Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Morphological and biochemical variation among common reed (Phragmites australis) populations in northwest Poland

100%

Drapikowska M. , Krzakowa M.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2009

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tom Vol. 38, No.2

29-38

EN

Plant material from 42 common reed populations originating from various lakes and ponds in northwest Poland were investigated with respect to eight panicle traits and three peroxidase loci that were detected with electrophoresis. Genetic differences between populations were estimated based on allozyme frequencies. Electrophoretic data indicated that some populations contain an excess of heterozygotes, pointing to extensive gene flow, which is typical of panmictic, openpollinated populations.

2

Genetic characteristics of three Baltic Zostera marina populations

88%

Gonciarz M. , Wiktor J. , Tatarek A. , Węgleński P. , Stanković A.

Oceanologia

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2014

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tom No. 56 (3)

549--564

EN

We performed genetic analyses of three Baltic eelgrass (Zostera marina) populations in Puck Bay (PB), Cudema Bay (CB) and Greifswalder Bodden (GB). The aim of this study was to identify the eelgrass population genetically closest to that from the PB, which could potentially serve as a reservoir for the restoration of the underwater meadows in this bay, seriously degraded in the past. We applied a 12-microsatellite assay to test the genetic distance between the target eelgrass populations. We found that the allelic richness values of the GB, PB and CB populations were 2.25, 3.77 and 3.50 respectively. The genetic diversity found in GB was low and could be explained by the population's history, whereas the diversity of CB was higher than expected in a population located at the edge of the species' range. Analyses of genetic differentiation and structure showed that of the three populations studied, PB and CB were closer to each other than to the GB population. The reasons for this differentiation in eelgrass populations and the implications of the results of their genetic analysis on the planned restoration of the PB populations are discussed.

3

Steps or Revolutions—Emotions in Biology

88%

Gecow A.

Dialogue and Universalism

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2014

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nr 2

155-174

EN

The development of biology too frequently and inappropriately takes on the character of large revolutions instead of consecutive approximations. Revolution means a change of the basic factors of explanation. It leads to struggle and emotions. Revolutions in science and of political systems have common rules and lead to simplifications. I just point out these simplifications, including the lack of grounds for treating many discoveries as revolutions on given scale. Ordering of the range and the importance of the discoveries from Cuvier, Lamarck and Darwin to genetics and Jablonka, is necessary for the abolition of current simplifications and the unblock of the path to the next approximations.

4

Genetic diversity of postglacial relict shrub Betula nana revealed by RAPD analysis

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Dabrowska G. , Dzialuk A. , Burnicka O. , Ejankowski W. , Gugnacka-Fiedor W. , Goc A.

Dendrobiology

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2006

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tom 55

19-23

EN

A sample of Betula nana from the Linie reserve near Dąbrowa Chełmińska, have been fingerprinted using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). The high level of genetic variation was detected. All individuals had unique genotypes, supporting the generally high resolving power of RAPD’s. For the conservation strategy, information about the distribution of the genetic variation within and among populations plays very important role. Thus, extensive study in other populations of dwarf birch is needed.

5

Population genetic structure of Iris pumila L. in Ukraine: effects of habitat fragmentation

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Bublyk O. , Andreev I. , Parnikoza I. , Kunakh V. , Bublyk O. , Andreev I. , Parnikoza I. , Kunakh V.

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6

Application of microsatellite markers developed for arvicoline species in a population genetic study of the root vole Microtus oeconomus

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Czajkowska M. , Borkowska A. , Wieczorek M. , Zub K.

Acta Theriologica

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2010

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tom 55

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nr 2

123-128

EN

Using a root vole Microtus oeconomus (Pallas, 1776) population in NE Poland we applied 31 microsatellite markers previously developed for root voles and closely related species, with the aim to improve the population genetic tools in this species. Here we present 16 polymorphic microsatellite markers grouped into four sets suitable for simultaneous amplification and genetically sex identification in M. oeconomus. The number of alleles per locus in 227 individuals varied from 7 to 26 with a low frequency of null alleles, expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.758 to 0.927, and observed heterozygosity from 0.722 to 0.947. Two loci showed significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p<0.05) and all loci showed independent inheritance. We expect these markers to be useful for studies of genetic population structure and kinship of M. oeconomus populations.

7

New multiplex PCR assays for estimating genetic diversity in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) by polymorphism of microsatellite DNA

75%

Kaczmarczyk D. , Kaczor A.

Environmental Biotechnology

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2013

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tom Vol. 9, No. 1

19--24

EN

Multiplex PCR is a useful technique for estimating genetic diversity. This paper presents 3 new sets of primer pairs for effectively amplifying 10 microsatellite DNA loci from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Unlike other sets of primer pairs that have been developed for amplifying rainbow trout microsatellite loci, ours do not require the hot-start PCR technique. In the paper, we describe the steps taken to choose the loci for each multiplex assay and to verify the genotyping results. We provide the compositions of the PCR mixture and the characteristics of the PCR thermal profile recommended for amplification.

8

Polimorfizm locus SE33 w populacji Górnego Śląska (Polska południowa)

75%

Droździok K. , Kabiesz J. , Tomsia M. , Rębała K.

Problemy Kryminalistyki

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2014

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nr 284

PL

Praca przedstawia wyniki badań populacyjnych w obrębie locus ACTBP2 (human beta-actinrelatedpseudogene (SE33) w populacji Górnego Śląska. Locus SE33 jest najbardziej polimorficznym ze wszystkich markerów stosowanych dotychczas w genetyce sądowej, zarówno w badaniach dotyczących ustalania sporności ojcostwa, pokrewieństwa i w identyfikacji śladów biologicznych. Badania przeprowadzono w grupie 1315 osobników dorosłych, niespokrewnionych, płci męskiej i żeńskiej. Celem niniejszej pracy było określenie częstości występowania poszczególnych alleli locus SE33 w badanej populacji, ocena zgodności rozkładu alleli z prawem Hardy-Weinberga, obliczenie parametrów oceniających przydatność markera w medycynie sądowej. Zbadanie homogenności rozkładu alleli SE33 pomiędzy badaną populacją a populacjami z innych obszarów Polski.

EN

In the paper the authors show the results of the population research on locus SE 33 in a representative sample of 1315 unrelated individuals (males and females) of European origin living in a southern part of Poland (Upper Silesia).

9

Population ecology and population genetics. Expectations and limitations

75%

Falinska K.

Seria Biologiczna. Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu

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2005

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tom 72

10

Population genetics of the springbok Antidorcas marsupialis - a preliminary study

75%

Bigalke R. C. , Hartl G. B. , Berry M. P. S. , Van Hensbergen H. J.

Acta Theriologica. Supplement

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1993

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tom 38

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nr 2

EN

Biochemical-genetic variation was studied in springbok Antidorcas m. marsupialis (Zimmermann, 1780) from a large (N > 2000) "wild" population (n = 24) and a small (30 > N > 20) isolated farm population (n = 10) using electrophoretic allozyme analysis. Springbok showed polymorphisms at eight out of 46 loci. The springbok from the large population had a higher proportion of polymorphic loci (P = 15.6%) than those from the small population (P = 8.9%). Average heterozygosity (H = 5.1% and H = 4.1%, respectively) was similar for the two populations. This unexpected result is an artefact of the method for calculating H. H:P ratios are lower for the large population than the small one. The distribution of genotypes differed significantly from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for two loci. These were found to have a preponderance of homozygotes. This could not be explained by population fragmentation. The levels of polymorphism and heterozygosity are high compared to results from other African bovids.

11

Genetic evidence for the distinctness of Kangal dogs

75%

Altunok V. , Koban E. , Chikhi L. , Schaffer A. , Pedersen N. C. , Nizamlioglu M. , Togan I.

Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy

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2005

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tom 49

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nr 2

12

Enzyme electrophoretic variation of the coot clam [Mulinia lateralis, Bivalvia] along the Atlantic coast of the USA

75%

Wenne R.

Genetica Polonica

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1992

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tom 33

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nr 2

13

Allozyme variability in Bulgarian wild boar populations

75%

Randi E. , Massei G. , Genov P.

Acta Theriologica

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1992

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tom 37

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nr 3

14

Population genetics of 10 short tandem repeat [STR] loci in a population sample of the ethnic group of Polish Tatars living in the Podlasie area [Northeastern Poland]

75%

Pepinski W. , Janica J. , Aleksandrowicz-Bukin M. , Skawronska M. , Koc-Zorawska E. , Niemcunowicz-Janica A.

Folia Morphologica

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2004

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tom 63

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nr 2

EN

Laboratories worldwide are contributing to a large and growing database for different populations. This study provides a 10 STR database for a population sample of Polish Tatars living in the area of Podlasie for the use as a highly discriminatory system of genetic markers in the forensic community. The genotype frequency distributions showed no deviations from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) except for D3S1358, FGA, D18S51 and D16S539, based on the Fisher Exact Test. Significant differences between the Polish Tatars and the native population of Podlasie were found in loci D3S1358, FGA, D2S1338, D21S11 and D19S433. The combined values of the Matching Probability and of the Power of Exclusion are 1 in 2.83 × 10⁻¹² and 0.998, respectively.

15

Allozyme variability and differentiation in Serbian roe deer populations Capreolus capreolus

63%

Milosevic-Zlatanovic S. , Crnobrnja-Isailovic J. , Stamenkovic S.

Acta Theriologica

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2005

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tom 50

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nr 4

429-444

EN

The present study investigates the genetic structure of 12 roe deerCapreolus capreolus Linnaeus, 1758 population samples from Serbia, by screening a total of 334 individuals. We examined whether genetic differentiation exists in local populations in Serbia, and addressed the question whether management policies may affect genetic structure. The populations were analysed by multilocus protein electrophoresis, with 33 protein loci examined. Screening of 20 enzymes and one group of general proteins revealed polymorphism at the following 12 loci: Sdh, Mdh-1, Me-1, Idh-2, 6-Pgd-1,αGpd, Ak, Pgm-1, Pgm-2, Ca, Mpi andGpi. Among samples, the proportion of polymorphic loci varied between 3–15.2% (mean 11.9%), while the average gene diversity was in the range of 1.1–4.2%. The overall genetic differentiation was low (θ = 0.03). The comparison of two regional population groups (northern-southern, separated by the Danube River) showed an absence of genetic differentiation between regions. Gene flow was estimated at 8.96 migrants per generation, and was higher in the lowland than in the highland group. Three loci (Ca, 6-Pgd andGpd-1) showed clinal variation along a geographical gradient. Additional five alleles of four loci (Ak, Pgm-1, Gpi, 6-Pgd) showed significant spatial autocorrelation. Genetic distances were small (D = 0–0.004). Northern and southern populations clustered separately. For at least three populations game management practices provide evidence for outlying genetic parameters. The observed heterogeneity in the inbreeding level was deemed more under the influence of non-random mating strengthened by game management, than by overall selective pressure.

16

Badania populacyjne mieszkańców Polski południowej zestawem AmpFlSTRSGM PlusTM

63%

Droździok K. , Kabiesz J. , Tomsia M. , Nowicka J. , Kulikowska J.

Problemy Kryminalistyki

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2013

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nr 282

17-20

PL

Praca przedstawia wyniki badań populacyjnych w obrębie 10 loci STR na podstawie komercyjnego zestawu AmpFlSTRSGM PlusTM firmy Applied Biosystems: D3S1358, VWA, D16S539, D2S1338, AMEL, D8S1179, D21S11, D18S51, D19S433, TH01 i FGA w populacji Polski południowej. Badania przeprowadzono w grupie 704 osobników dorosłych, niespokrewnionych, płci męskiej i żeńskiej, zamieszkujących na terenie Polski południowej. Cele niniejszej pracy to: określenie częstości występowania alleli 10 autosomalnych loci STR w populacji Polski południowej, ocena zgodności rozkładu alleli z prawem Hardy’ego–Weinberga, obliczenie parametrów oceniających przydatność markerów w genetyce sądowej i ich porównanie. Na podstawie uzyskanych częstości alleli wyliczono wybrane parametry statystyczne (PD, PIC, MEC, PM, Ht i MEP) wskazujące na wysoką przydatność analizowanych loci w medycynie sądowej.

EN

In the paper the authors show the results of the population research on STR loci: D3S1358,VWA,D16S539, D2S1338, AMEL, D8S1179, D21S11, D18S51, D19S433, THO1 and FGA in a representative sample of 704 unrelated men and women coming from South Poland with the use of an AmpFISTR®SGM PlusTM kit (A&A Biotechnology). The aim of the research was to study the distribution of allele frequencies of 10 autosomal STR loci in south Poland population, show genetic balance in agreement with Hardy-Weinberg’s law as well as to calculate and compare statistical parameters (PD,PIC, MEC, PM, Ht and MEP) which allowed to assess the usefulness of the genetic markers for paternity testing and forensic identification purposes.

17

Genetic diversity of Galium cracoviense Ehrend. [Rubiaceae] - the Polish endemic plant

63%

Cieslak E. , Szelag Z.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2009

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tom 78

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nr 2

123-129

EN

Genetic diversity of Galium cracoviense, a narrow endemic species, limited to the small area in southern Poland and concentrated on Jurassic limestone outcrops near Częstochowa, was examined using the AFLP marker. Twenty nine individuals from three spatially isolated populations were used for the study. AFLP analysis yielded 157 bands, of which 110 (70%) were polymorphic. The AMOVA analysis revealed a substantially higher variation within populations (89.35%) than among them (10.65%). Values of parameters describing population genetic diversity, such as Shannon index and gene diversity index estimated for each population, were highly similar. The results indicate a high level of genetic polymorphism as well as a high genetic similarity of the isolated populations of G. cracoviense and thus an unconstrained gene flow between them. Based on the results we conclude that additional demographic and genetic studies, are necessary to monitor potential decrease of populations size resulting mainly from the mechanical destruction of plants and their habitats caused by intense tourism. Due to the small general range of occurrence, conservation should include the highest possible number of populations of G. cracoviense.

18

Genetic characteristics of three Baltic Zostera marina populations

63%

Gonciarz M. , Wiktor J. , Tatarek A. , Weglenski P. , Stankovic A.

Oceanologia

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2014

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tom 56

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nr 3

19

Genetic diversity of an invasive invertebrate in an urban environment, as exemplified by the harlequin ladybird Harmonia axyridis (Pallas, 1773)

63%

Rutkowski R. , Kosewska A. , Ceryngier P. , Szczepanski S. , Wawer W. , Twardowska K. , Twardowski J.

Annales Zoologici

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2017

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tom 67

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nr 4

EN

Urbanised areas are capable of exerting a strong impact on the distribution of genetic diversity within populations of animals. Urban invertebrate species are currently either relicts from pre-urban ecosystems, or have immigrated during or following urbanisation. We analysed 10 microsatellite loci in 196 specimens of the harlequin ladybird (Harmonia axyridis), an invasive species in Poland sampled in three of the country’s cities. Of Asiatic origin, this ladybird has been spreading through other continents, including Europe. Results showed that the Polish cities are being invaded by harlequin ladybirds that are uniform in terms of their genetic pool, with no significant genetic differentiation present between the urban populations investigated. Rapid spread and what are probably the large numbers of individuals colonising new areas allow this species to maintain high genetic diversity and avoid bottleneck effects. However, we suggest that urban populations differ in terms of genetic diversity. The highest genetic diversity characterises the most recently invaded area of Olsztyn in the north of Poland. Genetic data further suggest that this population could be still in an expansion phase. The earliest colonising population in Wrocław exhibits signs of a Wahlund effect, suggesting that gene flow among local groups within this urban area could be disturbed or impaired. We conclude that, in the case of an urban population of the harlequin ladybird, successful colonisation is followed by the onset of a decline in genetic diversity, with isolation between local sampling sites appearing. Further studies are required, however, if this process is to be elucidated.

20

Cross-species amplification of microsatellite markers in the invasive spiny-cheek crayfish [Orconectes limosus]: assessment and application

63%

Hulak M. , Kaspar V. , Kozak P. , Buric M. , Filipova L. , Petrusek A.

Journal of Applied Genetics

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2010

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tom 51

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nr 1

73-78

EN

The North American spiny-cheek crayfish, Orconectes limosus (Cambaridae), endangered in its native range, is a widespread invasive species in European waters and conservationally important carrier of crayfish plague. However, its population structure is poorly known, and no informative genetic markers for the species are available. We tested cross-species transfer of microsatellite loci to spiny-cheek crayfish from 5 other crayfish species. Variability of 10 successfully amplifying loci derived from 4 species was then tested in 60 individuals of O. limosus originating from 3 natural populations: the river Danube at Bogyiszló in Hungary, a pond in Starý Klíčov, and the brook Černovický, both in the Czech Republic. The allele number within the populations ranged from 4 to 10 alleles per locus, while heterozygosity levels varied from 0.650 to 0.900 for Ho and from 0.660 to 0.890 for He. No linkage disequilibrium and no null alleles were detected. The selected markers are useful for assessing population structure, intraspecific variation, and paternity studies in spiny-cheek crayfish.