Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Somatic Build of Rowers in the Period from 1995 to 2005

100%

Forjasz J.

Human Movement

|

2011

|

tom 12

|

nr 1

46-56

EN

Purpose. The aim of the paper is an attempt to show the sizes of morphological features of rowers, in order to establish the type of body build proper for present requirements of this sports discipline through the determination of morphological features of the greatest importance in rowing including the type of a racing boat. Basic procedures. Analysed material includes competitors practising rowing, who were members of the Polish junior national team in this sports discipline in the period from 1995 to 2005. A group of 31 anthropometric measurements have been analysed; body composition has been measured by the BIA method, including rowing boat categories. Musculature rate for each participant was calculated on the basis of chosen somatic indicators. Collected material has been elaborated with basic statistical methods. Main findings. Rowers are characterized by the significant height of the body, large body mass and a considerably slender figure at the same time. Characteristic features are: trunk with its large length and large circumferences, long upper and lower limbs, shoulders of medium broadness, narrow pelvis, flat chest. Big musculature of upper and lower limbs which classify competitors to the group of thigh-set limbed and the considerable stoutness of the body, expressed with the thickness of skin-adipose folds, with the proportional fat content, are also characteristic features. Analysed teams show the differentiation depending on types of racing boats, with achieving larger mean features by the crew of oars, at the greater proportional participation of the fat in the general body mass. Conclusion. Competitors doing rowing at the high level of sports advancement must accomplish the criteria of morphological build, and the level of these requirements is adapted to the specificity of this sports discipline and types of racing boats.

2

Anthropometric Typology of Male and Female Rowers Using K-Means Clustering

100%

Forjasz J.

Journal of Human Kinetics

|

2011

|

tom 28

155-164

EN

The aim of this paper is to present the morphological features of rowers. The objective is to establish the type of body build best suited to the present requirements of this sports discipline through the determination of the most important morphological features in rowing with regard to the type of racing boat. The subjects of this study included competitors who practise rowing and were members of the Junior National Team. The considered variables included a group of 32 anthropometric measurements of body composition determined using the BIA method among male and female athletes, while also including rowing boat categories. In order to determine the analysed structures of male and female rowers, an observation analysis was taken into consideration and performed by the k-means clustering method. In the group of male and female rowers using long paddles, higher mean values for the analysed features were observed, with the exception of fat-free mass, and water content in both genders, and trunk length and horizontal reach in women who achieved higher means in the short-paddle group. On the men's team, both groups differed significantly in body mass, longitudinal features, horizontal reach, hand width and body circumferences, while on the women's, they differed in body mass, width and length of the chest, body circumferences and fat content. The method of grouping used in this paper confirmed morphological differences in the competitors with regard to the type of racing boat.

3

THE ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME GENE I/D POLYMORP HISM IN POLISH ROWERS

100%

Jastrzębski Z. , Leońska-Duniec A. , Kolbowicz M. , Tomiak T.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

|

2014

|

tom 5

|

nr 1

77-82

EN

Angiotensin converting enzyme gene (ACE) is the most frequently investigated genetic marker in the context of genetic conditioning of athletic predispositions. The product of the gene is a key component of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and the kallikrein-kinin system (KKS), mainly responsible for the regulation of blood pressure. The main aim of the study was to determine the possible interaction between the ACE I/D polymorphism and endurance athlete status in a group of Polish rowers in comparison with sedentary individuals. 121 male Polish rowers, members of academic sports clubs, and 115 unrelated volunteers, were recruited for the study. The PCR amplification of the insertion (I) or deletion (D) fragment of the ACE gene was performed. Compared with control group, the frequency of the I allele differ significantly from that found in rowers (57.4% vs. 44.3%; P=0.013) and the ACE genotype frequency amongst the whole cohort of rowers (30.6% II, 53.7% ID, 15.7% DD) was also different from expected values (control group 19.1% II, 50.4% ID, 30.4% DD; P=0.017). Our investigation confirms a positive association of the I allele of the ACE gene with endurance athlete status in a group of Polish rowers.

4

Effects of Supplementation with Neptune Krill Oil (Euphasia Superba) on Selected Redox Parameters and Pro-Inflammatory Markers in Athletes during Exhaustive Exercise

100%

Skarpańska-Stejnborn A. , Pilaczyńska-Szcześniak Ł. , Basta P. , Foriasz J. , Arlet J.

Journal of Human Kinetics

|

2010

|

tom 25

49-57

EN

This study investigated the effects of supplementation with Krill oil on levels of pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance markers and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in professional rowers submitted to exhaustive exercise.This double-blind study included 17 members of the Polish National Rowing Team. Subjects were randomly assigned a supplemented group (n=9) which received two capsules (500 mg) of Krill oil daily for 6 weeks, or a placebo group (n=8). At the beginning and at the end of preparatory camp, subjects performed a 2000 m maximum effort test on a rowing ergometer. Blood samples were taken from the antecubital vein prior to each exercise test, 1 minute after completing the test, and after 24-hours of rest. The following redox parameters were assessed in erythrocytes: superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) concentration. Additionally, creatine kinase (CK) activity was measured in plasma samples, while tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) concentrations were measured in the serum.Exercise significantly increased values of SOD, TNF-α and TBARS in both groups, but recovery levels of TBARS were significantly lower in athletes receiving Krill oil compared with the control group.Based on these results we conclude that supplementation with Krill oil (1 g per day) in trained rowers diminished post exercise oxidative damage to erythrocytes during recovery, but had no effect on antioxidant enzymes, TNF-α and serum lipid profiles.

5

Are changes in HSPA1A, HSPB1 and LDHb genes expression during physical performance ”till exhaustion” independent of their exercise possibility?

100%

Jastrzebski Z. , Zychowska M.

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

|

2014

|

tom 6

|

nr 4

252-258

EN

Background: The aim of the study was to designate changes in the expression of HSPA1A, HSPB1 and LDHb in elite rowers after completing a test “till exhaustion” on a rowing ergometer. Finally, we searched for the answer whether there are significant correlations between the expression of the genes and anaerobic threshold (AnT) or the maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). Material/Methods: The research was conducted on the sample of 9 Polish lightweight male rowers (23.7 ±3.77 yrs, 72.7 ±1.76 kg, 183.6 ±4.58 cm). To determine AnT and VO2max, the subjects performed the test “till exhaustion” with an increasing load on a rowing ergometer. Directly before and after the test, blood samples were collected from the ulnar vein in order to isolate genetic material. RNA was extracted from white cells of venous blood by the chemical method. 2 μg RNA for the reverse transcription was used and the expression of HSPA1A, HSPB1 and LDHb was determined by Real time PCR reaction. To assess the intensity of expression, the ΔΔCt method was used. Results: The study showed an increased expression of HSPA1A and HSPB1 and a decreased one of LDHb. Moreover, post-training changes of the genes activity in white blood cells occurred immediately and could be determined directly after the termination of exertion. Conclusions: No significant correlations between the expression of the genes and anaerobic threshold (AnT), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) were stated