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1
Content available Nootropics: Phytochemicals with Neuroprotective and Neurocognitive Enhancing Properties
100%
Héctor B. Crespo-Bujosa H. B. , Ramón L. F. Suárez Rodríguez R. L. F.
European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
|
2019
|
nr 3
250-255
EN
Introduction. Neurological chronic conditions represent a healthcare concern worldwide. They hinder a person’s functionality affecting family, social interactions, as well as academic and work performance. In addition, the complexity of these illnesses and the variable response to treatments, as well as the side-effects, call for the research and implementation of phytochemicals known as Nootropics to form part of an integrative treatment. Aim. To present the influence of nootropics on neuroprotection and neurocognition. Material and methods. Analysis of literature data found in the PubMed database. Results. Nootropics, which can be synthetic or natural, possess properties that translate in enhancement of mental or neurocognitive functions. Within the natural options, vitamins, plants and even fungi have been found to produce cognitive enhancement with less side-effects. Continuing research has shown promising therapeutic uses for B vitamins, Hericium herinaceus and Ginkgo biloba as coadjuvants in the treatment of neurologic chronic conditions to improve an individual’s neurocognitive functions and quality of life. Conclusion. Nootropics open the door for new research, clinical implementation and promotion of integrative health especially in cognitive neuroscience by implementing products of natural sources. This is particularly important in order to identify side-effects, drug-herb interactions, proper posology and synergic actions that may prove to improve neurocognitive functioning and health improvement.
2
Content available remote Green synthesis and spectral analysis of surface encapsulated copper (II) oxide nanostructures
88%
Prasad A. S.
Materials Science Poland
|
2019
|
tom Vol. 37, No. 3
503--509
EN
Nanostructures of copper (II) oxide were synthesized through chemical reduction of copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate using phytochemicals present in leaf extracts of Leucas aspera. The crystalline phases and size were assessed by X-ray diffraction data analysis. From the Bragg reflection peaks, existence of monoclinic end-centered phase of copper (II) oxide along with presence of cubic primitive phase of copper (I) oxide and traces of cubic face centered lattices of zero valent copper was revealed. The three Raman active modes corresponding to CuO phase were identified in the sample with permissible merging of characteristic bands due to nanostructuring and organic capping. The surface topography measurement using field emission scanning electron microscope evidenced the occurrence of cylindrical rod shaped morphological structures along with a number of unshaped aggregates in the sample. The effective crystallite size and lattice strain were estimated from Williamson-Hall analysis of Bragg reflection data. Tauc plot analysis of UV-Vis-NIR absorption data in direct transition mode provided an estimation of band gap, viz. 1.83 eV and 2.06 eV respectively, for copper (II) oxide and copper (I) oxide. Thermal degradation study using thermogravimetric curve analysis could reveal the amount of moisture content, volatile components as well as the polymer capping over nanorods present in the sample. It could be seen that upon heating, inorganic core crystals undergo oxidation process and at temperature above 464 °C, the sample was found to be composed solely of inorganic crystallite phase of copper (II) oxide.
3
Content available Comparative study of the properties of yellow and brown Cyperus esculentus L.
88%
Ihenetu S. C. , Ibe F. C. , Inyamah P. C.
World News of Natural Sciences
|
2021
|
tom 35
25-37
EN
The present research accounts for the physicochemical and phytochemical characteristics of yellow and brown Cyperus esculentus, which were subjected to standard chemical and biochemical analysis. The results obtained from the analysis of yellow tiger nut showed the following phytochemical properties: anthocyanin 0.82 ± 0.02 µg/ml, oxalate 1.43 ± 0.05 µg/ml, tannin 12.22 ± 0.10 µg/ml, rutin 39.19 ± 0.29 µg/ml, phenol 10.94 ± 0.05 µg/ml, lunamarine 38.99 ± 0.07 µg/ml, saponin 44.67 ± 0.15 µg/ml, ribalinidine 1.35 ± 0.03 µg/ml, phytate 0.33 ± 0.01 µg/ml, catechin 48.29 ± 0.04 µg/ml, and kaempferol 38.59 ± 0.02 µg/ml. The brown tiger nut showed the presence of the phytochemicals with values as: anthocyanin 0.01 ± 0.00 µg/ml, oxalate 2.66 ± 0.02 µg/ml, tannin 12.67 ± 0.04 µg/ml, rutin 43.99 ± 0.05 µg/ml, phenol 11.02 ± 0.10 µg/ml, lunamarine 39.66 ± 0.03 µg/ml, saponin 47.79 ± .06 µg/ml, ribalinidine 1.21 ± 0.04 µg/ml, phytate 0.28 ± 0.03 µg/ml, catechin 46.77 ± 0.05 µg/ml, and kaempferol 38.34 ± 0.15 µg/ml. The observed level of mineral elements in the tiger nut is in the increasing order of zinc > sodium > iron > copper > calcium > magnesium > potassium for yellow tiger nut, and for brown tiger nut the order is zinc > sodium > iron > copper > calcium > magnesium > potassium. The values of physical and chemical properties recorded for yellow tiger nut is in the increasing order of moisture > ash content > crude protein > crude fiber > crude fat > carbohydrate, the increasing order for brown tiger nut shows ash content > moisture > crude protein > crude fiber > crude fat > carbohydrate. This indicates that tiger nuts contain elevated carbohydrate levels, crude fat and protein. From the data obtained, the high potassium to low sodium ratio of the two species of tiger nuts consequently might be imperative in diet recommendations for patients with high blood pressure (high BP) and edema as well. The investigated tiger nut varieties are rich sources of the phytochemicals, oil and contain moderate amounts of protein. They are also rich sources of fiber and carbohydrates. The phytochemical constituents of the tiger nuts are important and could be of high commercial significance in both, research institutes and pharmaceuticals companies for manufacturing of new drugs and for therapeutic applications.
4
Content available Trace metal, FTIR and phytochemical analysis of Viscum album leaves harvested from Pentaclethra macrophylla
88%
Chizoruo I. F. , Onyekachi I. B. , Ebere E. C.
World News of Natural Sciences
|
2019
|
tom 25
61-71
EN
The leaves of mistletoe (Viscum album) harvested from oil bean tree (Pentaclethra macrophylla) in Imo State South Eastern Nigeria was studied. The study was aimed at carrying out trace metal, Fourier Transform Infra-red (FTIR) and phytochemical analysis of ethanol leave extracts of Viscum album harvested from Pentaclethra macrophylla. The sample for trace metal analysis was digested with a mixture of concentrated HNO3 and HClO4 at a ratio of 1:1 for 24 hours. Ethanol was then used to extract the sample meant for FTIR and phytochemical analysis. Herein, trace metal determination indicates the presence of Mg, Zn, Fe, Cu and Cr, and the concentration of Ca and Mn is at < 0.00 mg/kg. The result of the phytochemical screening demonstrates the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, phenols, saponins and tannins. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of alcohols, amides, aromatics and carbonyl compounds in ethanol extracts of Viscum album harvested from Pentaclethra macrophylla. The presence of some trace metals and phytochemicals, as well as some important functional groups in the plant sample, as indicated by the result of the study, authenticates its use in traditional medicine.
5
Content available Phytochemicals, nutraceuticals and antinutritional factors assessment of young leaves of Colocasia esculenta (L) Schott
75%
Eneh G. D. O. , Okon O. G. , Imabong F. E. , Mfoniso E. J. , Olajumoke I. O.
World News of Natural Sciences
|
2018
|
tom 20
12-22
EN
Phytochemicals, proximate, minerals and anti-nutrient compositions of young cocoyam (Colocasia esculenta) leaves were determined using standard methods. Qualitative and quantitative analyses for phytochemicals confirmed the presence of bioactive constituents such as alkaloids, flavonoids and saponins in appreciable amounts, while terpenes, cardiac glycocides and tannins were only present in trace concentrations. Mineral analysis revealed that K recorded the highest content - with 214.00 ± 2.11 mg/100g, followed by Ca - 157.10 ± 1.47 mg/100g, Mg - 63.00 ± 0.58 mg/100g, P - 32.00 ± 0.61 mg/100g, while Fe had the lowest value - 0.10 ± 0.14 mg/100g. Proximate composition analysis of C. esculenta leaves indicated that CHO, protein and crude fibre were present in high quantities (35.22, 17.10 and 16.41 % respectively), while fat was at the lowest content (8.82%). Anti-nutritional factor analysis of young leaves of C. esculenta indicated that phytates was present in huge quantity - 11.03 ± 0.12mg/g, followed by oxalates - 7.62 ± 0.14 mg/g, while tannins recorded the lowest anti-nutritional contents - 0.12 ± 0.06 mg/g. This study has also revealed that the young leaves of C. esculenta contain appreciable levels of bioactive components (phytochemicals such as as alkaloids, flavonoids and saponins; minerals K, Ca, Mg, P and Fe) and appreciable amounts of CHO, protein and crude fibre. The results of anti-nutrients analysis showed high contents of phytate and oxalate. The last is probably responsible for the itching effect and also interferes with the utilization of essential nutrients. Thus, young leaves of C. esculenta provide appreciable quantities of nutrients and thus can rival other conventional vegetables normally consumed in Nigeria.
6
Fitozwiązki jako wszechstronne dodatki do polimerów
63%
Olejnik O. , Masek A.
Modelowanie Inżynierskie
|
2021
|
tom T. 42, nr 73
30--34
PL
Substancje pomocnicze są niezbędne, by poprawić lub nadać nowe właściwości materiałom polimerowym. Niestety, wiele z dodatków nie tylko otrzymywana jest z surowców nieodnawialnych, ale także negatywnie oddziałuje na środowisko naturalne oraz zdrowie człowieka, co jest coraz częściej komentowane przez naukowców z dziedziny ekologii. Niniejsza praca przedstawia przykłady fitozwiązków ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem przeciwutleniaczy, które mogą być stosowane jako wszechstronne proekologiczne dodatki do polimerów. Mają one szansę spełniać rolę nie tylko stabilizatorów, ale także wiele z nich może jednocześnie znaleźć inne zastosowanie, np. jako barwniki, napełniacze, plastyfikatory, indykatory starzenia czy substancje sieciujące. Związki te mogą sprawdzić się w roli proekologicznych dodatków z uwagi na ich pochodzenie, nietoksyczność oraz zdolność do biodegradacji.
EN
Additives are necessary in order to improve or give to polymeric materials new properties. Unfortunately, many of these substances are derived from nonrenewable resources as well as they have a negative impact on natural envi- ronment and human health, which is widely commented by ecologists. This paper presents examples of phyto- chemicals, especially natural antioxidants, which can be applied as versatile pro-ecological additives for polymers. These natural substances can be utilized not only as stabilizers, but also as dyes, fillers, plasticizers, aging indica- tors or curing agents simultaneously. These compounds can be used as fully pro-ecological additives because of the origin, non-toxicity and biodegradability.
7
Nutraceutyki - szansa dla zdrowia współczesnych konsumentów
63%
Kostecka M. , Czernecki T. , Szot P.
Przemysł Spożywczy
|
2017
|
tom T. 71, nr 2
36--40
PL
Nutraceutyk to żywność lub substancja wyizolowana z produktu żywnościowego, która ma udowodnione naukowo działanie prozdrowotne w obszarze terapeutycznym lub profilaktyki zdrowia. Nutraceutyki mogą być otrzymywane z surowców roślinnych, zwierzęcych lub pochodzenia mikrobiologicznego, przy czym w praktyce są to głównie substancje pochodzenia roślinnego – tzw. substancje fitochemiczne. Obecnie obserwuje się wzrost rynku nutraceutyków i żywności funkcjonalnej, która przypomina żywność tradycyjną, lecz wykazuje udowodnione, korzystne działanie w ilościach spożywanych zwyczajowo. W publikacji omówiono probiotyki, prebiotyki, kwasy omega-3 i fitozwiązki, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem związków polifenolowych i fitoestrogenów.
EN
The word „nutraceuticals” refers to food or a substance isolated from a food product that has scientifically proven health-promoting activity in the field of therapeutic or health preventive effects. Nutraceuticals can be obtained from raw materials of plant, animal or microbial origin. However, in practice they are mainly substances of plant origin – so-called phytochemicals. Nowadays, there is a growth market for nutraceuticals and functional foods, which resembles a traditional food but has proven beneficial effect in the amounts customarily consumed. Probiotics, prebiotics, omega-3 fatty acids and phytochemicals, with particular emphasis on polyphenolic compounds and phytoestrogens, are presented.
8
Content available remote Zastosowanie fitobiotyków w profilaktyce zwierząt
63%
Kupczyński R. , Szumny A.
Przemysł Chemiczny
|
2020
|
tom T. 99, nr 3
367--372
PL
W ostatnim czasie coraz większym zainteresowaniem w żywieniu zwierząt cieszą się naturalne produkty roślinne stosowane jako dodatki fitobiotyczne, a wśród nich zioła i produkty uzyskiwane na ich bazie w procesie ekstrakcji chemicznej. Stosowane dodatki w żywieniu zwierząt mogą poprawiać smak i zapach paszy, zwiększać jej pobranie, regulować funkcje trawienne, modyfikować mikroflorę przewodu pokarmowego, a w konsekwencji wpływać na zdrowie, przyrosty masy oraz zużycie paszy. Zwiększenie stabilności tych związków można uzyskać, stosując metody technologiczne i biotechnologiczne. Omówiono działanie przeciwbakteryjne, antyoksydacyjne oraz profilaktyczne zastosowania fitobiotyków u zwierząt gospodarskich.
EN
A review, with 62 refs., of biol. active compds. found in plants, as well as antibacterial, antioxidant and antiinflammatory and preventic effects of their use in livestock.
9
Content available Właściwości odżywcze i funkcjonalne buraka ćwikłowego (beta vulgaris L. subsp. Vulgaris)
51%
Kobus-Cisowska J. , Dziedziński M. , Szymandera-Buszka K. , Neumann M.
Zagadnienia Doradztwa Rolniczego
|
2023
|
tom 114
|
nr 4
83-93
EN
Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L. subsp. vulgaris) belong to the group of annual, biennial and durable cultivars. In Poland, over 50 varieties of beetroot are cultivated, and its production reaches 240,000 tons. The deficiencies are good supporting action, they are low in fats, making it a low-calorie vegetable. What's more, they are a source of minerals and vitamins, i.e. potassium, magnesium, folates, and bioactive substances, i.e. betalains, flavonoids. Because of phytochemicals content, beetroot have natural anti-anemic, anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertensive, antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-pyretic, anti-bacterial, detoxifying and diuretic properties.
PL
Burak ćwikłowy (Beta vulgaris L. subsp. vulgaris) to grupa jednorocznych, dwuletnich i trwałych odmian uprawnych. W Polsce uprawianych jest ponad 50 odmian buraka ćwikłowego, a jego produkcja sięga 240 tys. ton. Buraki są dobrym źródłem węglowodanów, są także ubogie w tłuszcz, dzięki czemu jest to warzywo niskokaloryczne. Co więcej, są źródłem składników mineralnych i witamin, tj. potasu, magnezu, folianów oraz związków bioaktywnych, takich jak betalainy czy flawonoidy. Dzięki obecności fitozwiązków buraki posiadają naturalne właściwości przeciwanemiczne, przeciwzapalne, przeciwnadciśnieniowe, przeciwutleniające, przeciwnowotworowe, przeciwgorączkowe, przeciwbakteryjne, odtruwające i moczopędne.
10
Żywienie a zdrowie - nadzieje i kontrowersje
51%
Zduńczyk Z. , Zduńczyk P.
Przemysł Spożywczy
|
1999
|
tom T. 53, nr 9
59-62
PL
W nawiązaniu do artykułów w TIME - "Nie przejadaj swojego serca" i "Jedz z głową", omówiono wybrane problemy zależności między żywieniem a zdrowiem ludzi. Omówiono wpływ takich czynników, jak poziom tłuszczu i cholesterolu oraz zawartość fitozwiązków w diecie, jak również aktywność fizyczna i spożycie alkoholu na ryzyko wystąpienia choroby niedokrwiennej serca i nowotworów.
EN
With reference to articles from TIME: "Eat your heart up" and "Eating sensibly", some selected problems dealing with the effect of diet on human health were discussed. The influence of such factors as fat and cholesterol levels and the content of phytochemicals in diet, physical activity, and alcohol consumption and the risk of ateriosclerosis and cancer are described.
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