Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

The study on the effects of different opening ranges of waste-gate on improving the work parameters of spark ignition engine

100%

Filipczyk J.

Journal of KONES

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2010

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tom Vol. 17, No. 3

93-98

EN

The experimental study was conducted to investigate the effects of different opening ranges of waste gate of a turbocharged medium displacement spark ignition engine on improving work parameters such as exhaust emission, torque characteristics and fuel consumption. The object of the experimental tests was an engine with modified intake and exhaust manifolds. The intake and exhaust manifold modification included only implementation of turbocharger with the variable geometry turbine. The values of boost pressure were controlled by the system with waste gate valves with a changeable characteristic and a control valve. Work parameters of waste-gate valves have been selected experimentally. Boost pressure had to be reduced to 1.3 and to 1.5 bar in the range of medium values of throttle opening. The system with waste-gate allowed to increase significantly the torque value at low engine speed range as well as to reduce the boost pressure at high engine speed range for throttle opening values above 50%. In total range engine work, emission of particular exhaust gas components did not exceed the values of the emission suitable for normally aspirated engine. It provided the stable engine 's running in all conditions including variable engine speed and in the whole range of throttle opening angle with restricted fuel consumption. The application of changeable characteristics in the waste gate valve which reduces the charging pressure by controlling characteristics variable of the valve depending on the engine work parameters was controlled by electronic system. The controlled system allows improving parameters of engine performance in wide range of engine's rotation speed.

2

Twin turbocharging system of medium displacement spark ignition engine

80%

Sendyka B. , Filipczyk J.

Silniki Spalinowe

|

2009

|

tom R. 48, SC2

264--268

EN

The object of the experimental tests was an engine with modified intake end exhaust manifolds. The intake and exhaust manifold modification including only implementation of turbochargers and sensors was done for experimental purposes. The application of two turbochargers system as modification of naturally aspirated spark ignition engine allows to improve torque flexibility rate. There is a possibility to apply the charging system with two turbochargers, with boost pressure control system, in already existing, naturally aspirated engine without decreasing compression ratio and modifying engine’s control system. The application of changeable characteristics of the waste gate valve allows to improv parameters of engine performance in wide range of engine’s rotation speed.

PL

Obiektem badań był silnik ze zmodyfikowanymi układami dolotowym i wylotowym. Modyfikacja układów dolotowego i wylotowego polegała na dostosowaniu ich do zamontowania turbosprężarek oraz czujników pomiarowych. Zastosowanie systemu doładowania dwiema turbosprężarkami pozwoliło na zwiększenie elastyczności momentu obrotowego. Zadowalające rezultaty uzyskano po zamontowaniu układu z dwiema sprężarkami z układem sterowania ciśnieniem doładowania w silniku wolnossącym, bez zmiany stopnia sprężania i modyfikacji układu sterowania. Zastosowano zespół zaworów obejściowych o zmiennej charakterystyce co pozwoliło na poprawę parametrów pracy silnika w szerokim zakresie prędkości obrotowych.

3

CFD tests of the exhaust system of a sports motorcycle

80%

Tkaczyk M.

Journal of KONES

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2018

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tom Vol. 25, No. 4

429--436

EN

The content of this article describes the area of the operation of speedway racing motorcycles, it reflects the specific use, and thus, the special requirements placed on the internal combustion engines used there. Then, a research tool is presented in the form of Computational Fluid Dynamics methods. The article presents basic equations as a base for software, and emphasizes the essence and necessity of adequate selection of turbulence models. Presentation of the work tool is crowned with a brief description of the application in the form of Ansys numerical analysis software and a specific place and possibilities of its application. The practical part describes the work carried out during the tests of a GM 500 type combustion engine and attempts to compare two types of exhaust systems whose advantages and disadvantages in analytical calculations are difficult to determine, whereas CFD tests accurately represent pressure fields, velocities and the most important parameter in the form of resistance of the exhaust system. The article is crowned with the results of tests enabling determination and selection of the exhaust system with lower flow resistance and recommendations adjusting the exhaust system to a specific engine.

4

Charging system of spark ignition engine with two turbochargers

80%

Sendyka B. , Filipczyk J.

Journal of KONES

|

2008

|

tom Vol. 15, No. 2

433-440

EN

The purpose of the investigation was the application of two turbochargers system in spark ignition engine and determining turbochargers' work parameters depending on throttle opening and engine's rotation speed. System with small turbocharger and larger variable geometry turbocharger in parallel connection (three-stage turbocharging) was examined. The engine used during the investigation was 1300 cm displacement SI engine with modified intake and exhaust manifolds. Intake and exhaust manifold modification including only implementation of turbochargers and sensors was done for experimental purposes. Specific values of maximum boost pressure were obtained by introducing a waste gate valve system with appropriate characteristic. Proper choice concerning work parameters of the charging system allows to improve torque characteristic in wide range of engine's rotation speed. The system with additional small turbocharger allowed to increase torque value in low engine's speed range as well as to increase boost pressure in high engine's speed range for throttle opening angle values above 50 %. In medium engine's speed range the best results were given by variable geometry turbocharger. The two turbochargers system and values of maximum boost pressure were controlled by the system with two waste gate valves. Improving total efficiency was obtained in medium engine's speed range. The application of two turbochargers system as modification of naturally aspirated spark ignition engine allows to improve torque flexibility rate. There is a possibility to apply the charging system with two turbochargers, with boost pressure control system, in already existing, naturally aspirated engine without decreasing compression ratio and modifying engine's control system.

5

Effect of fuel film deposition on combustion process in PFI SI engine

80%

Merola S. S. , Sementa P. , Tornatore C. , Vaglieco B. M.

Journal of KONES

|

2007

|

tom Vol. 14, No. 3

395-402

EN

The present paper discusses the experimental investigations on the flame induced by fuel film deposition ignition in a single cylinder, ported fuel injection, four-stroke, over-boosted spark-ignition engine with a four-valve production head. The engine was optically accessible and equipped with a transparent quartz window in the bottom of the combustion chamber. 2D-digital imaging and UV-visible natural emission spectroscopy were used to follow the flame propagation in the combustion chamber. Two colour pyrometers were applied to evaluate flame temperature and soot concentration. Particulate matter and soot primary particles diameters were measured and correlated with the soot amount produced in the combustion chamber. The effect of the intake air pressure and injection phasing was investigated. Optical setup for spectroscopic measurements and visible digital imaging, visible flame emission detected in the chamber for the selected operating conditions, visible emission spectra measured at 60 CAD ASOS in the chamber, soot concentration measured at the selected operating conditions, integral soot concentration measured at the selected operating conditions, particulate mass concentration measured by the Opacimeter and particles number concentration measured by LII at the engine exhaust are presented in the paper.

6

Analiza rozwiązań zmienności stopnia sprężania w silniku o zapłonie iskrowym

70%

Luft S. , Skrzek T.

Logistyka

|

2010

|

tom nr 6

PL

W artykule omówione są przykłady prototypowych rozwiązań konstrukcyjnych umożliwiające zmienność stopnia sprężania, prezentowane przez wiodące firmy produkcyjne i ośrodki naukowo badawcze. Rozwiązania oparte są o konstrukcję tradycyjnego silnika spalinowego o zapłonie iskrowym. Przedstawione rozwiązania umożliwiają wprowadzenie zmienności stopnia sprężania jako dodatkowego parametru regulacyjnego, którego wartość może być zmieniana w czasie pracy silnika w szerokim zakresie obciążeń.

EN

The paper describes examples of prototypical design solutions, introduced by leading industry sector and research centers, that enable compression ratio changes. The solutions are based on the traditional spark ignition engine. The presented solutions enable introduction of compression ratio change as an additional regulating parameter which value may be changed, during the engine operation, over a broad range of load.

7

Simulation model of combustion engine with direct injection of hydrogen

70%

Blažek J. , Brabec P.

Journal of KONES

|

2009

|

tom Vol. 16, No. 3

15-21

EN

Fuel mixture formation inside a cylinder has become used more frequently in spark ignition engines in recent years. gas internal combustion engines can also benefit from this concept as direct injection into an engine 's cylinder during the compression stroke not only increases its volumetric efficiency but also eliminates adverse anomalies in the combustion process. This paper focuses on the development of a simulation model for a spark ignition engine with direct hydrogen injection into a cylinder. The Wave software was used for the simulation. A part of the paper depicts the model's verification. The study utilized a three-cylinder internal combustion engine with the total cylinder volume of 1.2 dm3. The concept of the engine is based on new, high-pressure injectors with 10 MPa inlet pressure (gas-hydrogen injection directly into the engine cylinder). Utilization of internal fuel mixture formation can be beneficial due to its enabling the control of the combustion process and gaseous emission generation. From the viewpoint of the engine's design, however, internal fuel mixture utilisation is more complicated as injectors have to be built into the cylinder head. The actual engine construction is housed in laboratories of the Technical University of Liberec, Department of Vehicles and Engines.

8

Dynamics influence of changes degree the power supply on emission of harmful substances in spark ignition engine

70%

Jantos J. , Mamala J. , Prokop S.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Inżynieria Środowiska / Politechnika Opolska

|

2005

|

tom Vol. 310, z. 6

151-160

EN

Steering engine about spark-ignition (SI) control electronic unit be realized with the help of ECU - Electronic Control Unit. It is know that special influence on energy efficiency and two parameters exert the emission of harmful substances: time of injection as well as ignition angle. Values these two parameters be established near utilization recorded the algorithms the individual of ECU. The electronic control unit of throttle introduces to arrangement the additional degree of liberty the steering because the possibility of influence on dynamics of changes of degree of filling up engine's cylinder. The algorithm of changes of degree the power supply on emission of harmful substances of SI engine in study was analyzed. In this paper the speed limit of throttle effect on emission of harmful substances and the fuel consumption in transitory states is presented.

PL

Sterowanie silnikiem o zapłonie iskrowym (Zl) jest realizowane za pomocą elektronicznej jednostki sterującej ECU - Elektronie Control Unit. Powszechnie wiadomo, że szczególny wpływ na sprawność energetyczną i emisję substancji szkodliwych wywierają dwa parametry: czas wtrysku oraz kąt wyprzedzenia zapłonu. Wartości tych dwóch parametrów są ustalane przy wykorzystaniu algorytmu zapisanego jednostce ECU. Elektroniczny zespół przepustnicy wprowadza dodatkowy stopień swobody do układu sterowania, gdyż istnieje możliwość wpływania na dynamikę zmian stopnia napełnienia silnika. W opracowaniu analizowano algorytm zmian stopnia zasilania na emisję substancji szkodliwych silnika Zl. Wykazano, że ograniczenie prędkości ruchu przepustnicy, korzystnie wpływa na emisję substancji szkodliwych i zużycie paliwa w stanach przejściowych.

9

Exhaust emissions of dual fuel spark ignition engine fuelled gasoline and methanol

70%

Stelmasiak Z. , Semikow J.

Journal of KONES

|

2013

|

tom Vol. 20, No. 2

363--370

EN

Today, more and more attention is paid to search for alternative fuels, which would be not only environmentally friendly, but also cost-competitive to petroleum fuels. In the recent years much attention is paid to investigations at adaptation of combustion engine to run on bio-fuels. Results of the investigations show, that methyl and ethyl alcohols could belong to one from the most promising and future bio-fuels, being a serious alternative to petroleum fuels. Interest in these fuels comprises such areas as exploration of raw materials to production of the alcohols, development of technology of their production, especially 2nd generation of ethyl alcohol, special fuelling and control systems, design changes of the engines fuelled with alcohols. In the present paper are shown test results of Fiat 1.3 Multipoint engine fuelled in dual fuel system with methanol and gasoline. In this engine one assembled prototype fuel supply system with duplex injectors on each cylinder, to injection of methanol and gasoline. Implemented system enables fuelling with gasoline only, with methanol only, or simultaneously with gasoline and methanol with any fraction of the methanol. Change of fuelling system and change of methanol fraction can be accomplished in course of engine operation. Performed investigations showed advantageous effect of the methanol on toxicity of exhaust gases. One confirmed reduction of emissions of hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxide and carbon dioxide. The biggest changes in the concentration occurred in case of fuelling with the methanol only, and amounted to: 2-3 times reduction of the THC, reduction of NOx with 40-60%. Differences in concentration of NOx increased together with growth of engine load, and hence, they concern such areas of engine operation, where the biggest quantities of the NOx are emitted. In case of dual fuel feeding, effect of reduction of concentration of the components discussed here decreases according to reduced fraction of the methanol. Changes in the emissions discussed here are obtained with maintained engine performance and growth of overall efficiency of the engine. Implemented system eliminates problems of stratification of methanol-gasoline mixture in low temperatures and in presence of water. The system can be adapted to any liquid fuels.

10

Comparative analysis of the operating indexes of manually and automatically controlled passenger car powertrain system at variable load states

70%

Graba M. , Mamala J. , Bieniek A. , Hennek K.

Journal of KONES

|

2017

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tom Vol. 24, No. 4

39--46

EN

This article reports the results of a study into operating parameters of a system consisting of an SI engine and a powertrain in a Fiat Panda passenger car in the conditions of a variable load. The analysis was primarily concerned with the variability of fuel consumption resulting of the changing load applied to the driving wheels in the conditions of a test performed on chassis dynamometer for manual and automatic controlled transmission gear change The test bench included a dedicated driving cycle, which was developed as cycle with periodically changed constant linear speed of the car every 10 km/h. According to the vehicle set speed, the load on its wheels was determined by the basic resistance as rolling resistance, air resistance and resistance corresponding to road inclination. Each period of a drive cycle corresponding to steady state driving gave the average instantaneous values of drive system performance indicators. The waveforms of these indicators were recorded and then averaged and presented as representative points of the powertrain system that were analysed. The focus of the study involved the identification of the points characterized with the minimum specific fuel consumption and impact of type of powertrain control on emission of CO2 from passenger car SI engines.

11

Real-time implementation of multiple model based predictive control strategy to air/fuel ratio of a gasoline engine

70%

Wojnar S. , Polóni T. , Šimončič P. , Rohal’-Ilkiv B. , Honek M. , Csambál J.

Archives of Control Sciences

|

2013

|

tom Vol. 23, no. 1

93--106

EN

Growing safety, pollution and comfort requirements influence automotive industry ever more. The use of three-way catalysts in exhaust aftertreatment systems of combustion engines is essential in reducing engine emissions to levels demanded by environmental legislation. However, the key to the optimal catalytic conversion level is to keep the engine air/fuel ratio (AFR) at a desired level. Thus, for this purposes more and more sophisticated AFR control algorithms are intensively investigated and tested in the literature. The goal of this paper is to present for a case of a gasoline engine the model predictive AFR controller based on the multiple-model approach to the engine modeling. The idea is to identify the engine in particular working points and then to create a global engine's model using Sugeno fuzzy logic. Opposite to traditional control approaches which lose their quality beside steady state, it enables to work with satisfactory quality mainly in transient regimes. Presented results of the multiple-model predictive air/fuel ratio control are acquired from the first experimental real-time implementation on the VW Polo 1390 cm3 gasoline engine, at which the original electronic control unit (ECU) has been fully replaced by a dSpace prototyping system which execute the predictive controller. Required control performance has been proven and is presented in the paper.

12

Charging system of spark ignition engine with two chargers

60%

Sendyka B. , Filipczyk J.

Czasopismo Techniczne. Mechanika

|

2008

|

tom R. 105, z. 8-M

185-192

EN

The purpose of the investigation was the application of two chargers systems in spark ignition engine and determining chargers' work parameters depending on throttle opening and engine's rotation speed. The system with small turbocharger or electrically driven charger and larger variable geometry turbocharger in parallel and series connection was examined. The engine used during the investigation was 1300 ccm displacement SI engine with modified intake and exhaust manifolds. Intake and exhaust manifold modification including only the implementation of chargers and sensors was done for experimental purposes. Specific values of maximum boost pressure were obtained by introducing a waste gate valve system with appropriate characteristics. The application of two chargers system as modification of naturally aspirated spark ignition engine allows to improve the torque flexibility rate.

PL

Celem przeprowadzonych badań było określenie możliwości zastosowania systemu doładowania z dwiema sprężarkami w silniku o zapłonie iskrowym oraz określenie parametrów pracy w zależności od obciążenia, stopnia otwarcia przepustnicy i prędkości obrotowej. Badano system doładowania z główną turbosprężarką z turbina ze zmienną geometrią oraz dodatkową małą sprężarką. Jako mniejszą sprężarkę zastosowano turbosprężarkę ze stałą geometrią oraz sprężarkę napędzaną elektrycznie. Do badań zastosowano silnik o pojemności skokowej 1300 cm[^3] ze zmodyfikowanymi układami dolotowym i wylotowym. Ciśnienie doładowania było regulowane systemem z zaworami obejściowymi o dobranej charakterystyce. Zastosowanie systemu doładowania z dwiema sprężarkami pozwoliło na poprawę przebiegi momentu obrotowego w szerokim zakresie prędkości obrotowej.

13

Wpływ uszkodzenia korpusu turbiny na wybrane parametry pracy turbosprężarki w silniku o ZI

60%

Bieliński M. , Karpiuk W. , Borowczyk T. , Idzior M.

Logistyka

|

2014

|

tom nr 6

1916-1924

PL

W artykule omówiono zagadnienia wpływu uszkodzenia żeliwnego korpusu turbiny na parametry związane z pracą turbosprężarki. Zbadano wpływ nieszczelności pękniętego elementu na ciśnienie powietrza doładowującego, prędkość obrotową wału turbosprężarki oraz zużycie paliwa w wybranych zakresach pracy. Podczas prób rejestrowano zarówno ciśnienia, temperatury czynników jak i parametry pracy silnika oraz pojazdu (takie jak prędkość obrotową wału korbowego silnika, zużycie paliwa itd.). Następnie powtórzono badania dla turbosprężarki zregenerowanej. Testy przeprowadzono w rzeczywistych warunkach drogowych w pojeździe marki VW Golf GTI serii czwartej. Wybór pojazdu oraz typu turbosprężarki (firmy KKK typ K03-011A) był podyktowany analizą przeprowadzoną przy współpracy z zakładem zajmującym się regeneracją układów doładowania. Podczas praktyk warsztatowych zaobserwowano szereg uszkodzeń tego samego typu związanych ze zwiększonym naprężeniem termicznym prowadzącym do uszkodzenia korpusu. Istotny jest fakt, iż turbosprężarki trafiły do regeneracji z powodu innej awarii, zatem do czasu naprawy były eksploatowane z wymienionym wyżej uszkodzeniem. Wybrane wyniki badań oraz analizę przedstawiono w niniejszym artykule.

EN

The article discusses the problem related to the effect of cast iron turbine body damage on operation parameters of the turbocharger. Influence of cracked element’s leakage on charged air pressure, as well as, turbocharger shaft speed and fuel consumption have been investigated during research. Moreover, air pressure and temperature, parameters of the engine and vehicle (speed of the engine crankshaft, fuel consumption and many more) have been recorded. Next, tests for regenerated turbocharger have been repeated. Investigations were conducted in real drive operating conditions with the use of VW Golf GTI Mk4. The choice of vehicle and type of turbocharger (KKK type K03-011A) was the result of analysis conducted in cooperation with the company which is involved in the regeneration of turbocharger systems. It was possible to observed during the workshop practices a number of defects of the same type related to increased thermal stress which as a result can lead to the body damage. Important is, that the turbocharger was in fact regenerated due to another failure – so till overhaul it has been operated with the above-mentioned damage. Selected results of research and analysis was presented in this article.

14

Wykorzystanie analizy spektralnej i falkowej do diagnostyki silnika ZI

60%

Brol S. , Mamala J. , Malewicz K. , Borecki D.

Silniki Spalinowe

|

2009

|

tom R. 48, SC2

12--16

PL

W artykule zaprezentowano zastosowanie analizy spektralnej i falkowej do diagnostyki pracy silnika spalinowego o ZI. Badania dotyczyły porównania przebiegu zmian wyselekcjonowanych wartości wielkości mierzonych przez sterownik silnika podczas pracy silnika ze sprawnym i uszkodzonym układem zasilania powodującym przerwy w pracy na ustalonym cylindrze. Obiektem badań był silnik ZI o pojemności 1,4 dcm3, a eksperymenty wykonano na specjalnym stanowisku laboratoryjnym. Analizę zarejestrowanych sygnałów przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem programu obliczeniowego Scilab. W szczególności wykorzystywano algorytmy pozwalające na obliczenie gęstości widmowej mocy, rozkładu amplitudowego oraz krótkookresowej transformaty Fouriera. Wyniki przekształceń porównano z efektami przekształcenia falkowego wykorzystującego falki analizujące Morleta i ”meksykański kapelusz”. Omówiono wady i zalety wykorzystywanych metod w zastosowaniu do diagnostyki silnika. W wyniku przeprowadzonych badań porównawczych stwierdzono, że przekształcenie falkowe lub krótkookresowe przekształcenie Fouriera pozwala na uzyskanie większej ilości informacji niż widmo amplitudowe lub gęstość widmowa mocy.

EN

In this paper the application of spectral and wavelet analyses in engine diagnostics were shown. The main goal of investigations was a comparison of changes of selected values measured by engine ECU during work with in good order and damaged injector system which causes misfire in selected cylinder. The investigation object was a 1.4 dcm3 engine, and the experiments were performed special laboratory stand. The logged data were analyzed using amplitude spectrum, power spectral density and short time fast Fourier (STFFT) transform algorithms implemented in Scilab software. The transformed data were compared with continuous wavelet transforms (CWT), which were obtained with use of Morlets and mexican hat analyzing wavelets. The advantages and disadvantages of used transforms were discussed. As main effect of investigations performed it can be concluded, that the STFFT and CWT algorithms can provide more diagnostics information then the other analyzed transforms.

15

Ehksperimental'noe issledovanie osobennostejj raboty iskrovogo DVS s sistemojj termokhimicheskojj parovojj konversii bioehtanola

60%

Timoshevsky B. , Tkach M. , Mitrofanov A. , Poznansky A. , Proskurin A.

Motrol. Motoryzacja i Energetyka Rolnictwa

|

2013

|

tom 15

|

nr 2

16

Analiza możliwości określenia kryteriów podobieństwa współcześnie produkowanych samochodowych silników spalinowych ZS i ZI

60%

Kobryń J. , Wilk K.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska

|

2006

|

tom z. 63

41-48

PL

W pracy zaproponowano sposób analizy współcześnie produkowanych samochodowych silników spalinowych ZS i ZI przy wykorzystaniu kryteriów podobieństwa. Badania przeprowadzono w oparciu o znane liczby podobieństwa oraz nowe, utworzone i zastosowane do celów tej analizy.

EN

The paper proposes a way of analyzing modern diesel and spark ignition car engines, making use of similarity criteria. The research was made on the basis of similarity numbers known in practice and new ones created and applied in this analysis.

17

Badanie wtryskiwaczy paliwa w silnikach o zapłonie iskrowym

60%

Osipowicz T.

Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe

|

2017

|

tom R. 18, nr 7-8

196--198

PL

Artykuł przedstawia możliwości badawcze wtryskiwaczy paliwa zastosowanych w silnikach o zapłonie iskrowym. W referacie opisano rodzaje układów zasilania silników o zapłonie wymuszonym, ich budowę i działanie. Zostały opisane również sposoby tworzenia się mieszaniny palnej i spalanie w omawianych silnikach. Przedstawiono w jaki sposób można testować i ewentualnie przywracać parametry robocze wtryskiwaczy paliwa silników ZI.

EN

Article presents the research possibilities of spark ignition fuel injectors. Paper describes types of spark ignition systems, construction and work. There has been presented the methods of rising combustible mixture and combustion process in spark ignition engines. There has been dicussed the test and work parameters reset methods spark ignition engines fuel injectors.

18

Analiza emisji tlenku węgla z pojazdu z silnikiem o zapłonie iskrowym i bezpośrednim wtryskiem paliwa według procedury RDE

60%

Lijewski P. , Szymlet N. , Sokolnicka B. , Siedlecki M.

Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe

|

2017

|

tom R. 18, nr 12

271--275, CD

PL

W artykule przedstawiono analizę drogowej i sekundowej emisji tlenku węgla, z pojazdu z silnikiem o zapłonie iskrowym z bezpośrednim wtryskiem paliwa. Badania przeprowadzono w rzeczywistych warunkach ruchu, przestrzegając procedury RDE (Real Drive Emission). Test wykonano na obszarze aglomeracji poznańskiej, trasa obejmowała drogi o różnych dopuszczalnych prędkościach. Badania przeprowadzono przy zastosowaniu mobilnej aparatury SEMTECH DS, należącej do grupy PEMS (Portable Emission Measurement System).

EN

The paper presents an analysis of the carbon monoxide emissions from a vehicle with spark-ignition engine and direct fuel injection. The study was conducted under real traffic conditions, following the RDE (Real Drive Emission) procedure. The test was carried out in the area of Poznań agglomeration, the route covered roads with different permissible speeds. The tests were carried out using the SEMTECH DS mobile device, belonging to the PEMS (Portable Emission Measurement System) group.

19

Optical diagnostics in a spark ignition engine for two-wheel vehicles

60%

Merola S. S. , Sementa P. , Tornatore C.

Journal of KONES

|

2010

|

tom Vol. 17, No. 4

323-336

EN

Different optical techniques were applied to describe the thermal and chemical processes that occur in a SI small engine from the ported fuel injection and in-cylinder mixture formation to the combustion process and the exhaust emission. In PFI SI engines, the atomized fuel is sprayed towards the intake valves, where it may evaporate, puddle or rebound. Furthermore, a portion of the fuel may flow directly into the cylinder or impinge upon the port walls. These phenomena occur in varying degrees and depend upon the engine design, injector location and engine operation. Potentially the fuel can enter the cylinder in a poorly atomized state, leading to an increased unburned hydrocarbon emissions. This is particularly true during cold operation, when evaporation is low. In the small-motorcycle and scooter engines the fuel injection occurs in smaller intake manifold than light-duty vehicle engines, increasing the criticism of the fuel-wall interaction. The experimental investigations were performed in a single cylinder engine constituted by an elongated optically accessible piston and equipped with the head and injection system of a reference 4-stroke engine for small vehicles. High spatial resolution imaging was used to characterize the fuel injection phase. The cycle resolved visualization was performed to follow the flame propagation from the intake spark ignition to the exhaust phase. Natural emission spectroscopy measurements were applied in the ultraviolet-visible wavelength range to identify the chemical species that are markers of the combustion process and to follow the formation of pollutants.

20

Przegląd uniwersalnych sterowników do silników ZI

60%

Małecki A. , Mydłowski T. , Radkowski S.

Zeszyty Naukowe Instytutu Pojazdów / Politechnika Warszawska

|

2013

|

tom z. 2/93

93--101

PL

Niniejsza praca zawiera opis i możliwości dostępnych na rynku sterowników uniwersalnych. Sterowniki te dedykowane są do silników o zapłonie iskrowym. Przedstawiono parametry poszczególnych sterowników pod kątem wykorzystania ich przy pracy na stanowiskach badawczych. Omówione zostały sterowniki: Megasquirt w wersji I, II i III, Microsquirt, Vems oraz ECUMASTER EMU. Wszystkie te sterowniki charakteryzują się niską ceną zakupu. Praca ta ma na celu ułatwienie doboru sterownika uniwersalnego silnika ZI do potrzeb pracy stanowiskowej.

EN

The present article shows the description and possibilities of most popular universal programmable electronic fuel injection controllers. These controllers are meant for spark-ignition engines. Parameters of particular controllers were described in regard of using them into research and development. The paper shows following controllers: Megasquirt version I, II and III, Microsquirt, Vems, and ECUMASTER EMU. All these controllers are characterized by a low purchase price.The aim of this paper is to facilitate the selection of programmable engine controller for needs of research work (test benches).