Rahaman Z. A. , Ismail W. R.

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Land Reclamation

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2010

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tom 42

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nr 1

127-138

EN

Human activities such as logging, land conservation, road construction and other disturbances in watersheds will increase erosion rate and thus the amount of sediment transported into the river that reaches lakes, reservoirs and sea. Accelerated sedimentation rate in the reservoir can signifi cantly reduce a reservoir’s surface area, eliminating wetland area surrounding the reservoir and shallow the areas near the shore of the reservoir. A study of sedimentation rate in the Timah Tasoh water reservoir was carried out from May 2001 to April 2002 by means of sediment traps. The aim of this study is to determine the spatial and temporal pattern of sedimentation rates in the reservoir. The sediment traps were installed at five different locations in the reservoir and replaced every month. Gross sedimentation rates measured in the sediment traps vary from about an average of 1.4 kg/m2/month or 16.3 kg/m2/yr in the deepest part of the reservoir to about 79.2 kg/m2/yr (monthly average of 6.6 kg/m2/month) and 47.1 kg/m2/yr (monthly average of 3.9 kg/m2/month) near the inlet of the Pelarit River and the Tasoh River respectively. The sedimentation rate near the Pelarit River and the Tasoh River inflow is correlated with the water and suspended sediment discharge in the river, owing to its proximity to the rivers and the fl ooding effect, mainly during the wet season. The sedimentation rate decreases southward along the reservoir, as a result of increasing distance from the river mouth. The total suspended sediment load of the Upper Pelarit River and the Jarum River flowing into the reservoir is 11.4 × 103 ton/year and 5.41 × 103 ton/ /year respectively.

PL

Na podstawie szczegółowych łapaczkowych pomiarów terenowych przedstawiono zmiany przestrzenne i czasowe (2001–2002) ilości sedymentu w zbiorniku wodnym Timah Tasoh w Malezji. Łapaczki umieszczone w pięciu punktach zbiornika opróżniano co 5 miesięcy. Zmiany ilości sedymentu wykazano liczbowo na tle ilości dostarczanego rumowiska do zbiornika z rzek Pelarit oraz Jarum.

9

Poziom wykształcenia rolników w Polsce – analiza czasowo-przestrzenna

51%

Janc K. , Czapiewski K.

Biuletyn Komitetu Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania Kraju PAN

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2016

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tom No 263

9--28

PL

Rolnicy kojarzeni są zazwyczaj z niskim poziomem wykształcenia, wykorzystania nowoczesnych technologii – stają się niejako synonimem grupy osób o niskim poziomie wiedzy. Takie przekonanie można powiązać z tym, że często wiejskie (silnie związane z rolnictwem) rynki pracy nie wykazują (nie wykazywały) dużego zapotrzebowania na wysoko wykwalifikowanych pracowników. Jednak współczesne kierunki rozwoju rolnictwa, związane z coraz intensywniejszym wykorzystaniem nowoczesnych technologii i umiejętnością podejmowania szybkich, ryzykownych decyzji odnośnie do produkcji rolnej wiążą się z koniecznością posiadania konkretnych (niemałych) zasobów wiedzy. Stawia to istotne wyzwania przed prowadzącymi działalność rolniczą, szczególnie gdy ma ona być podstawowym źródłem ich utrzymania.

EN

The aim of the present study is to show the changes in the level of farmers’ educational attainment in Poland in recent years and studying the education’s attitudes of farmers on acquisition of the farm. The work was based on data collected during the Agricultural Censuses in 1996, 2002 and 2010 and results of a survey realized in the spring of 2014 among 2,411 farmers from 60 municipalities in the country. The presented data show that the education of farmers in Poland in recent years has changed significantly in terms of shares of the various types of education, while in the case of spatial distribution only slightly, as a result of historical and contemporary socio-economic relations.

10

Effects of climate warming on vegetative phenology of the common beech Fagus sylvatica in a submontane forest of the Western Carpathians: two-decade analysis

51%

Schieber B. , Kubov M. , Janik R.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2017

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tom 65

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nr 3

EN

The paper examines the results of phenological research on common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) during a period of 21 years (1995–2015) in the submontane beech forest of central Slovakia (Inner Western Carpathians). We focused on bud-burst, leaf unfolding and leaf colouring. Temporal analysis indicated that the mean monthly air temperature increased, especially from April to August. An extraordinary increase of air temperature in March and April, mostly in the last decade, was detected. The precipitation from May to August varied considerably, but in the range of the long-term mean value. During the study period, the mean/earliest/ latest onset of the bud-burst of common beech was observed on the 110th /101st/120th day of the year (DOY), respectively. As for leaf unfolding 10% and 50% (LU 10 and LU 50), we found the mean/earliest/latest onset on the 114th/103rd/122nd DOY and on the 118th/108th/124th DOY, respectively. The mean/earliest/latest onset of leaf colouring 10% (LC 10) and 50% (LC 50) started on the 272nd/262nd/288th DOY and on 286th/276th/298th, respectively. A medium degree of negative correlation (r = -0.68, P < 0.05) was found between air temperature and spring plant development (LU 50). In contrast, for both the cumulative temperature and precipitation, we found very low correlation with autumnal leaf phenology (r ≤ 0.3, P > 0.05). The vegetation period of the examined tree species lasted for 168 days on average (min/max were 155/183 days). Trend analysis revealed an earlier onset of spring phenophases by 7 days/2 decades. Conversely, a delay of autumnal phenophases by 9 days was recorded, so the vegetation period of beech extended by more than two weeks during the study period.

11

Struktura wykształcenia rolniczego kierowników gospodarstw rolnych w Polsce: analiza czasowa i przestrzenna zjawiska

44%

Gwiazdzinska-Goraj M. , Rudnicki R.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Administratio Locorum

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2015

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tom 14

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nr 2

12

Mapa zmian pokrycia terenu małopolski 1986-2011 wykonana w oparciu o klasyfikację obiektową obrazów satelitarnych Landsat oraz RapidEye

44%

Wężyk P. , Wójtowicz-Nowakowska A. , Pierzchalski M. , Mlost J. , Szafrańska B.

Archiwum Fotogrametrii, Kartografii i Teledetekcji

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2013

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tom Vol. 25

273--284

EN

Changes in land use / land cover are the result of interaction between natural processes and human activity. Using GIS analysis to estimate the dynamic of these changes we can detect former trends and their simulation in the future. Diagnosed directions of changes can be used e.g. to create local plans of spatial management or region growth policy. Main goal of this study was to diagnose main trends of changes in land use / land cover in Malopolska voivodeship in last 25 years (1986-2010). Results were shown as statistics and map compositions. Project was created based on RapidEye and LANDSAT 5 TM satellite data and aerial imagery from 2009-2010. The best way to process huge amount and various data was to use Object Based Image Analysis (OBIA). As the results of classification we received 10 classes of land use for both terms of analyses (1986-1987 and 2009-2010). Identified classes were: bare soil, grass-covered areas, urban areas, rivers and watercourses, coniferous forest, leaf forest, peatbog, and other areas. Results show, that especially 2 classes arisen much: forest (4.39%) and urban areas (2.40%), mostly at the expanse of agricultural (-3.60%) and grass-covered areas (-1.18%). Based on results we can say, that changes detected in past 25 years in Malopolska region, which we can also notice today, agree with general trends of landscape changes, that we can observe in Poland for the last 3 decades. These general changes are: renewed succession of forest on areas where agricultural production discontinued; also intense development of road infrastructure. Object Based Image Analysis allowed to realize these study for area of more than 15 000 km2 for only a few weeks.

PL

Zmiany pokrycia terenu i użytkowania ziemi są rezultatem wzajemnego oddziaływania na siebie złożonych procesów przyrodniczych oraz społeczno-ekonomicznych. Analizy przestrzenne GIS dynamiki tych zmian umożliwiają wykrycie występujących w przeszłości trendów i procesów oraz ich symulację dla nadchodzącego okresu. Zdiagnozowane kierunki przemian krajobrazu mogą zostać wykorzystane m.in. przy tworzeniu lokalnych planów zagospodarowania przestrzennego, czy generalnie kreowaniu polityki rozwoju regionów. Celem prezentowanego opracowania było zdiagnozowanie głównych trendów przemian pokrycia terenu województwa małopolskiego na przestrzeni ostatnich dwudziestu pięciu lat (19862011) oraz ich statystyczne i graficzne zaprezentowanie w postaci kompilacji map numerycznych. Projekt wykonano w oparciu o dane teledetekcyjne: zobrazowania satelitarne RapidEye i LANDSAT TM oraz lotnicze ortofotomapy (PZGiK) z lat 2009 - 2010. Duża ilość i różnorodność danych wymusiła zastosowanie obiektowego przetwarzania danych teledetekcyjnych, tj. klasyfikacji OBIA (ang. Object Based Image Analysis). W wyniku przeprowadzanej klasyfikacji otrzymano 10 klas pokrycia i użytkowania terenu dla dwóch terminów badawczych (1986-87 oraz 2010-11), tj.: grunty orne, użytki zielone, tereny zurbanizowane, rzeki i cieki, zbiorniki wodne, lasy iglaste, lasy liściaste, zadrzewienia i zakrzewienia, tereny różne oraz torfowiska. Wykazano, iż na obszarze Małopolski wystąpiło znaczne zwiększenie powierzchni lasów (wzrost o 4.4%) oraz terenów zurbanizowanych (wzrost o 2.4%), głównie kosztem powierzchni gruntów rolnych (ubytek o 3.6%) oraz trwałych użytków zielonych (ubytek o 1.2%). Otrzymane wyniki pozwoliły wysunąć wniosek, iż zmiany jakie zachodziły w przeciągu 25 lat oraz te, z którymi wciąż mamy do czynienia w województwie małopolskim, pokrywają się z ogólnymi kierunkami i trendami przemian krajobrazu obserwowanymi w Polsce w ostatnich trzech dekadach, tj. procesami sukcesji wtórnej zbiorowisk leśnych na gruntach, na których zaprzestano produkcji rolnej oraz związanych z inwestycjami infrastruktury drogowej i kolejowej. Zastosowanie automatycznej klasyfikacji obiektowej oraz analiz przestrzennych GIS pozwoliło na realizację opracowania dla obszaru ponad 15.000 km2 w ciągu zaledwie kilku tygodni.