Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Chrystopraksyzm refleksji teologicznomoralnej

100%

Zadykowicz T.

Roczniki Teologiczne

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2014

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tom 61

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nr 3: Teologia Moralna

049-064

EN

Moral theology, as any science, has first of all cognitive aims. However, because of its subject one may also talk about the practical dimension of moral-theological reflection. This is because the subject is human action (praxis) that moral theology not only describes but also defines, indicating the moral norms that have to be kept to in it. Explaining and justifying the moral principles and norms moral theology is aiming at the plentitude a man should realize in his own life and work. Realizing this plentitude happens in an actual living situation. This is why applying principles and norms to particular attitudes and particular areas of human life is a significant, practical part of theologians-moralists’ service. None of these areas is excluded from the range of the interests of moral theology. Analysis of these areas is the starting point for the reflection of a theological-ethical character, directed at forming attitudes.

PL

Teologia moralna, jak każda nauka, posiada nade wszystko cele poznawcze. Ze względu jednak na przedmiot można mówić także o praktycznym wymiarze refleksji teologicznomoralnej. Tym przedmiotem jest bowiem ludzkie działanie (praxis), które teologia moralna nie tylko opisuje, ale także określa wskazując obowiązujące w nim normy moralne. Wyjaśniając i argumentując zasady i normy moralne, teologia moralna ma na względzie pełnię, którą człowiek winien urzeczywistnić we własnym życiu i działaniu. Urzeczywistnienie tej pełni następuje w konkretnej sytuacji życiowej. Dlatego istotną, praktyczną częścią posługi teologów moralistów jest aplikacja zasad i norm do szczegółowych postaw i dziedzin ludzkiego życia. Żadna z tych dziedzin nie jest wyłączona poza zakres zainteresowań teologii moralnej. Analiza tych dziedzin stanowi punkt wyjścia dla refleksji o charakterze teologiczno-etycznym ukierunkowanej na formowanie postaw.

2

Towards a Poor Phenomenology. On Certain Structural Similarities between Phenomenology and J. Grotowski’s Philosophy of Theater

94%

Sobota D.

Analiza i Egzystencja. Czasopismo Filozoficzne

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2020

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tom 49

89-117

EN

In his phenomenological manifesto (1911), Edmund Husserl presents the famous motto, which should be realized by the new philosophy: “Weg mit den hohlen Wortanalysen. Die Sachen selbst wir müssen befragen. (...) Ganz trefflich! Aber was sind denn die Sachen (...)?“ Consequently, the history of phenomenology is presented as the sum of the efforts to reach the deeper level and more fundamental areas of the original "Sachen". Husserl’s discovery of the domain of pure consciousness was only the beginning of a long way leading to more original areas, such as life, existence, body, intersubjectivity, historicity, humanity etc. With this journey towards deeper fields of sense-constitution, the meaning of the phenomenological method was changed. Phenomenology cannot be a simple work of lonely soul looking for self-transparency in the field of its own consciousness, but it must be a kind of action, a deed, an existential transformation, and an increase of experience. Recently, e.g. Natalie Depraz presented a similar view. In my paper I would like to explore the possibility of a new perspective on phenomenology, which gives the philosophy and theatrical practice of Polish theater reformer Jerzy Grotowski (1933-1999). Although he was neither phenomenologist, nor a philosopher, in his notes on the human performance, collected and entitled Thoward a Poor Theater, he opens, as it seems, new possibilities of phenomenological practice.

3

Successful managers - their competences, demands of practice and stimulation of abilities

94%

Fichnová K. , Spálová L.

Komunikacja Społeczna. Czasopismo elektroniczne

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2014

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nr 1(9)

1-12

EN

This article deals with the identification of characteristics, abilities and competences of successful managers in the field of creative industry. In this work it is assumed that creativity and communication skills are unchangeable for a successful manager and it reflects new views of R. Florida on the connectivity between creativity and economic growth. The article presents what kind of creative competences future managers – students dispose (results show a high score of creativity) and in a short survey monitors creative abilities of managers from practice (paradoxically they reach the low score). It is also focused on real demands of praxis and suggests techniques for development of creativity, emotional intelligence and communication competences. The contribution was supported by grant VEGA 1/0399/11.

4

Between Rejection of Religion and World-Saving: Itineraries of Sociology and Postsecular Social Theory

83%

Hałas E.

Polish Sociological Review

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2014

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tom 186

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nr 2

167-178

EN

Encroachments of contemporary social theory on the field of theology are the focal point of this essay. In postmodernity, theology facilitates connections with social theory. In the domain of theology, sociocultural problems are being presented as theological issues. Secularized variants of world theology meet with theologizing postsecular social theory above and beyond sociology. This is facilitated by the constant discourse of ambiguity. In this discourse, “the theological” is a vehicle of indeterminate meanings. Praxis’ oriented discourse uses the term “social theory” with its modernist connotative envelope of science and rationality, but with no obligation whatsoever to maintain objectivity of cognition. Sociology doesn’t interfere with theological discourse, but may analyze it, leaving the otherworldly outside its perspective on sociocultural phenomena. The sociotheological discourse of ambiguity, however, opposes both religion and the rationality of science.

5

Political and Contemplative Life in Aristotle’s Account of Happiness

83%

Candiotto L.

Peitho. Examina Antiqua

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2012

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tom 3

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nr 1

143-154

EN

Through the concepts of ἔργον and βίος, the article describes the twohappiest forms of life, i.e., the theoretical and the political one, askingwhether happiness is founded on the conjunction of the two. Focusingon the connection between philosophy, education and politics the paperemphasizes the role of contemplation as πράξις and the importance ofphilosopher for the city.

IT

Through the concepts of ἔργον and βίος, the article describes the two happiest forms of life, i.e., the theoretical and the political one, asking whether happiness is founded on the conjunction of the two. Focusing on the connection between philosophy, education and politics the paper emphasizes the role of contemplation as πράξις and the importance of philosopher for the city.

6

Discrepancy Between Theory and Practice: The Bane of the Human World

83%

Eboh M. P.

Dialogue and Universalism

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2017

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nr 1

55-65

EN

Theory and practice are interconnected and analogous to each other. Theory gives rise to action, and action precipitates or begets new theories which may lead to further actions and so on, even though, some people try to force reality to fit into their precon-ceived theories. Discrepancies between theory and practice, word and action have caused disaffection, rifts and conflicts. Matching words with action inspires trust just as duplicity, i.e. saying one thing and doing another, generates bad blood. The problem of the world is the discrepancy between theory and practice or between the spoken word and action. When people (all over the world) begin to match word with action there will be peace, harmony and resounding success in global affairs, especially international relationships. The bridging of the gap requires the concerted efforts of one and all. In this paper, we shall take a critical look at the interrelatedness of theory and practice. We will seek also how to enable philosophy to transform the human world just as science transforms the physical world.

7

Myśl społeczna Zygmunta Baumana przed Marcem 1968: od „mechanistycznej” do „aktywistycznej” wersji marksizmu

83%

Brzeziński D.

Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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2014

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nr 6(32)

161-181

EN

In the middle of the 1960s Bauman indicated two ways of interpretation of Karl Marx’ thought. The former he defined as “mechanistic”, the latter as “activistic”. He stated that the representatives of the mechanistic one emphasise the concept of historical necessity. They aim at exploring the direction of social processes and making people conscious of it. The representatives of the activistic version of Marxism concentrate on the role of human praxis. They emphasise the role of individual initiative in making history. The typology made by Bauman is useful not only in making research of Marxist thought, but in outlining the evolution of his own very early sociology as well. When he began his academic career in Poland he had strongly believed in the laws of history and had anticipated the quick “leap to the Kingdom of Freedom”. However, in the course of time his view on this subject had changed. Short before his expulsion from Poland he accepted the “activistic” interpretation of Marxism, based on the indeterministic vision of society. In this paper I present this evolution and indicate the social and political factors that contributed to it. Another aim of this article is to evaluate the very early Marxist thought of Zygmunt Bauman.

8

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Signal Modelling and Contrasts : an Example of Manual Praxis Tasks

83%

Buchwald M.

Computational Methods in Science and Technology

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2021

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tom Vol. 27, No. 4

159--167

EN

The goal of neuroscience as a discipline is to understand how the neural system is organized in the brain, giving rise to mental processes and the control of behavior. One of the most frequently utilized methods in neuroscientific studies is the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), which is a non-invasive technique for quantifying brain processes dynamics. In a standard fMRI procedure, the hypothesis of the correlation between a cognitive task and the observed physiological signal is tested. This way, a certain computational model of a given brain mechanism can be validated. The procedure of modelling fMRI signal time course will be explained in this article as exemplified by planning functional grasps of tools. Subsequently, the results of contrasting model parameter estimates will be presented for a different experiment on manual praxis skills, i.e., bimanual tool grasps and manipulations.

9

The Theology of Performance and the Vedic Rituals Rethinking Theatricality and Performativity as a Discourse

83%

Ferrara M.

Cracow Indological Studies

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2017

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tom 19

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nr 1

25-58

EN

While the debate on the relationship between ritual and theatre goes back decades, the most recent speculation can be fully understood in the framework of the mutual influences between the social sciences and performance studies. In retrospect, the spreading of structuralism to anthropology, sociology, and history (among other fields) and the absorption of theory-oriented terms in theatre studies’ terminology have facilitated a linguistic and conceptual ambiguity (or simply a confusion). Such ambiguity arises especially from the attempt to outline the borders between the religious and the aesthetic. In this paper, I will focus on the crucial role of conventional terms such as ‘performance’ and ‘performative’, the increased use of which in different fields has given rise to new dichotomies, such as performativity vs theatricality, self vs role. I will discuss some theoretical issues that allow us to define a ritual text as ‘religious’ instead of ‘theatrical’, focusing on the performative effect of recitation, more specifically on the Vedic texts on ritual prescriptions and their aim to display the officiants’ skills and authoritativeness.

10

The Praxis of Mentoring: Power, Organising and Emancipation

83%

Lea Y.

Journal of Teacher Education for Sustainability

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2012

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tom 14

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nr 1

39-51

EN

The purpose of this article is twofold: first, to juxtapose the praxis of mentoring with its domination and, second, to examine the praxis of mentoring. The rationale of the inquiry is based on social reconstructivist principles, recognising that relational structures and human experiences are both productive and reproductive in nature and in effect. The inquiry has pedagogical implications for institutional practices in education and political implications for individual voluntary versus institutional organising. It is potentially counter-hegemonic against the discourse of globalisation inevitability. Overall, the paper investigates the development and socialisation of human agency in institutional and social associations in which the praxis of mentoring intervenes.

11

Gleaning on the Shores of Politics. Commoning as the New Philosophy of Praxis

82%

Moll Ł.

Praktyka Teoretyczna

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2020

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tom 36

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nr 2

35-66

PL

Artykuł włącza się w prowadzoną ostatnio przez teoretyków dóbr wspólnych dyskusję nad znaczeniem pojęcia uwspólniania (commoning). Proponuje uznać za podstawową cechę wyróżniającą praktyki uwspólniania zdolność do reprodukcji autonomii plebejskich światów życia, które potencjalnie wykraczać mogą ku post-kapitalistycznej przyszłości. Rozumienie uwspólniania jako aktywności podejmowanych przez zmarginalizowane podmiotowości zostało zaprezentowane na przykładzie zbieractwa. Ta tradycyjna czynność biedoty została w artykule poddana analizie jako dwuznaczna praktyka, która wymyka się dychotomiom działania i pasywności, pozytywności i negatywności, produkcji i reprodukcji. Zbieractwo, wraz ze swoimi reprodukcyjnymi cechami, potraktowane zostało jako modelowy fenomen dla uwspólniania, rozumianego jako nowa filozofia praxis, która pozostaje tak pożądana w dobie katastrofy ekologicznej i w obliczu zerwanych połączeń między pracą a opieką. Historia walk społecznych wokół zbieractwa i dóbr wspólnych, a także podmiotowości biednej pokłośnicy (glaneuse) i miejskiego szmaciarza (chiffonier), zostają przywołane w artykule, by rozpoznać niedoceniany potencjał uwspólniania do zakłócenia dziejów ślepego produktywizmu i – poprzez dążenie do odzyskania dóbr wspólnych – także do odzyskania naszej przyszłości.

EN

The article joins the recent discussion, led by theorists of the commons, on the meaning of “commoning”. It proposes to recognize as the main feature of the practice of commoning the capacity to reproduce the autonomy of plebeian life-worlds that could possibly lead to a post-capitalist future. The identification of commoning as the activity of marginal subjectivities is presented here with the example of gleaning. This traditional activity of the poor is re-examined in the article as an ambiguous practice that escapes the binaries of activity and passivity, positivity and negativity, production and reproduction. Gleaning, with its reproductive capacities, serves as a model for commoning, understood as the new philosophy of praxis, which is much needed in the times of ecological catastrophe and the broken connection between labour and care. The history of struggles around gleaning and the commons, and the figures of the poor female harvester (glaneuse) and urban ragpicker (chiffonier) are recalled in the article in order to recognize the much devaluated potential of commoning to interrupt the history of blind productivism and, together with reclaiming the commons, to also reclaim our future.

12

Ustawa 2.0 w prakseologicznym projekcie ustanawianej rzeczywistości

82%

Dembiński M.

Studia Edukacyjne

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2018

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nr 50

197-212

EN

The 2.0 law has come into force. However, its effects will be determined by the methods of its implementation by the staff of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, the authorities of Higher Education Institutions in Poland and academics dealing with science and arts. Achieving a consensus that satisfies all parties requires cooperation, openness to others, as well as work on the development of cooperation itself. The aim of the article is to emphasize the development of cooperation, which, according to the author, should be conditioned by “research in action”. Therefore, drawing attention to the elements of this structure, taking into account the “historical consciousness”, embedding these activities in the phronesis and developing the forms of understanding included in it, should be the foundations of an interpretation of the 2.0 law. However, the interpretation of this law will prove more friendly (useful) for the interested parties themselves, if the research in action will take into account the general idea of praxis.

13

(R)ewolucja prakseologiczna w myśleniu i działaniu pedagogicznym według Dietricha Bennera

71%

Stępkowski D.

Seminare. Poszukiwania naukowe

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2007

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tom 24

419-438

EN

ccording to Dietrich Benner (born in 1941), the separation of educational reflection from educational reality and its explanation have led to a great crisis in the contemporary philosophy of education. Benner states that the only chance of surmounting the crisis lies in a kind of rediscovery of the activity (in Greek – praxis ) as a fundamental element both for the educational reality and educational theory. The first paragraph of the article presents an explanation of praxis as a human phenomenon. Benner defines the activity as object-oriented as well as subject-forming. Therefore, praxis is viewed as a way to become human. There are six individual and social manifestations of praxis , that is economics, ethics, pedagogy, politics, art and religion. Although each one of them, in Benner’s opinion, has become distinct in modern times, they still share some specific features as physicality, freedom, history and language. In the second paragraph the pedagogical praxis is described and education is presented as fin- ish-oriented and of paradoxical character. The third paragraph gives an overview of two modes of pedagogical activity. The first one, originating from the antiquity, is based on social experience and teaching. The second mode began in modern times and presumes that education is not a self-governing process, but one mediated by pedagogical institutions, whose main aim is to prepare young people for their adult life. The last paragraph is devoted to the range of pedagogical praxis realization. According to Benner the realization of pedagogical praxis takes place in three dimensions, that is self-negating relation of authority, education through teaching and transition to cooperation between generations.

14

Where does Łódź leak?

71%

Staniszewska D. , Olejniczak A.

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nr 4

271–279

EN

The text concerns the potential area of cooperation between anthropologists, architects and local community, who lives in space that is to be projected. The city of Łódź faces several urban, economic and political obstacles and problems. The article presents the project, the aim of which was to show that the architecture as a discipline should care about the users of space and ask them about their needs and make them the members of a revitalization project. Therefore, cultural anthropology with its fieldwork methodology is a chance to hear what the people say about the place where they live or would like to live. The authors plan to conduct action research among the inhabitants of Łódź’s backyards and to create a participatory design, which is also aiming at improving civil attitudes.

15

Aristotle’s Criticism of the Platonic Idea of the Good in Nicomachean Ethics 1.6

71%

Mouzala M. G.

Peitho. Examina Antiqua

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2017

|

tom 8

|

nr 1

309-342

EN

In Nicomachean Ethics 1.6, Aristotle directs his criticism not only against the Platonic Idea of the Good but also against the notion of a universal Good. In this paper, I also examine some of the most interesting aspects of his criticism of the Platonic Good and the universal Good in Eudemian Ethics 1.8. In the EN, after using a series of disputable ontological arguments, Aristotle’s criticism culminates in a strong ethical or rather practical and, simultaneously, epistemological argument, from which a dialectical postulatum emerges. This argument aims to show that we have to discover the dialectical stages or grades which constitute the relation between the ultimate End, i.e., the Good simpliciter or the absolute Good, and the relational goods till the last prakton good in which each specific praxis ends. According to the present reading, Aristotle sets out to establish a kind of Dialectic of the ends (Dialektikē tōn telōn) or Dialectic of the goods (Dialektikē tōn agathōn), which puts emphasis on the descent to the specific good, which is appropriate to and cognate with each individual, be that a person, praxis, science or craft. It is also suggested that this might be relevant to Aristotle’s tendency to establish a separation of phronēsis, i.e., practical wisdom, from sophia, i.e., wisdom, in the Nicomachean Ethics.

16

The Lessons of Gramsci’s Philosophy of Praxis

71%

Moussaly O.

Dialogue and Universalism

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2020

|

nr 1

119-138

EN

For many intellectuals, including the philosopher Cornelius Castoriadis, the historical destiny of Marxism-Leninism has discredited the philosophy of praxis. It can no longer serve as a source for radical political thought. Analyzing the theoretical contributions of the Italian Marxist Antonio Gramsci, we argue that a renewal of Marxism is both possible and needed. After more than forty years of neoliberal capitalism, a revitalized Marxism can contribute to the critique of contemporary forms of economic exploitation and statist domination. We propose that it is the concepts developed by Castoriadis that need to be translated and adapted to this reformed philosophy of praxis.

17

Zaburzenia praksji u dzieci ze spektrum autyzmu w świetle teorii integracji sensorycznej

71%

Białas-Paluch K.

Człowiek - Niepełnosprawność - Społeczeństwo

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2017

|

nr 1(35)

75-95

PL

Artykuł koncentruje się wokół problematyki dyspraksji w spektrum zaburzeń autystycznych. W pierwszej części omówiono pojęcie dyspraksji, która jest różnie definiowana i rozumiana, oraz przedstawiono ją w odniesieniu do obowiązującej taksonomii zaburzeń integracji sensorycznej. W kolejnych – przedstawione zostały zaburzenia przetwarzania sensorycznego, w tym planowania motorycznego u dzieci z ASD, jak również jego sensoryczne podłoże. W końcowej części dokonano przeglądu badań nad praksją w zaburzeniach ze spektrum autyzmu. Analiza literatury wskazuje, że zaburzenia przetwarzania sensorycznego, jak również planowania motorycznego, mogą współwystępować z autyzmem. Głównym celem artykułu jest próba ukazania, w jakim wymiarze teoria integracji sensorycznej bierze udział w wyjaśnianiu przebiegu (zaburzonych) procesów motorycznych u osób z autyzmem.

EN

The article focuses on the issue of dyspraxia in autism spectrum disorder. The first part discusses the term dyspraxia, which is variously defined and understood, and presents it in relation to the current taxonomy of sensory integration disorders. The subsequent sections present abnormal sensory processing, including motor planning in children with ASD, as well as its sensory origin. The final section reviews research on praxis in autism spectrum disorders. The analysis of literature indicates that abnormal sensory processing and motor planning may co-occur with autism. The main aim of this article is an attempt to show to what extent the theory of sensory integration takes part in explaining the course of (impaired) motor processes in people with autism.

18

Zużyta kategoria uczestnictwa? Między polską tradycją humanistyczną a perspektywą performatywną

71%

Matysek-Imielińska M.

Prace Kulturoznawcze

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2016

|

tom 20

85-104

EN

In the field of Polish humanist studies, the category of “participation in culture” has been broadly examined. Nowadays there are more frequent voices announcing “the end of participation culture”, and that it is ahighly exploited research category. Instead, the academics underline the dynamic character of changes in modern culture and the necessity to attract attention to its “active” aspect, underlining the self-agency of subjects. Thus in the area of culture studies, we observe an interest in performative perspective. In Polish humanist studies Isearch for such participation concepts, which go beyond the field related to arts (establishing relation work of art — recipient) and activist engagement (indicating f.i. resistance, or social movements). Iam particularly interested in theoretical proposals, related to the category of everyday life, social and cultural practices, or even the category of praxis. While recalling this category Iinquire, whether performative perspective can be inspiring and helpful for redefining and modernizing the category of participation in culture.

19

Logic and its Pragmatic Aspects

71%

Marsonet M.

Academicus. International Scientific Journal

|

2018

|

nr 17

46-53

EN

A pragmatist conception of logic rejects any kind of logical constructionism, based on the appeal to privileged ontological and epistemological items and to a perfect language supposedly provided by mathematical logic. Even in logic, “pluralism” must be the key-word if one does not want to be locked in the cage of conceptions that become rapidly outdated. Dealing with the dichotomy Absolutism/Relativism in logic, it may be observed that the enterprise of logic can be considered in several - and substantially different - perspectives, among which we find (1) the psychologistic, (2) the Platonistic, and (3) the instrumentalistic viewpoints. According to (1) logic is viewed as fundamentally descriptive, and its task is taken to be that of outlining a “theory of reasoning,” i.e. a systematic account of how we humans proceed when reasoning successufully. According to (3), instead, logic’s task is that of constructing rigorous systems codifying not only actual, but also possible instrumentalities for conducting valid inferences, and these would be available (should someone want to avail himself to them) for adoption as an organon of reasoning, but no empirical claims are made that anyone has (or will) avail himself of this opportunity. The logician devises a tool or instrument for correct reasoning, but does not concern himself about the uses of this instrument. Philosophy and logic cannot be linked so closely, and today the idea that the analytic style of philosophizing is just one style among many others, and not the only possible one, is gaining increasing acceptance.

20

Antygona jako homo sacer. Przedpolityczna przemoc w świecie bez praxis

71%

Wojciechowska A.

Facta Ficta. Journal of Theory, Narrative & Media

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2019

|

tom 3

|

nr 1

17-28

EN

This paper is a proposition of a new intepretation of Sophokles’ ‘Antigone’. Author uses a specific term homo sacer to analyze the reality of ancien polis described in the tragedy. Both Giorgio Agamben and Judith Butler made use of the concept of homo sacer to read ‘Antigone’ but they gave it a modern approach. Agamben treats the homo sacer as a person who is deprived of the laws and who, as a result, is banished from a community. He sees the homo sacer in modern refugees. The author of this chapter acknowledges Butler’s and Agamben’s approach but also reaches to the originis of the term. The idea of a sacred man derrives from pre-Roman law, which is described as a pre-politic law of violence. The author analyzes the situation of Antigone who becomes the homo sacer after being cursed by Creon. Antigone takes an action (praxis) while public speaking and therefore she steals the law which was originally available to polis citizens – men. She then becomes a woman-citizen, somone who has no place in polis. Antigone’s status is to be ‘in-between’, she is no woman, nor man. There is no place for her in polis. That is why she must be cursed and called the homo sacer. The new identity is given to her by the law. The aim of the chapter is to prove that the Antigone’s fate of being the homo sacer shows the moment of degeneration of the Greek polis. It shows what happens if the pre-politic violence becomes a part of the community.