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EN
The aim of the study was the evaluation of the degree of tumor vascularization in dogs. The examinations were performed on 42 tumors, taken surgically from dogs affected with skin and subcutaneous tissue tumors. Twenty three male and nineteen female mixed breed dogs aged 3 to 15 years were operated. The dogs had not been treated for neoplasma diseases earlier. The tumor samples were fixed in 10% buffered formalin for 24 hours, after which the tissues were dehydrated in increasing concentrations of alcohol and embedded in paraffin. The slides were stained with hematoxyline and eosine. The tumor type was determined according to the current WHO classification. For the endothelium vessel observations immunohistochemical staining was performed with the use of polyclonal antibody directed against the von Willebrand factor (FVIII). The estimation of blood vessel quantity was performed in a microscope equipped with a computer image analysis system. The itratumoral microvessel density was calculated in 10 selected areas. The average of microvessel density was 190 per 1 mm² in malignant tumors and 138/mm˛ in benign tumors. It was found that the degree of malignant tumor vascularization was much larger than that of the benign tumor. Tumor angiogenesis determination can be used for diagnosis, prognosis, as well as for the degree of malignancy classification and metastatic potential.
EN
Abdominal wall defects in humans include omphalocele, gastroschisis, limb-body wall complex and prune-belly syndrome. Veterinary pathology distinguishes between simple eventration (eventeratio simplex) and the hernia. The paper presents five cases of congenital fissure of the abdominal wall in newborn puppies. The affected animals belonged to different breeds: American Staffordshire Terrier, Yorkshire Terrier, Chihuahua and English Bulldog. The anomaly was recognized immediately after the puppies were born. There were two stages of the malformation confirmed in the newborns. The minor one, defined as umbilical eventration, was found in one case, while the others were classified as abdominal fissures. Local underdevelopment of the abdominal wall at the site of the eventration is occasionally observed. Cases of the greatest stage of the simple eventration, known as Schistosoma reflexum, were not found in this study. The etiology of the abnormalities remains unclear. Genetic as well as environmental factors should be taken into consideration. The prevalence of the malformation in the dog population is also unknown because of a lack of reliable information. However, it could be admitted that their frequency may be at least similar or even greater than in humans.
EN
Eight cases of asynchronous growth of antebrachial bones were surgically treated in dogs. In the early stage of the disease osteotomy of ulna was done, while in advanced cases osteoectomy of the radial bone was performed. Stabilizator of the Zespol-type was used to stabilize 11 legs after operation. In all cases good union of the operated bones and reconstruction of a long-axis, as well as significant improvement in leg movement, were obtained. The results point to a high efficacy of the Zespol-method in the treatment of asynchronous growth of antebrachial bones in dogs.
EN
Atrial fibrillation is one of the commonest arrhythmia in dogs and humans. It accompanies organic heart diseases but also other pathologies, e.g. hyperthyroidism. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of the occurrence of atrial fibrillation, its potential causes and the relationship between electrocardiographic changes and other results of cardiological examination in dogs with this arrhythmia. From 1456 dogs referred to cardiological examination in the years 2001-2006, 521 dogs (35.78%) demonstrated arrhythmias. Atrial fibrillation was detected in 51 dogs, which accounts for 3.5% of all the examined dogs and 9.7% of the dogs with arrhythmias. In 49 cases atrial fibrillation was permanent. The mean age of all the examined dogs was 7.55 ± 3.6. However, it was significantly higher in the animals from II group (10.64 ± 3) as compared to those of I group (6.6 ± 3.2). Atrial fibrillation is dominant in dogs with a body weight exceeding 25 kg, which accounted for 72.55% of the examined group and are predisposed to dilated cardiomyopathy. Permanent atrial fibrillation is a common arrhythmia in dogs and it is accompanied by ventricular tachycardia, regardless of the etiology of the atrial fibrillation. Paroxysma atrial fibrillation is a very rare arrhythmia in dogs. Atrial fibrillation tends to occur in large breed dogs more frequently in the course DCM than in small dogs.
EN
On the basis of data from literature and author’s own experiments, characteristics of anesthesia by a continuous infusion have presented. This type of procedure reduces the potent dose of short-acting anesthetics. Their clinical specificity is better used and their disadvantageous influence on respiratory and cardiovascular function partly eliminated. Continuous administering of a low concentrate solution of agents is safer than a traditional way of application (dosis singularis). The described method allows for a more effective control of the level and time of surgical tolerance.
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