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1
Content available Analiza semantyczna przewisk staroobrzędowców z okolic Augustowa i Suwałk
100%
Ziółkowska M.
Acta Baltico-Slavica
|
2011
|
tom 35
EN
The semantic analysis of nicknames of Old Believers’ from Augustów and Suwalki regionsThe Old Believers settled down in North-Eastern Poland in the second half of the 18th century. They were living in hermetic, homogenous communities. This protected their culture from strong exterior influence. Nowadays, after a number of civilizing transformations, the isolation practically disappeared making the Old Believers’ culture defenceless against influence of dominant Polish culture. Together with all that changes the Old Believers’ anthroponymy has been transformed. Nicknames used to be were very popular in Old Believers’ community. Giving nicknames is still a living only in villages Gabowe Grądy and Bór. The most numerous group are nicknames motivated by appellatives that define external inner features, temperament and habits. These names reflect the objective knowledge of the nickname makers and they are expressed by concrete vocabulary. Семантический анализ прозвищ у старообрядцев из окрестностей городов Августов и СувалкиСтароверы появились на территории современной Польши в конце XVIII столетия. Они прибыли сюда из окрестностей Великие Луки и принесли с собой часть культурного наследия той территории, также язык и антропонимическую систему. Прозвища староверов представляют собой интерес с точки зрения их происхождения. Некоторые из них образованы от диалектных слов. Многие имеют свои эквиваленты как в русском, так и в польском языках, что является доказательством параллельного функционирования в их группе двух языков и двух культур в их обществе. До второй мировой войны прозвища были распространены среди старообрядцев, проживающих в разных местах их проживания в Польше. В настоящее время они популярны лишь в деревнях Габове Гронды и Бур, поскольку только здесь старообрядцы проживают в компактной среде. В речи старообрядцев встречаем несколько видов прозвищ: прозвища, образованные от аппелятивов, прозвища – цитаты, прозвища, образованные от имён собственных.
2
Content available Polskie nazwiska od nazw ptaków
100%
Zierhoffer K. , Zierhofferowa Z.
Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza
|
2013
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tom 20
|
nr 2
221-228
PL
Based on a dictionary of contemporary Polish surnames, the article collects surnames that are identical as bird names, and includes the number of persons who bear such names. The number is surprisingly high (642 277 persons). The article demonstrates, through examples, how various qualities of birds motivate the metaphorical use of bird names as nicknames, and subsequently as surnames.
3
Content available Investigation of nicknames in a bilingual environment
88%
Bauko J.
Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza
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2012
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tom 19
|
nr 1
105-118
PL
The author examines the use of nicknames by the Hungarians in Slovakia. Since the state and the verbal representation of nicknames are strongly influenced by the Hungarian-Slovak bilingual environment, the appearing contact phenomena in the anthroponymic corpus are also investigated in this study. In addition, the paper deals with written nicknames found in written sources, the denomination motives of nicknames used in modern language, sociolinguistic, dialectological, etymological, morphological, and stylistic peculiarities found in the onomastic corpus. The usage of nicknames of adults and students is confronted and discussed with reference to an empirical and comparative study.
4
Content available Translating nicknames: the case of Lubiewo by Michał Witkowski
75%
Amenta A. , Amenta A.
Kwartalnik Neofilologiczny
|
2019
|
nr 2
5
Przezwiska uczniów gimnazjów i szkół ponadgimnazjalnych w Działdowie. Analiza formalna i znaczeniowa
75%
Burchacka K.
Prace Językoznawcze
|
2012
|
nr 14
31-41
EN
The analysis of the collected anthroponyms of students’ nicknames indicates that their motivational- nominational mechanisms are quite varied. Proper nouns have the greatest influence on the process of nickname formation. Definitely, the biggest group of all collected unofficial anthroponyms are nicknames derived from surnames (about 40%) and first names (about 20%). They have been formed as a result of various transformations. Among unofficial anthroponyms motivated in an appellative way the largest group are nicknames referring to appearance (about 9%), next are nicknames derived from internal features (personality), also those referring to mental features, likes, abilities and behaviour (about 8%). Compound nicknames are rarely formed. Only three examples of unofficial anthroponyms of this type have been singled out. The reason for a big and varied number of nicknames among students is their expressiveness. That is why they are so popular among teenagers.
6
Content available Socjologiczne uwarunkowania nazw osobowych w utworach Adolfa Dygasińskiego. Cz. 3: Przezwiska
75%
Stachurski E.
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Linguistica
|
2017
|
nr 12
253-265
EN
In works by Adolf Dygasiński are numerous nicknames – unofficial personal names of literary heroes. They are differentiated according to sociological circles of these heroes. Most of all they represent country unofficial names, in a less degree specific for another circles: nobleman’s, middle-class, schoolboy and even criminal. In literary texts by this author used nicknames of heroes fulfil various functions – semantic and stylistic.
7
Content available remote Zdzichu i stiopa : koledzy z parkingu o inkorporacyjnej funkcji imion samochodów
63%
Tomasik P.
Acta onomastica
|
2018
|
tom 59
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nr 1
235-243
EN
The text is devoted to car nicknames. The author analyzes the material collected using a survey method. A linguistic (onomastic) and cultural analysis has been carried out. The most important question concerns the function of car nicknames. Due to the fact that these names usually do not distinguish objects (in the family there is often only one car), the main function the author points out is the incorporative one.
CS
Příspěvek je věnován přezdívkám automobilů. Autor analyzuje materiál získaný anketní metodou. Podává lingvistickou (onomastickou) a kulturní analýzu. Nejdůležitější otázka se týká funkcí přezdívek automobilů. Vzhledem ke skutečnosti, že tato jména obvykle neslouží k rozlišení jednotlivých objektů (rodina má často jen jedno vozidlo), hlavní funkce, na kterou autor upozorňuje, je funkce inkorporační.
8
Content available remote The typology of structural and semantic peculiarities of informal personal names in the Kazakh, Russian and German languages
63%
Abdrakhmanova T.
Acta onomastica
|
2016
|
tom 57
7-19
CS
Tento článek zkoumá aspekty neoficiálních osobních jmen ve třech různých jazycích (kazaštině, ruštině a němčině): strukturu, sémantiku, motivaci a kulturní a národní identitu. Vzhledem k tomu, že kazaština, ruština i němčina náleží k odlišným strukturním systémům, jejich neformální osobní jména se liší svou strukturou a slovotvorbou, sémantickými modely a národními zvláštnostmi motivace. Struktura neformálních osobních jmen zahrnuje tzv. „kvalitativní jména“ (hypokoristika, deminutiva, augmentativa, pejorativa) a přezdívky (meliorativní, andronymické, kolektivní, výsměšné, školní, hanlivé). Nejproduktivnějším způsobem tvoření emočně expresivních forem osobních jmen ve zkoumaných jazycích se ukázal být způsob morfologický (afixace).
9
Analyse des personnages de contes comme culturèmes et unités de traduction
63%
Pelea A.
Translationes
|
2009
|
tom 1
|
nr 1
FR
Partie d’une recherche plus ample sur les aspects culturels de la traduction des contes, notre étude aborde la question des dénominations des personnages de ces textes envisagées comme culturèmes et unités de traduction. Nous identifions ici une série de traits pertinents à même de circonscrire la signification complète de ces noms afin de mettre en place un outil analytique utile tant au traducteur qu’au traductologue menant des recherches descriptives sur la traduction des contes. Nous complétons le modèle d’analyse proposé par des exemples tirés du domaine franco-roumain.
EN
As part of a more extensive research on the cultural aspects of the translation of folktales, our paper tackles the issue of folktales characters’ names from the perspective of their status as culturemes and translation units. We identify here a series of cultural and linguistic features. Their role is to highlight the full meaning of these names and thus provide a relevant tool both for the translator and the researcher undertaking descriptive translation studies. Our suggested analysis model is completed by examples of translation from Romanian into French.
10
Content available remote Aksjologiczne nacechowanie leksyky motywującej odapelatywne nazwiska Polaków
63%
Matusiak-Kempa I.
Acta onomastica
|
2016
|
tom 56
147-154
EN
The article presents the objectives and methods of analyzing the evaluative lexis which motivates the surnames of Poles. As already announced in the sketch, the paper maintains the conviction that the valuation is the basics of the categorization of reality, and the act of naming is a particularly interesting field of research, since it is a person who is being evaluated. The analysis of appellatives is carried out in the anthropological contexts. The lexis discussed in the article accords with the semantic categories based on the typology of values created by Jadwiga Puzynina.
11
Content available Пpiзвища yкраїнцiв cxiдної Галичини, мотивованi влаcними iмeнами польського пoxoдження
63%
Korpalo O. , Mytsan D.
Poradnik Językowy
|
2022
|
tom 790
|
nr 1
129-146
EN
Surnames are an integral part of a person’s family identity and accompany a person throughout their life. The study of regional anthroponymy is the basis for dialectology, lexicography, etymology, word formation, and comparative linguistics. This paper considers various principles of classifi cation of surnames in general, and in particular it analyses surnames of Ukrainians from Eastern Galicia, motivated by their own Polish names. The source of the surnames was the telephone books of Ivano-Frankivsk, Lviv, and Ternopil. The sample consists of 657 surnames, out of which 57 names were used: 41 male and 16 female ones. Most names became the basis for the formation of not one but many surnames. The materials and results of the research can be used in writing comparative works on Ukrainian and Slavic onomastics, in research on lexicology and history of language.
UK
У словниковому складі кожної мови існує певна кількість запозичених прізвищ, які відображають міжетнічні та міжмовні контакти. Метою статті було виявити і проаналізувати прізвища українців Східної Галичини, мотивовані власними польськими іменами, розглянути різні принципи їх класифікації. Джерелом дослідження послужили телефонні довідники Івано-Франківська, Львова, Тернополя. Вибірка становить 657 прізвищ, твірними для яких послужило 57 імен: 41 чоловіче та 16 жіночих. Більшість імен стала основою для утворення не одного, а багатьох прізвищ. Матеріали і результати дослідження можуть бути використані при написанні порівняльних праць з української та слов’янської ономастики, у дослідженнях із лексикології та історії мови.
12
Content available remote Nicky uživatelů na Česko-slovenské filmové databázi
63%
Volejník R.
Acta onomastica
|
2016
|
tom 56
226-234
EN
This paper aims to the so-called nicks and to their differences from the proper names, which are traditionally referred to as nicknames. The problematics is broad and uncharted, and the author presents mostly comments and observations inspired by his participation in the www.csfd.cz film web community. Nicks deserve more onomastic attention, because they are a rich source of material that is relatively easily accessible on the Internet. It is also a great manifestation of linguistic and orthographic creativity of the users. The problem with the nicks is a difficult detection of their motivations. Nicks differ from nicknames in certain categorical properties (selection of the nick by the user etc.) as well as in the graphic specifics and disrespecting of orthographic habits.
13
Content available remote Odborný i etický karambol
63%
Nejedlý P.
Acta onomastica
|
2019
|
tom 60
|
nr 2
263-267
EN
This contribution critically deals with the article by Markéta Maturová (in Jazykovědné aktuality 2018) in which she describes several extinct so-called nickname place names in a very superficial and inaccurate way. Moreover, she exploits a bachelor thesis of her student in many details without giving regular bibliographical references.
14
Potoczne pojęcie normy a proces kreowania dawnych przezwisk
63%
Matusiak-Kempa I.
Prace Językoznawcze
|
2018
|
nr XX/2
115-125
PL
W artykule omawia się wpływ myślenia potocznego na proces kreowania dawnych przezwisk. Analiza opiera się na materiale zrekonstruowanym ze współczesnych nazwisk Polaków. W pierwszej części artykułu definiuje się potoczne pojęcie normy oraz ukazuje się wpływ wartościowania potocznego na negatywne nacechowanie większości przezwisk. W dalszej części analizuje się wpływ uniwersalnych mechanizmów poznawczych na akt nazewniczy. W trzeciej części szkicu wykazuje się zależności między procesem tworzenia nazw osobowych a wybranymi kategoriami myślenia potocznego. Do kategorii tych należą m.in.: zdroworozsądkowość, mała wnikliwość podczas analizy zjawisk i upraszczające generalizacje, przejawiające się najczęściej np. w stereotypowym korelowaniu cech fizycznych i psychicznych.
EN
The article discusses the impact of folk concepts on the process of creating old nicknames. The analysis is based on the material reconstructed from contemporary Polish surnames. The first part of the article defines the vernacular notion of the norm and the influence of folk evaluation on the negative charge of most nicknames. In the following part the influence of universal cognitive mechanisms on the naming act is analyzed. The third part of the analysis shows the relationship between the process of creating personal names and selected categories of folk thinking. These categories include, among others: common sense, superficial analysis and simplifying generalizations, manifested most frequently in, for example, stereotypic correlation of physical and mental features.
15
Content available Nomen est omen? Formen und Funktionen von Nutzernamen in deutschen Online-Foren
63%
Bücker J.
Studia Germanica Gedanensia
|
2022
|
tom 47
11-23
EN
This article offers a discussion of the grammatical, semantic and pragmatic characteristics of usernames from three online forums dealing with the 2015 European migrant crisis. The study reveals that in terms of their form and function the usernames originate from a wide field of verbal “source domains”, and that expressive and graphostylistic techniques are used to foreground parallels to official personal names, nicknames or pseudonyms.
DE
Der Beitrag diskutiert die grammatischen, semantischen und pragmatischen Eigenschaften von Nutzernamen in drei Online-Foren, die sich mit der europäischen Flüchtlingskrise von 2015 auseinandersetzen. Formal und funktional wird gezeigt, dass diese Nutzernamen einem weiten Feld an sprachlichen „Spenderdomänen“ entstammen und expressive und graphostilistische Verfahren verwendet werden, um Parallelen entweder zu offiziellen Personennamen, zu Spitznamen oder zu Pseudonymen in den Vordergrund zu stellen.
16
Content available The use of personal names among Slovakia Hungarians
63%
Bauko J.
Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza
|
2014
|
tom 21
|
nr 1
107-118
PL
This study deals the use of personal names among Slovakia Hungarians. The bilingual environment of Slovakia Hungarians affects their use of personal names. Bilingual persons can choose names from a larger set of names. Choosing a variant of a personal name from one language or the other can depend on several factors: the communicative domain, the communication partners, the social or linguistic context etc. The dimensions of time, space and society play an important role in the change anddiversity of personal names. A Hungarian dominant use of names characterizes Slovakia Hungarians in the informal domains, and Slovak dominant use in the formal domains. A dual use of names or bi-naming can characterize a dual identity, however, most people employ this as a pre-emptive strategy trying to avoid a possible language or communication problem by using the form conforming with the majority norm in a majority language context and the form conforming with the minority norm in a minority language or informal context. Personal names have an identity marking function, and can indicate the language affiliation and nationality of their bearer.
17
Content available Mechanizmy kreacji onimów w literaturze dla dzieci (na przykładzie wybranych utworów)
51%
Dawidziak-Kładoczna M.
Onomastica
|
2015
|
tom 59
341-354
EN
The article presents strategies to attract attention to names relating to the literary characters in selected children’s books. Proper names are often part of the plot. The proper names present characters and describe them. This means that they have semantic value. Names are often the result of language games, including various derivation processes. One of the most interesting formative mechanisms are all kinds of word-formation inspired by two principles. A complete understanding of the intention is almost always contextual. Animal characters are named after anthroponyms. This is a result of a tendency, fairly typical of children’s literature, to transmit all the characters’ traits and behaviors in a way which is relatable to man.
18
Content available remote Poznámka k překladu německého termínu "Zuname" do češtiny
51%
Olivová-Nezbedová L.
Acta onomastica
|
2018
|
tom 59
|
nr 1
273-275
EN
According to the onomastic terminology included in the publication Οsnoven sistem i terminologija na slovenskata onomastika - Osnovnaja sistema i terminologija slavjanskoj onomastiki - Grundsystem und Terminologie der slawischen Onomastik, Skopje - Skop’e - Skopje 1983, which is still recognised to be relevant, it is necessary to translate the German term Zuname into Czech as příjmení ‚surname‘ and the German term Beiname either as příjmí ‚by-name‘ or přezdívkové vlastní jméno ‚nickname‘, depending on the context.
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