Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Ozone effects on the respiratory system

100%

Filippidou, E.C , Koukouliata A.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2011

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tom 1

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nr 2

144-155

EN

Ground level (tropospheric) ozone, an air pollutant and key ingredient of urban smog, has a negative impact on human health worldwide. Many studies have reported increases in emergency-room visits, hospital admissions, and mortality for patients with these conditions, associated with days of increased ozone. Short-term exposures to ozone irritate the respiratory system and may cause health problems by damaging lung tissue, reducing lung function, increased airway inflammation and making the lungs more sensitive to other irritants. It not only affects people with existing breathing problems, but also can affect healthy children and adults. Persons especially sensitive to ozone exposure are the elderly, infants, children, persons with existing respiratory issues such as diabetes mellitus, asthma or allergies, asthmatics, chronic respiratory patients, pregnant women, smokers, and persons with lung cancer, cardiovascular disease or immune system deficiency. Furthermore, recent research studies suggest that long-term exposure to ozone may be associated with lung cancer. This possibility is expected to be further explored.

2

Role of Oxidizing Agents in Leaching Process of Electronic Waste

100%

Lisińska M. , Saternus M. , Willner J. , Fornalczyk A.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2018

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tom Vol. 63, iss. 2

969--974

EN

New technologies and the globalization of the electrical and electronic equipment market cause a continuous increase in the amount of electrical and electronic waste. They constitute one of the waste groups that grows the fastest in quantity. The development of the new generation of electrical and electronic devices is much faster than before. Recently attention has been concentrated on hydrometallurgical methods for the recovery of metals from electronic waste. In this article the role of an oxidizing agent, mainly ozone and hydrogen peroxide was presented in hydrometallurgical processes. Leaching process of printed circuits boards (PCBs) from used cell phones was conducted. The experiments were carried out in the presence of sulfuric acid and ozone as an oxidizing agent for various temperatures, acid concentration, ozone concentration. As a result, the concentrations of copper, zinc, iron and aluminum in the obtained solution were measured. The obtained results were compared to results obtained earlier in the presence of hydrogen peroxide as an oxidizing agent and discussed.

3

Ozone formation depending on different cooling water temperatures

100%

Wroński M. , Pollo I.

Polish Journal of Applied Chemistry

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1998

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tom Vol. 42, nr 2

119-124

EN

The effect of cooling water temperature on the course of ozone synthesis in a small quartz type ozonizer has been experimentally investigated. Ozone concentration as a function of energy density rises till it reaches its maximum and then decreases. The lower the temperature is the higher the maximum gets and it corresponds to larger energy density values. Energy consumption in the interval of discharge power corresponding to the rising part of ozone concentration curve only a little depends on the temperature. The results indicate that use of the magnitude of energy density known as Becker's parameter for kinetic description of ozone synthesis from air, especially in various temperatures is not justified.

4

Synteza ozonu w skojarzonym układzie wyładowanie ciche-UV-katalizator

100%

Jodzis S.

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2003

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tom T. 82, nr 6

414-417

5

Rozkład niejonowych środków powierzchniowo czynnych pod wpływem ozonu

100%

Bulska A. , Perkowski J. , Sypniewski S. , Jóźwiak W.

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2003

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tom T. 82, nr 8-9

1006-1009

6

The Effect of Ozonation, Coagulation and Adsorption on Natural Organic Matter Removal

100%

Dąbrowska L.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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tom Vol. 22, nr 9

216--223

EN

For the treatment of surface water, the coagulation process was used with highly alkaline polyaluminium chloride PAX-XL19F and coagulation supported by ozonation and adsorption on powdered activated carbon CWZ-30 for reducing the level of surface water pollution with organic substances. In addition to the typical indices used to assess the content of organic compounds (total organic carbon TOC, oxidisability OXI, ultraviolet absorbance UV254), the study also evaluated colour, turbidity, and the potential of trihalomethanes formation THM-PF. Reduction in the content of TOC in water after coagulation ranged from 22 to 24%, OXI in the range of 34-36%, and UV254 absorbance from 52-55%. The turbidity and colour of the water was reduced by 70-73% and 56-60%, respectively. The use of preliminary ozonation and activated carbon-assisted coagulation increased the efficiency of water treatment. Changes in the values of TOC, OXI, UV254 absorbance, turbidity and colour were 28-33%, 45-46%, 69-73%, 72-79% and 89-100%, respectively. In the water purified by coagulation and then chlorinated, THM-PF was 37-38% lower than in untreated surface water. The use of additional pre-ozonation and activated carbon during coagulation increased the reduction of THM-PF by 9-12%.

7

A method for remediation of soil contaminated with simazine

100%

Balawejder M. , Józefczyk R. , Antos P. , Pieniążek M.

Archives of Environmental Protection

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2016

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tom Vol. 42, no. 3

41--46

EN

Although the utilization of pesticides accounted for the group of persistent organic pollutants was banned years ago, a count of pesticides are still directly or indirectly a source of contamination in Europe. One of them, simazine is still allowed for use in the United States. Aim of this experiment was development of soil remediation method which could be utilized for degradation triazine class pesticides – simazine was an example used. A method for soil remediation based on ozonation processes in fluidized bed was successfully utilized for removal of simazine from contaminated soil. For the study soil highly contaminated with simazine up to the concentration of 0.05% w/w was used. Determination of the pesticide levels in soil was performed using extraction and gas chromatography. The method allowed 80% reduction of pesticide concentration level. The degradation of pesticide was accompanied with changes of physicochemical parameters of soil, i.e., decrease of pH and a increase of nitrates concentration. Despite changes in physicochemical properties of the soil, the developed method proved to be highly effective and can be successfully applied on an industrial scale.

8

Color Removal from Groundwater by Coagulation and Oxidation Processes

100%

Leszczyński J.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2019

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tom Vol. 20, nr 9

138--144

EN

The paper concerns the experimental research related to the removal of color and permanganate index (CODMn) in the presence of iron and manganese from the underground water by means of coagulation and ozonation. The tests were carried out on a laboratory and technical scale in the real underground water treatment system. Ozone, as a strong oxidizing agent, was used to reduce the color intensity and to convert the iron Fe2+ and manganese ions Mn2+ to Fe(OH) 3 and MnO2, respectively. In order to optimally remove the color to a value below 15 mg/L, the ozone dose of 3 mg/L was sufficient, which also ensured the proper removal of iron and manganese, by 94% and 83%, respectively. However, ozonation conducted under these conditions, did not provide sufficient removal of organic compounds expressed as CODMn below the assumed value of 3 mg/L. The effect of aluminum sulfate and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) was also studied, as a result of which it was found that polyaluminum chloride proved to be more effective reagent. Under the technical conditions of water purification at a dose of 16 mg/L coagulant, the efficiency of color removal was 65.2% and CODMn – 50.8%, which ensured that the values of the tested indicators in the purified water were maintained below the permissible level.

9

Tribological properties of oxidation modified carbon fibre-reinforced polyamide 6 composites

100%

Nie W. Z. , Li J. , Sheng X. H.

Materials Science Poland

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2010

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tom Vol. 28, No. 1

67--75

EN

The ozone modification method and air-oxidation were used for the surface treatment of polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibre. The interfacial properties of carbon fibre-reinforced polyamide 6 (CF/PA6) composites were investigated by means of single fibre pull-out tests. It was found that the IFSS values of the composites with ozone treated carbon fibre are increased by 60% compared with that without treatment. The effect of surface treatment of carbon fibres on the tribological properties of CF/PA6 composites was also investigated for comparison. Experimental results revealed that surface treatment can effectively improve the interfacial adhesion between carbon fibre and PA6 matrix. Thus the wear resistance was significantly improved.

10

The mechanism and kinetics of ozone formation in a pulse radiolysis study of the Ar-O2 system

100%

Wojciechowski K. , Sugier D. , Wnorowski K. , Kowalczyk J. , Jówko A.

Nukleonika

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2005

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tom Vol. 50,suppl.2

29-33

EN

The mechanism and kinetics of O3 formation after an electron pulse have been studied in the Ar-O2 systems by time resolved optical measurements at gamma = 260 nm. The second order rate constant of energy transfer from excited Ar(4s,4p) states to O2 molecules: (1) Ar*,Ar** + O2 → O2* + Ar, was found to be (8.9 ± 2.1) x 10-10 cm3 s-1. It was found also the evidence of the third order process contribution to the energy transfer: (2) Ar*,Ar** + Ar + O2 → products, with the rate constant in the range (1.5-3.7) x 10-29 cm6 s-1. The rate constant of the deactivation of excited ozone molecules by O2 was found to be (5.1 ± 0.6) ´ 10-15 cm3 s-1.

11

Characterization of chemical processes involved in ozone depletion

100%

Asira E. E.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

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2014

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tom Vol. 2

53-57

EN

The earth’s carrying capacity to support human life has been overstretched by increasing need to meet food requirements, consumption of resources; amount of waste generation and choice of technologies. These activities release into the atmosphere, chemical constituents of varied concentrations. When these chemicals enter into the atmosphere, they are subjected to various transformations that yield products or intermediates that tend to alter atmospheric chemical balance. In recent years, the global problem of ozone depletion has underscored the danger of overstepping earth’s ability to absorb waste products. This study therefore, focuses on the various chemical reactions involved in ozone depletion and the effects of ozone layer depletion on plant, animals, materials and climate.

12

Ambient ozone and emergency department visits due to lower respiratory condition

100%

Kousha T. , Rowe B.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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2014

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tom 27

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nr 1

50-59

EN

Objectives: Ambient ozone (O₃) exposure is associated with a variety of health conditions. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of increased daily concentrations of ozone on emergency department (ED) visits due to lower respiratory diseases (LRD), such as acute or chronic bronchitis, in Edmonton, Canada. Materials and Methods: Data concerning 10 years (1992-2002) were obtained from 5 Edmonton hospital Emergency Departments. Odds ratios (ORs) for ED visits associated with the increased ozone levels were calculated employing a case-crossover technique with a time-stratified strategy to define controls. In the constructed conditional logistic regression models, adjustments were made for daily number of influenza ED visits and weather variables using natural splines. ORs and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were reported in relation to an increase in the interquartile range (IQR = 17.9 ppb) of the ground-level ozone. Results: Overall, 48 252 ED visits due to LRD were identified, of which 53% were made by males. The presentations peaked in December (12%) and February (11.7%) and were the lowest in August (5.6%). Positive and statistically significant results were obtained for acute bronchitis: for same day (OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.05-1.13, lag 0) and for lag 2, lag 3-7 and 9 days; for chronic bronchitis: for lag 6, 7, and lag 9 days (OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.05-1.18, lag 9). For all ED visits for LRD, lag 0, lag 1, and lag 3-9 days showed positive and statistically significant associations (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.03-1.09, lag 0). Conclusions: These findings support the hypothesis concerning positive associations between ozone and the ED visits due to LRD.

13

The effect of ozone feeding mode on the effectiveness of NO oxidation

100%

Jakubiak M. , Kordylewski W.

Chemical and Process Engineering

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2011

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tom 32

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nr 3

229-239

EN

The influence of ozone injection mode on the effectiveness of nitrogen monoxide oxidation to nitrogen dioxide by ozone in a flow reactor was investigated experimentally in laboratory apparatus. Nitrogen monoxide was diluted to the mole fraction 100 ppm in air which served as the carrier gas flowing through the tube of the diameter D = 60 mm into which ozone was injected. The effects of a number of ozone injecting nozzles and their configuration on the effectiveness of NO oxidation were examined. In the closest vicinity from the injection site the counter-current injection mode appeared to be superior to the co-current injection mode, but in areas located further from the injection site both injection systems were almost equally effective.

14

Variations of the UV-B radiation, ozone and cloudiness at different time scales: A wavelet analysis

100%

Borkowski J.

Acta Geophysica Polonica

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2002

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tom Vol. 50, nr 1

109-117

EN

Data series of UV-B irradiance, ozone and cloudiness taken at Belsk station are analyzed in order to investigate the interrelation between these variables. Data series are separated into components of different time scales with the use of wavelet multiresolution decomposition. The analysis of the smooth components of UV-B and ozone shows that at the longest time scale, ozone is the main factor affecting the UV-B irradiance. The smooth components of the UV-B and ozone are also used for the long-term trend determination. The detailed components of the ozone and total cloudiness series show remarkable similarity in their structure: they are in phase; positive (negative) deviations of the ozone content are usually associated with the positive (negative) deviations of cloudiness.

15

Emulsion polymerization of thiophene – the new way of conducting polymers synthesis

100%

Nowaczyk J. , Kadac K. , Olewnik-Kruszkowska E.

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2015

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tom Vol. 9, nr 27

118--122

EN

The aim of this study was to investigate the new method of polythiophene polymerization. It was made an attempt of the chemical oxidation of thiophene in aqueous medium without the addition of any surfactant. The oxidative compound applied in the synthesis was gaseous ozone. Resulting polymer was obtained in the form of nano-spheres dispersed in water. The method developed in this study allow to obtain the polythiophene nanoparticles. Further study is required to fully identify the resulting product properties in comparison with polymer obtained in other methods.

16

Application of the Ozonation Process for Shaping the Energy Properties of the Surface Layer of Polymer Construction Materials

100%

Kłonica M.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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tom Vol. 23, nr 2

212--219

EN

The properties of the surface layer of construction materials are very important for making adhesive bonds. The article presents the test results for surface free energy in PA6 polyamide subjected to surface layer modification using the ozonation process. To develop the surface geometrically, the samples were subjected to mechanical processing. The comparison of results demonstrated that ozonation is an efficient and eco-friendly method of modifying the surface layer. The article also presents the comparison results for measurements of selected surface roughness parameters.

17

Parametric studies of the effectiveness of oxidation of no by ozone

100%

Dora J.

Chemical and Process Engineering

|

2009

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tom Vol. 30, z. 4

621-634

EN

The process of NO pre-oxidation with ozone was studied in a laboratory apparatus using air as the carrier gas. Ozone was produced in dry air streams using a dielectric barrier discharge nonthermal plasma reactor. The temperature of the process was varied from 17 to 170 degrees C. The stoichiometric ratio of O3/NO was in the range of 0.8.3.8 and the residence time varied from 4.3 to 8 s.

PL

Badano proces utleniania NO ozonem w skali laboratoryjnej, używając powietrza jako gazu nośnego dla NO. Ozon wytwarzano z osuszonego powietrza z wykorzystaniem generatora ozonu typu DBD. Temperaturę w reaktorze regulowano w zakresie od 17 stopni C do 170 stopni C, stosunek molowy O3/NO w zakresie 0,8.3,8, a czas przebywania w reaktorze zmieniał się od 4,3 do 8 s.

18

Recent progress in electrostatic precipitation

100%

Mizuno A.

Transactions of the Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery

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2007

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tom nr 119

79-88

EN

Utilization of ionic wind and suppression of dust re-entrainment are important for performance of electrostatic precipitators (ESPs). Use of fibrous collection electrode is one of promising method. lonic wind enhances dust migration towards collecting electrode, and fibers planted vertically on the collecting electrode decelerate ionic wind to prevent backward air flow that causes reentrainment. In addition, gradient force at the fiber tip also works to prevent re-rentrainment. Other effective method, such as Ac energization and wet ESPs have also been used for cleaning suspended particles in tunnel, or for achieving very high efficiency together with simultaneous removal of gaseous pollutants. For indoor air, suppression of ozone production associated with corona discharge can be made using silver or titanium for positive discharge electrode. These recent developments will expand application field of ESPs.

19

Influence of Ozone Aeration on Toxic Metal Content and Oxygen Activity in Green Waste Compost

100%

Gliniak M. , Grabowski Ł. , Wołosiewicz-Głąb M. , Polek D.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2017

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tom Vol. 18, nr 4

90--94

EN

This paper presents the results of work on the reduction of toxic metal content while decreasing its oxygen activity. During the study the effects of different doses of ozone in the air used for aeration of the stabilized compost in the first post-thermophilic phase were analyzed. The results showed the possibility of reducing the concentrations of toxic metals and decrease the activity of oxygen by up to 30%, compared to traditional stabilized compost aeration system without using ozone.

20

Influence of air-ions on selected microorganisms

100%

Wiszniewski A. , Szczygiel M. , Hudy S.

Acta Microbiologica Polonica

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2003

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tom 52

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nr 2