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1
Content available New media – challenge for the rulers
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EN
Political life in western democracies, even beyond the periods of subsequent elections, resembles permanent electoral campaign. All the actions of politicians and public relations of professionals are calculated to maintain supporters, attract hesitant citizens and persuade opponents. There is a common perception of media as a channel serving politicians, supported by spin doctors, to submit messages, aiming at achievement of political success. Analysis of changes in terms of communication and political marketing requires redefinition of classical categories operated by political marketing and communication, namely the notions of sender, message and receiver. While reformulating these categories, it is necessary to also analyze new tools and devices used by domains mentioned above. Presentation and explanation of their new content, definitions and relations between them leads to the conclusions concerning new role of media in the world dominated by high technologies.
EN
The expression (and concept) of “new media”, initially describing the facilities which permitted the spread of information in real time amongst many recipients, although present in western literature for sixty years, still merits thorough analysis. The rapid development of new media, signifying nowadays communication methods of a more digital nature, necessitates a thorough analysis of its influence on several aspects of social and political life. New media and politics. Internet, democracy, electoral campaigns, a work edited by Marek Jeziński, provides such an analysis in terms of political marketing, theories of political systems, ethics and other fields of interest of social and political studies. The book consists of two parts, one of which concentrates on relations between media and democracy. The second one covers the impact of the Internet on political life and the role of new technologies in providing information, shaping attitudes, changing the forms of political participation and exercising social control.
EN
Media and communication are subjects which are closely related. For quite some time in each public debate references are made to an increasing dependence between media and communication processes. Explicit attention is paid to a changing context of the communication process, and especially the process of political communication. The role of media in the process of public communication is, on the one hand, quite traditional; that is to inform the public, popularize information and mobilize citizens to action, all in the name of the public good. On the other hand, it is also noticeable that modern media play new roles such as providers of entertainment, scandals, sensation, enjoyment. All this brings a question: which of these functions tell us about the future of the media, and – consequently – how do they change the process of political communication in the public sphere? And is this what we want?
4
Content available "Join the Cause" – Human Rights on the Internet
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EN
Human rights are “basic rights and freedoms to which all humans are entitled”. Proponents of the concept usually assert that all humans are endowed with certain entitlements merely by reason of being human. Human rights are thus conceived in a universalist and egalitarian fashion. Such entitlements can exist as shared norms of actual human moralities, as justifi ed moral norms or natural rights supported by strong reasons, or as legal rights either at a national level or within international law. However, there is no consensus as to the precise nature of what in particular should or should not be regarded as a human right in any of the preceding senses, and the abstract concept of human rights has been a subject of intense philosophical debate and criticism. As the new millennium emerges, trends in global human rights are changing. Human rights issues are crossing sovereign boundaries and are no longer just issues of the state. As more and more non-governmental organizations are growing, and the Internet expands and facilitates a quicker spread of information, there are more and more people raising concerns about human rights related issues. Some of these come from the increasingly larger and infl uential commercial sector including large, multinational companies, while the others are raised by ordinary people, being parts of different networks. The aim of this article is to examine the way social networks influence and change the methods of raising the awareness concerning human rights on one hand, but, on the other hand, to analyse how new media contribute to deepening global inequalities.
EN
Many eminent experts emphasize the unprecedented scale of current social transformations, which is why such terms as „Great shock” – Fukuyama, „Future shock” – Toffler, „Endangered humanity, anthropological regression” – Szmyd appear. Zbyszko Melosik emphasizes the huge scale of culture transformation, in virtually every dimension of individual and social life. The dynamics of change, however, is primarily new media, which Marshall McLuhan made the force that makes nothing remain unchanged. At the same time, however, man remains a being in great need of genuine closeness, warmth, kindness, all good things and what we call social capital. That is why, however, care for social capital is so important in the climate of great shock, mediation and a huge scale of transformation. Personalist media pedagogy is a concern for man – a person in the space of new media, so that the media can multiply the priceless real social capital.
PL
Nowe technologie dostarczyły człowiekowi zupełnie nowych, niespotykanych wcześniej, możliwości w zakresie przekazywania wiadomości, pracy, komunikowania się i wielu innych. Jednocześnie przeprowadzone badania (również z wykorzystaniem AT) wskazują na relacyjny charakter naszego kontaktu z nimi. Pojawia się zatem pytanie – czy np. komputer to dla przeciętnego użytkownika wyłącznie narzędzie, czy może jednak coś więcej? Badania wskazują na tendencję do przypisywania komputerom struktury osobowości (analiza funkcjonalna), w znacznej mierze zbieżnej z osobowością użytkownika. Może powinniśmy zatem dokonywać analizy obecności nowych mediów w naszej rzeczywistości, traktując je nie przedmiotowo, lecz jako współpracownika – specyficznego towarzysza w naszej rzeczywistości.
EN
New technologies have provided people with new, unprecedented opportunities to transmit messages, perform work, communicate, etc. At the same time, research that has been conducted (including research that has used TA) indicates a relational nature of our contact with them. Hence, we can ask whether, for example, a computer constitutes only a tool for an average user, or maybe, it is something more. Research indicates a tendency to credit computers with a personality structure (functional analysis), which, to a great extent, is similar to the personality of the user. Thus, maybe we should analyse the presence of new media in our reality and treat them not as objects but as co-workers – specific companions in our reality.
EN
Subject of the report is media exclusion of elderly people in Poland, especially in area of Internet-connected activities as well as changes in social interaction model which are connected with development of the Internet. Nowadays we face with Internet revolution witch whom technological progress and web tools development allowed to partly virtualize interpersonal contacts and change the way people interact with others. Even in area of everyday life the Internet revolution allowed to modify our behaviors which were immutable from ages. The aim of this report is to assess the level of inclusion of the elderly people from Poland into area od virtual contacts and other activities as well as presenting their methods to use different media.
EN
In the article the author describes selected aspects of cultural changes caused by the omnipresence of new media, which affect cultural behaviour of young Poles, primarily when it comes to how they use language. He uses the concept of cultural software, taken from J.M. Balkin’s book and popularised by L. Manovich, to describe phenomena stemming from achange in the circulation and functioning of cultural goods on the Internet. As children and adolescents constantly use various mobile devices connected to the global web, their free time is filled primarily with pop cultural content strengthening consumer attitudes. Thelanguage of the new media changes the roles of the sender and the receiver, and becomes asource of new forms of intellectual activity hitherto referred to as “reading”, “analysis”, “interpretation”.
EN
This paper investigates the diffusion of digital technologies within the football talent scouting process. A qualitative exploration based on open discussions and unstructured interviews with professionals involved in the football system (coaches, scouts, players’ agents, etc.) provides insights about how new technologies are used for recruiting athletes. The findings, which are mainly in the context of Italian football, indicate a cultural and generational gap in the use of new digital tools that creates a mismatch between young promising athletes (demand side) and “senior” team professionals (supply side).
11
Content available Algorytmizacja przestrzeni internetowej
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EN
The article tackles the problem of the existence of algorithms in selected services and the Internet websites. The interfacing of media is the starting point for this discourse, aimed at presenting the processes of automatisation in information distribution, the individualisation of messages, and profiling in websites. The threats resulting from dynamically developing enterprises aimed at providing the website user with artificial intelligence – in terms of both social networks and mobile applications – are explicated in detail. The examples presented in the article refer to Internet recommendation systems, e-mail applications, voice assistants, and mechanisms responsible for the functioning of social networks. Speculations on the algorithms omnipresent on the net lead us to reflect on how the journalist’s profession will be redefined in the future, since it seems that the role of the journalist will be to moderate discussion and select the themes to be discussed; it is quite likely, though, that the themes selected will be compiled by specialised software.
12
Content available Dyskurs medialny w ujęciu kulturowym
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EN
The aim of the article is to show the changes that take place in new media and culture, and have an impact on the study of discourses. A structuralist paradigm, an iconic paradigm and a performative paradigm were chosen for the analysis. According to the author, these paradigms have the greatest influence on the cultural paradigm undergoing constant transformation. The most important consequence of the cultural turn is the interpretative and humanistic attitude used in media discourse research. It emphasizes the constructivist vision of cultural phenomena, cooperation and relations of various cultural practices, a departure from essentialism, narrative reading of texts, individual understanding and pragmatic use of a given text, as well as openness to numerous cultural contexts that expand its meaning.
EN
The book is a handbook of communictaion and new media for students and researchers. It is a collection of 14 articles that discuss this topic from the point of view of different scientific fields. The strong point of the book is the extensive bibliography.
EN
The main question of this article is: how should we think about new media in the age of excess, timelessness and non-places? Is it possible to live without the prefix "smart" and to exist on the sidelines of new media? Undoubtedly the new ways of communication (for example mobile applications, social media, social gaming, the phenomenon of "selfie") and increasing consumption of technology and data has changed the way we consider about our work and leisure time, face-to-face communication, friends and even everyday need. In the light of these circumstances it will be necessary to reassess our picture of mobile media - to think over the change of habits, to appreciate the role of communication.
15
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EN
In today’s era, in which visual communication and multimedia dominate, a direct result of this has been the development of genres based on the visual transfer of information. The visualisation of information connects the communicative goals of a journalist with the reader’s expectations. Infographics, which combine a graphic representation of information with an understandable, dynamic and updated form of presentation is becoming a crucial form of informative discourse. This form can be an element that enriches a text, but it can also function as an autonomous journalistic genre, with its own categories and varieties. Data journalism, i.e., journalism based on figures and statistics, is very closely connected with infographics; its aim is the collecting, filtering and interpreting of data (e.g. by means of infographics). Thus, the skill of storing data is becoming very important in a journalist’s work, comparably important to interpretation and presentation. Figures, percentages and statistics are significant sources of information, as well as means of telling and creating a story. They may also be used as a source of entertainment and a means of engaging the reader; the phenomenon of “datatainment” (derived from sport), meaning the use of data for the sake of provoking a reader’s interaction, provides proof of this.
16
Content available New media in art therapy
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EN
The article aims to show possible uses of new media in art therapy. Based on the art therapy process, it describes practical uses of new media in therapy for patients in long-term hospitalization in a daycare ward of a psychiatric hospital. The use of new media in therapy for a woman diagnosed with autism is presented. In the case of interventions for people in long-term hospitalization, a series of workshops included 16 sessions, and in the case of individual art therapy for the person diagnosed with autism - 12 sessions. The introduction of new media to art therapy resulted in the activation of creative powers, a sense of agency and self-control, objectivization of reality, and self-observation.
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tom 42
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nr 4
293–303
EN
The phenomenon of new media has been a subject of ongoing discussions for a years. On the one hand, they are still reveal many doubts and concerns related to their interpretation and description. On the other hand – has become a pretext for extended reflection on contemporary culture and communication strategies. Particularly important in this context seem to be stories about the meanings of new media in everyday use. Indeed new media are involved in everyday practice and experience of their users.
18
Content available remote Status dzieła w przestrzeni mix-medialnej
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XX
The opposition between traditional and new media (usually identified with te therm: electronic media) paradoxically contributed to creation of a specific artistic phenomenon. The space has becone not only a place or its illusion, but was treated as a tool for the creation of feedback: sending impulses but absorbent ones to reach him. Using space as a tool , the artist leads us into a state of uncertainly the status of the work. In fact, we do not know where it is entrenched because it’s ‘suspended’ in many objects but without the destination of their hierarchy. Who is considered the author, how to save and preserve it? This particular space we can name mixmedia space. It sets a new order in arts, not just visual. Enlargement of artistic space appears to be an permanence process and the infinite. The mixmedia space is only step in this continuity.
EN
New media becomes more and more popular. Its existence and constant development do not stay indifferent to traditional forms of non-fiction literature. The distinct example of this phenomenon is creation of a multimedia reportage. It is a combination of the classic journalistic text and elements such as: pictures, sounds, films, animations and visualizations. A typical quality of multimedia reportage is interactivity. This paper contains analysis of one of the first Polish examples of the new kind of reportage – Boskie Światło by Jacek Hugo-Bader. In the presented paper all new media tools used by the reporter and effect of this usage are described. Following this – the influence of new media on non-fiction literature evolution is depicted. The multimedia reportage is a completely new creation, so no specific literature about this genre has been written yet. To prove its otherness, it is compared with a classic form of the reportage.
PL
Dwie książki, Erica Topola, “The Creative Destruction of Medicine: How the Digital Revolution Will Create Better Health Care “ oraz Jody Ranck, “Connected Health: How Mobile Phones, Cloud and Big Data Will Reinvent Healthcare”, syntetycznie przedstawiają dokonujący się proces głębokiej transformacji współczesnej medycyny, w którym istotną rolę odgrywają nowe media i technologie informacyjne. Tytuł artykułu „Od doktora House do doktora Google” wskazuje na przejście od jedynie oglądania fabularnych obrazów lekarza na ekranie telewizora do metaforycznego lekarza internetowego, nazwanego doktorem Google. Korzysta z tej wyszukiwarki niemal dwie trzecie internautów, często za pomocą smartfonu. To urządzenie zapewnia nie tylko dostęp do lekarskiej diagnostyki, ale także samo staje się poprzez dołączane sensory medycznym diagnostą w telemedycynie.
EN
Two books by Eric Topol, “The Creative Destruction of Medicine: How the Digital Revolution Will Create Better Health Care” and Jody Ranck, “Connected Health: How Mobile Phones, Cloud and Big Data Will Reinvent Healthcare”, synthetically present an ongoing process of profound transformation of modern health care, in which an important role play new media and information technologies. Title of the article “From Dr. House to Dr. Google” indicates the transition from merely watching a fictional doctor on TV screen to metaphorical images online doctor, called Dr. Google. Almost two thirds of internauts use the search engines frequently, often using smartphone. This device not only provides access to the medical diagnosis and tool to be in touch with medical personnel, but through sensors attached it becomes itself a medical diagnostician in telemedicine.
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