Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Męskość fabrykowana Rzecz o homospołeczności

100%

Skucha M.

Śląskie Studia Polonistyczne

|

2016

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tom 8

|

nr 1-2

35-57

EN

The article is devoted to the issue of homosociety. The term became popularized by Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick in her book Between Men. English Literature and Male Homosocial Desire (1985). It refers to all the relationships between men who support one another’s strivings and interests, and who at the same time constitute a group grounded on the discrimination of women and homosexuals. This phenomenon is based for example on the “trade of women”: men exchange women, thus creating patriarchal and patrilineal relations. The issue has been extensively analysed by a great number of researchers (e.g. Luce Irigaray, Adrienne Rich, Pierre Bourdieu, Judith Butler, and in Poland: Maria Janion, Błażej Warkocki, Tomasz Basiuk or Jacek Kochanowski). The work is also worth noting is The Role of Eroticism in Male Society (Die Rolle der Erotik in der männlichen Gesellschaft) by Hans Blüher, who viewed male bonding (homosocial and homosexual) as the key to building and developing society.

2

Alice Walker’s Womanism: Perspectives Past and Present

94%

Izgarjan A. , Markov S.

Gender Studies

|

2012

|

tom 11

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nr 1

304-315

EN

The article charts the development of womanism as a movement which has presented an alternative to feminism. It advocates inclusiveness instead of exclusiveness, whether it is related to race, class or gender. Womanism provided political framework for colored women and gave them tools in their struggle with patriarchy which imposed restrictive norms and negative stereotypes on them. It also tackled the restrictiveness of feminism which was especially evident in the field of literary scholarship. Womanism is also related to new movements within feminism such as womanist theology and eco-feminism

3

“Much, I am Sure, Depends on You”: James Fordyce’s Lessons on Female Happiness and Perfection

94%

Bronk K.

Studia Anglica Posnaniensia

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2013

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tom 48

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nr 4

49-62

EN

Conduct literature written for women has had a long tradition in British culture. According to scholars, such as Ingrid H. Tague (2002), it circulated most widely during the eighteenth century because new ideals of proper feminine behaviour and conduct developed. The Scottish Presbyterian minister and poet, James Fordyce (1720-1796), very observant of the transformations in his society as well as advocating the need to reform moral manners, likewise created a set of sermons dedicated to young women of the second half of the eighteenth century. He is worthy of close study not only because his Sermons to Young Women constitute an important yet understudied contribution to the tradition of conduct writing, but also because he records and disseminates opinions on female perfection both as a man of the church as well as the representative of his sex, thus presenting a broad scope of the official gender ideology of the eighteenth century. The proposed article engages in a close reading of Fordyce's rules and regulations pertaining to proper femininity, pointing also to the tone of his published sermon-manual and the socio-techniques used for the sake of perpetuating his ideological precepts for women. As such, the article is to prove that this popular eighteenth-century preacher, whose work was even mentioned on the pages of Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice, not only offers a significant contribution to ongoing research on conduct manual tradition as well as on feminist re-readings of women’s history, but also adds more evidence to feminist claims of a purposeful campaign aimed at creating a selfaware and self-vigilant woman who almost consciously strives to become the object of masculine desire, and allegedly all for her own good.

4

Paternal Structures of the Romance

94%

Malinowska A.

Romanica Silesiana

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2017

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tom 12

EN

The paper is a critical analysis of romance fiction in relation to parental structures visible in patriarchal codes and paternal tropes romance novels pivot around. As such, it provides an insight into the narrative patterns the romance uses to sustain patriarchy as well as recreate the father‑daughter‑like relationship at the center of cultural practices of love.

5

Figura tradicional y figura disruptiva del padre en dos textos literarios latinoamericanos contemporáneos

94%

López Badano C. , Acuña Murillo M.

Romanica Silesiana

|

2017

|

tom 12

ES

The figure of the father is presented in a variety of ways in contemporary Latin American literature; one of the popular images, for instance, is that of a despotic patriarchal “macho”in the drug trafficking literature. However, there is also a new image of paternity linked to “new masculinity,” presented as gender utopia in the short story “Alumbramiento” (“Birth”) by Andrés Neuman (2006). Here, a male narrator gives birth to a new man who is, at the same time, himself and his own son. In this article, I aim to explore the change from traditional images of paternity to the new, disruptive, utopian ones, inscribed within new ideas about gender equality.

6

The Notion of the Body and Sex in Simone de Beauvoir's Philosophy

94%

Tiukało A.

Human Movement

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2012

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tom 13

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nr 1

78-85

EN

In her masterpiece The Second Sex, Simone de Beauvoir depicts the atrocities of a typical patriarchal society. The author assumes that every human being should have the opportunity to experience feelings of a conquest and of being conquered to fully appreciate freedom. The body, the essential condition of human existence, is equally an object and a subject. Unfortunately, as Beauvoir reveals, this ontological rule is not respected in a society dominated by men. Patriarchy juxtaposes a male body, the subject, with a female body, the object. The main purpose of the present article is to answer the question, which many interpreters of Beauvoir's text have posed themselves: does Beauvoir really blame only patriarchy for such an injustice or is she rather willing to admit that female biology also contributes to such a biased situation. Researchers have never been unanimous on this issue. However, deeper analysis of The Second Sex as presented in this article finds that Beauvoir does not explain the social situation of women as a result of their biology at any point. According to Beauvoir, the discrimination of women in society is totally undeserved. This article also illustrates the originality of Beauvoir's thoughts in relations to Jean-Paul Sartre's philosophy. In her times, Beauvoir was mainly known as a novelist and the publication of The Second Sex was, misleadingly, not regarded by critics as a philosophical work. In The Second Sex, Beauvoir presents her own theory of interpersonal relationship, different from the one created in Sartre's Being and Nothingness.

7

Zniewolone przez pracę czy dzięki pracy uwolnione? [dot. A. Urbanik-Kopeć: Anioł w domu, mrówka w fabryce]

84%

Pfeifer K.

Śląskie Studia Polonistyczne

|

2019

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tom 14

|

nr 2

227-237

EN

The aim of this critical essay is to analyse social and economic contexts of women’s work at the verge of 19th and 20th centuries. In the essay’s foreground are: 1) the discussion of Polish emancipatory discourses, the relation of liberal feminists to working class women; as well as 2) the characteristics of the reproductive work performed by women in the era of industrial revolution along with the impact the industrialization had on transformations of the ways genders were perceived. The article also touches upon the emancipatory role played by the factory – an attempt was made to answer the question: To what extent the commercialization of women’s work due to industrial revolutions allowed women to escape the shackles of patriarchy, and to what extent it contributed to their further entanglement in the network of dependency.

8

Gender perspectives in the Italian Muslim family. Education, taboos, conflicts, and intergenerational transformations.

83%

Crescenti M.

Academicus. International Scientific Journal

|

2024

|

tom 15

|

nr 29

EN

This article presents research on the dialogue between second-generation Muslim parents and children in the Italian context regarding gender identity, sexual identity, and gender education. Through the testimonies of young people (18-30 years of age), the nature of intergenerational dialogue and parental position toward the relational transformations that their children are experiencing is analysed within the Italian cultural context. For this purpose, 28 semi-structured interviews were conducted in 2021 with boys and girls aged 18–30 years and belonging to Italian Islamic associations. Moreover, 24 young people were divided into 4 focus groups to conduct an in-depth exploration of gender perspectives on these topics; these young people are active members of the Giovani Musulmani d’Italia (Association of Young Italian Muslims). A strongly taboo dialogue emerges from the data; however, this does not hinder young people’s search for greater openness to different forms of relationality and sexuality, both in their current lives and their future families.

9

Moral Policing and Gender-based Violence: Portrayal of Honour and Shame in Poile Sengupta’s Mangalam

83%

Singh B. , Hameed A. , Alam S.

Journal of Education Culture and Society

|

2023

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tom 14

|

nr 2

425-436

EN

Thesis. The article aims to study Poile Sengupta’s play entitled Mangalam to analyse how the play raises a voice against society’s enforced models of masculinity and femininity, and sexual and psychological violence and its impact on women in the domestic sphere. Concept. The study foregrounds the impact of moral policing via the notions of honour and shame in Sengupta’s Mangalam and analyses that family, a micro-unit of patriarchy is the primary location of violence inflicted on women. The present study further attempts to examine interpersonal violence perpetuated through the institution of marriage through a study of the portrayal of marital violence in Sengupta’s Mangalam. Results and Conclusion. Sengupta presents contemporary social issues and interrogates moral policing and violence perpetuated by patriarchy through the discussed play. It presents a dramatic piece written by a woman, thus challenging the male-dominated narratives through a voice of protest and addressing violence inflicted on a woman’s body and psyche. Originality. The originality of the study relies on examining the underlying causes of gender-based violence within the institution of marriage and family as the smallest unit of patriarchy while also understanding the relevance of literary representations by women dramatists as resistance literature.

10

„Tak, tato!”. Daddy issues i toksyczna męskość

83%

Stępniak G.

Didaskalia. Gazeta Teatralna

|

2023

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nr 173

67-88

EN

The main objective of the article is to analyse the so-called “daddy issues” and their relations to modern masculinity. Using feminist, queer and gender theories as well as some basic psychoanalytical tools, the author tries to dismantle the toxicity of both daddy issues and masculinity itself. Discussing a mainstream Hollywood film, a festival circuit film and a popular TV show, this article offers an insight into and a thoroughly critical perspective on one of the worst shadows of manhood, that is the father figure.

11

Containing Otherness Through Rational Detection: Feminine Characters in Arthur Conan Doyle

83%

Emadi E. M.

Gender Studies

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2012

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tom 11

|

nr 1

316-322

EN

The present paper is intended to focus on the feminine characters in The Hound of the Baskervilles and The Sussex Vampire. Starting from the analysis of imagery in these two texts I shall exemplify traits of the complex process of encoding otherness

12

The Uncontrollable Mnemonic Fragments within Consciousness Reflecting Ophelia’s and Lady Macbeth’s Disturbed Minds

83%

Ekmekçioğlu N.

Gender Studies

|

2015

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tom 14

|

nr 1

33-47

EN

Memory plays an important role in most of Shakespeare’s plays. Shakespeare delves into the dark realms of human consciousness to reflect the disturbed minds and gnawing consciences of his characters with a profound psychological insight into the human psyche. Time, memory, madness and death seem to be the basic issues dealt with in his canon. My paper will address the uncontrollable mnemonic fragments within the human consciousness which reflect past traumas, fears and disturbances and will examine the cases of Ophelia and Lady Macbeth from a feminist reading of women.

13

BEING MAN, BEING WOMAN: MASCULINITY AND FEMININITY AS REINFORCED BY ADVERTISEMENTS

83%

PARVIN S.

Concordia Discors vs Discordia Concors: Researches into Comparative Literature, Contrastive Linguistics, Cross-Cultural and Translation Strategies

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2014

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tom 6

86-109

EN

Advertisements have gone a long way from merely selling things. It reflects social attitudes as well. Advertising is a powerful medium of reproducing and reinforcing social values and ideologies. And gender does not escape it. In patriarchal societies, advertisements play a crucial role of reinforcing stereotypical gender roles. What an ideal women or an ideal man should be like is shown in the advertisements. It is also shown in what an ideal woman or an ideal man should not be like. While advertisements started with commodification and objectification of women, it moved on to objectifying men as well. However the objectification did not subvert gender roles. This paper will study such depiction of gender roles in advertisements in Indian media. While women‘s bodies are marked by fragility, vulnerability, sexuality, men‘s bodies are invested with values like power and authority.

14

FAMILY IN THE CONTEXT OF RELATIONS BETWEEN FREEDOM AND RESPONSIBILITY: CRISIS OR EVOLUTION?

83%

Janicka J.

Forum Teologiczne

|

2021

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tom 22

51-60

EN

At the beginning of the twenty first century, Chantal Delsol wrote that the man of late modernity is characterized by his attempt to regress to a period in history before his attainment of autonomy and subjectivity, both of which Delsol associates, among other things, with the essential and formative role of the family. Turning to a society or a group with which he could identify, man – in her opinion – takes a step back towards a tribal form of existence, which deprives him of the right to self-government. Demographic data seem to confirm the tendencies which Delsol has described: the rising number of divorces, the dropping number of marriages, and the increasing presence of the welfare state in the life of an individual. We might tend to think that reality bears out the pessimistic vision of the man of late modernity Delsol puts forth. Yet it is the role of philosophy to call into doubt all that seems obvious and to ask questions where to all appearances there is no room for doubt. This article proposes this kind of undertaking as an attempt to examine Delsol’s diagnosis through the lens of Kołakowski’s philosophy. With the help of Kołakowski’s treatment of the relationship between freedom and responsibility, and by applying his thoughts on the irremovable tension between the individual and the collective man, a motif distinctly present in his considerations, this article poses anew the question of whether we indeed are facing a crisis or an evolution of the family. Are the changes which we are observing a threat to our culture and civilization, or evidence of progress?

15

Gorsząca inność. Dziecko jako abiekt

83%

Rawski J.

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia de Cultura

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2012

|

nr 4

95-104

EN

The paper raises the problem of the child as the Great Other, who appears in the novels of Doris Lessing The Fifth Child and Kenzaburo Öe A personal matter. In both works coming into the world of the Other – a handicapped boy – puts to the test the moral foundations of the conservative society. Nobel Prize winners are making human vivisection that shall specifically examine the persistence of attitudes and values such as parenthood, love, responsibility, confidence in front of drastic Otherness. The child manifests its differences, can not cope in relations with the environment, for which it is something dangerous, threatening ordered hierarchy of the family. Scandal also cause parents responsible for the birth of the ,,monster”. In Doris Lessing novel mother is excommunicated from the patriarchal society, in the prose of Öe father is alone in the community in which he lives with his son. For the analysis of the text the theory of Julia Kristeva on disgust will be used. Categories of abject, semiotic-ness, ,,the stranger in me” will help answer the question – why the hyperactive boy (The Fifth Child) and a boy with cerebral hernia (A personal matter) cause scandal and fear.

16

Changing Role of Indian Woman: A Glimpse into Two Bollywood Movies English – Vinglish and Queen

83%

Bhaumik M.

CLEaR

|

2016

|

tom 3

|

nr 1

52-60

EN

Bollywood, being one of the biggest film industries of India, is an interesting area of research to understand the socio-cultural perspectives of today’s India. My paper will focus on the changing role of Indian woman. It will argue if the change is merely superficial or the Indian woman has been successful to negotiate with and challenge the patriarchal social structure. These multiple issues will be discussed with special reference to two of the latest Bollywood movies, namely, English-Vinglish and Queen. The focus on these two movies is because both concentrate on emancipation of woman. Sashi, the central character of English-Vinglish, despite facing all kinds of humiliation in her own family and finally learning English (her inability to speak in English being one of the primary reasons for her being ridiculed in her family) comes back to her family at the end. Queen showcases a different kind of emancipation where Rani, the leading lady of the movie, being dumped by her fiancé, decides to go for her honeymoon trip all by herself and recognises herself anew. These two movies are examples of the changing role of woman who does not need a male to rescue her from danger or to console her in her tears. She is a self-sufficient woman who does not forget her roots. Both the movies generate thought-provoking questions about the status of woman in present India and can be employed as lenses to see through the multiple layers of the gendered Indian society.

17

Tragic Victims of Mania a Potu (“Madness from Drink”): A Study of Literary Nineteenth-Century Female Drunkards

83%

Rabinovich I.

Text Matters: A Journal of Literature, Theory and Culture

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2021

|

nr 11

299-318

EN

Temperance literature, though widely popular in America and Britain between 1830–80, lost its allure in the decades that followed. In spite of its didactic and moralistic nature, the public eagerly consumed temperance novels, thus reciprocating contemporaneous writers’ efforts to promote social ideals and mend social ills. The main aim of this paper is to redress the critical neglect that the temperance prose written by women about women has endured by looking at three literary works-two novellas and one confessional novelette-written by mid-nineteenth-century American female writers. These works serve as a prism through which the authors present generally “tabooed” afflictions such as inebriation among high-class women and society’s role in perpetuating such behaviors. The essay examines the conflicting forces underlying such representations and offers an inquiry into the restrictive and hostile social climate in mid-nineteenth-century America and the lack of medical attention given to alcohol addicts as the possible causes that might have prompted women’s dangerous behaviors, including inebriation. This paper also demonstrates the cautious approach that nineteenth-century female writers had to take when dealing with prevalent social ills, such as bigotry, hypocrisy and disdain directed at female drunkards. It shows how these writers, often sneered at or belittled by critics and editors, had to maneuver very carefully between the contending forces of openly critiquing social mores, on the one hand, and not being censored, on the other.

18

(Ne)jistá spojenectví kulturní antropologie a feministického myšlení

83%

Hasmanová Marhánková J.

Český lid: etnologický časopis (Český lid: Ethnological journal)

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2013

|

tom 100

|

nr 2

205-221

EN

The paper discusses the history of the relation between feminist scholarship and cultural anthropology as two ways of thinking about culture and social relationships. It focuses in particular on the feminist critique of the anthropological theory and ethnographic research. In points out the different epistemological and political standpoints of feminism and anthropology as the sources of the tensioned relationship between these two traditions of thinking about culture.

19

Parched: An Archetypal and Cinematic Representation of Sisterhood

83%

Ahmad F. , Kumar A. , Khalid S. , Banu S.

Journal of Education Culture and Society

|

2023

|

tom 14

|

nr 2

414-424

EN

Thesis. The current paper deals with the idea of sisterhood which has been represented in a Bollywood movie named Parched. The movie manifests sisterhood as a way to find solace and to get rid of confinement from the oppressive and suffocating society that tries to confine women within the four walls of the house. Concept. Sisterhood is an association, group, society, or community of women who are linked by common interests. This alliance became popular during the second wave of feminism. A single woman cannot combat the oppressors. Only necessary solidarity and collective efforts would result in the desired improvements. Results and Conclusion. In our society, the term ‘brotherhood’ is used to designate camaraderie among men, but no term is used to denote companionship among women. In fact, it is assumed that women hate each other and this legacy of ‘women-hating’ is proved to be unfounded. Therefore, necessary solidarity is required to correct the patriarchal assumptions about women, and the idea of sisterhood is one effort in this direction.

20

Shakespeare’s representations of rape

71%

Kujawińska Courtney K.

Acta Philologica

|

2016

|

nr 49

91-98

EN

The essay surveys representations of rape in selected Shakespeare’s works. The subject fascinated Shakespeare throughout his career. It appeared for the first time in his early narrative poem “The rape of Lucrece” and in one of his first tragedies “Titus Andronicus”. Though his later works, unlike these two, do not represent sexual assaults upon women graphically, rape is present in almost all his Roman and history plays (e.g. “Coriolanus”, “Henry V”, “Henry VI”), comedies (e.g. “A midsummer night’s dream”, “Measure for measure”) and romances (e.g. “Cymbeline”, “Pericles”, “The tempest”). Since in Shakespeare’s England the social structure prioritized male power, women were treated as men’s property. Any accomplished or attempted sexual violation of women polarized male legal and emotional bonding, and it also disrupted and/or empowered homosocial solidarity. A preliminary study of the presence and dramatic use of rape shows a distinctive evolution in Shakespeare’s attitude to this omnipresent subject. One reason for this change might be a shift in the legal classification of rape in Elizabethan England: from a crime against (male) property to a crime against an individual.