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EN
The secreted proinflammatory interleukins IL-1, IL-6 and TNF in the course of experimentally-induced pleurisy can be the cause of pathological changes in the ultrastructure of cardiac muscle and of apoptosis. The pleurisy was induced in rats by means of carrageenin. The scraps of cardiac muscle obtained during the inflammatory reaction in the pleura were analysed by means of an electron microscope. The scraps were also stained with the TUNEL method in order to find the apoptotic foci. It was proved by the experiment that the inflammatory process affected mitochondria in the cardiomyocytes, enhanced collagen fibre synthesis and contributed to the formation of apoptotic foci in the cardiac muscle.
EN
The objective of this study was to present and discuss the available data on canine shoulder joint ultrasonography. The paper presents the method of ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder joint area, describes the normal structure of the shoulder joint in dogs, and discusses the most frequently encountered shoulder joint pathologies.
EN
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cerebral deposition of extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. However, these neuropathological changes are final symptoms and the earliest manifestation of pathological changes is an increase in the level of cellular oxidation caused by free radicals. As our environment is abundant in factors promoting this process, the paper presents the facts concerning the relations between air (i.e. smog and pesticides) and soil pollution (i.e. pesticides) and AD prevalence.
EN
The experiment was carried out on 29 hybrids (21 barrows and 8 gilts) of Duroc sows with wild boar (Sus scrofa ferus L.). All the animals were fed (ad libitum with composed fix) from weaning up to the age of approx. 8 months. The samples of Longissimus lumborum for histopathological study were collected 45 min after slaughter and were frozen with liquid nitrogen. Microscopic preparations were stained according to the Van Gieson method. The following types of histopathological changes were accounted for: changes in fibre size (fibre atrophy, hypertrophy – giant fibres), changes in fibre shape (triangular, trapezoid and elongated fibres), degenerative changes of fibres (necrosis plus phagocytosis, fibre splitting) and connective tissue hypertrophy. Most often appearing pathological change in the muscle was fiber atrophy. It was observed in all animals. The other changes appeared with greater frequency in gilts. Percentage of particular pathological changes was low, 95.84% of normal fibers were found.
PL
Celem pracy było rozszerzenie badań mikrostrukturalnych o badania histopatologiczne mięśnia Longissimus lumborum świniodzików. Badaniami objęto 29 mieszańców (21 kastratów i 8 loszek) pochodzących z krzyżowania loch rasy Duroc z dzikiem europejskim (Sus scrofa ferus). Wszystkie zwierzęta tuczono (żywienie ad libitum mieszanką standardową) do wieku 8-9 miesięcy. 45 minut po uboju z mięśnia najdłuższego z części lędźwiowej (m. Longissimus lumborum – LL) pobrano próbki do badań histopatologicznych i zamrożono je w ciekłym azocie. Następnie sporządzono preparaty mikroskopowe i poddano je barwieniu Van Giesona. Uwzględniono zmiany wielkości włókien mięśniowych (atrofia, hipertrofia – włókna olbrzymie), zmiany kształtu włókien (włókna trójkątne, trapezowate, wydłużone), zmiany degeneracyjne włókien (martwica z fagocytozą, rozszczepienie) oraz przerost tkanki łącznej. Najczęściej występującą zmianą patologiczną w mięśniu świniodzików była atrofia włókien mięśniowych. Obserwowano ją u wszystkich zwierząt. Pozostałe zmiany z większą częstotliwością występowały u loszek. Procentowy udział poszczególnych zmian patologicznych był niski, w badanym mięśniu stwierdzono 95,84% włókien prawidłowych.
EN
Severe spot lesions were shown to form on the surface of the liver in guinea pigs infected repeatedly with 2,500 embryonated eggs of the nematode Ascaris suum. The largest lesions measured 0.5 cm in diameter, and were hard in touch and white in color. Most of the lesions were classified macroscopically as compact lesions. Histopathologically, the lesions showed severe hemorrhage, massive necrotic foci, and eosinophilic infiltration in the liver. The findings in the livers of guinea pigs inoculated once only with Ascaris eggs (group D) were milder than those of animals that were infected repeatedly (group E). In contrast, the opposite was true for lesions in the lungs of guinea pigs belonging to these two groups.
EN
The purpose of the study was to draw upan experimental model of hepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD) induced by dactinomycin (ACT) and to investigate the possible hepatoprotective effects of Ethyol (amifostine). Pathological changes corresponding to a VOD picture of varying intensification were found in the liver samples obtained from all the rats receiving ACT. Amifostine appears to act protectively to liver changes caused by dactinomycin.
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