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EN
The aim of the study was to compare the course and dynamics of strongyles invasions in a year-long cycle in primitive Polish horses of different ages and sexes from one breeding farm. Studies were carried out on 15 mares, 5 stallions, 6 geldings, 17 young mares (1.5-2 years old) and 14 colts (the same age as the mares). All the animals were treated twice with anthelminthics: first in December 2003 with Equimax and second in May 2004 with Abamitel Plus. Samples of faeces were taken at monthly intervals and examined using the flotation method according to Fulleborn and McMaster. All the horses had been infected before treatment with strongyles. The intensity of invasion ranged from 40 to 980 eggs per gram of faeces. The extent of invasion did not change significantly in the horses after the first or second treatment - only its intensity diminished. The intensity of invasion in stallions was very minor, whereas there was no considerable elimination of strongyles in mares remaining at pasture from May to October. The only decrease in the number of eggs in faeces was ascertained in January and then in July. In August, however, there was a considerable increase in the invasion which peaked in November. A significant decrease in the strongyles invasion occurred after the first treatment in colts and it completely waned in the young mares, but then its intensity increased slowly in the latter group and peaked in May. The invasion significantly decreased following the next treatment, but only for the month of July, whereas it began increasing from August and was the highest in young mares in October and in the colts in November. In the case of geldings the intensity of strongyles invasion was minor until July and only increased in August and September with its peak occurring in December. The results of both the study as well as those of authors quoted in the article suggest that in order to attain a significant decrease of strongyles invasions horses should be treated not only during autumn-winter (November-December) and before the grazing season (May), but also at the turn of July-August.
EN
Parasitical invasions constitute a serious veterinary-economic problem in pheasant breeding. The studies were carried out between 1995-1997 in a big breeding centre situated in the Middle Pomerania region, where the basic flock amounted to 1000-1200 bird individuals. The aim of the study was to determine a condition of the pheasants' affliction with nematodes, reasons for the invasion and possibilities of a decrease in the losses thus brought about. In the subsequent years, the flock affliction reached the following proportions: 40% in 1995, 42% in 1996, and 68% in 1997. Between 1995 and 1996, the findings revealed eggs of the nematode Capillaria sp (C. anatis and C. phasianina) in their faeces, with less frequent cases of Trichostrongylus tenuis, Heterakis isolonche and Syngamus trachea. Between 1995-1996 40% deaths in the afflicted flock were brought about by Syngamus trachea whilst in 1997 syngamosis resulted in 80% deaths among the afflicted birds. To determine reasons for the confirmed nematode invasion in the studied period during which all the requirements were fulfilled in the pheasant breeding, conclusions were drawn on the basis of the study. Also, preventive measures were suggested to stop any further appearance of syngamosis or losses due to other endoparasites, as those in 1997.
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