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EN
Terpenoids are a numerous class of natural compounds that possess various biological activities, including estrogenic action. In the present paper we report the results of study of estrogen and membrane activity of aromatic and aliphatic derivatives of sesquiterpen alcohol carotene, isolated from Ferula genus, directly testing the hypothesis that these compounds modulate hormone production via affecting the mobilization of intracellular calcium. We have found that the complex ethers of sesquiterpen with aromatic but not with aliphatic substituents, more than 3-time increased the weight of uterus of prepubertal rats and stimulated the appearance of estrus in ovariectomized female rats in 80-100% of injected animals. Experiment carried out on intact cells (thymocytes) using the Ca2+ indicator Fura-2/AM showed that terpenoids exhibited stimulatory effect on the pubescence of rats by the increase of [Ca2+]i. Furthermore, as observed in the experiments in vitro, these terpenoids dramatically inhibit Ca-ATPase and Na, K-ATPase of intracellular and plasma membranes and cause structural changes in membranes as was shown by EPR spectroscopy method. These data suggest that sesquiterpens could exert their estrogen-like activity via increase of intracellular Ca2+.
EN
Solanaceous plants have a great economic impact in Egypt. These groups of plants include potatoes, tomatoes and eggplants. The new invasive pest of tomatoes, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) causes the greatest crop losses which can range from 60 to 100%. After its detection in Egypt during the last half of 2009, it spread quickly to all provinces in the country. We aiming to propose a sustainable control program for this devastating pest. In this research we tested three groups of control agents. The first was microbial and natural, the second – plant extracts and the third – chemical insecticides. Our results showed that the impact of T. absoluta can be greatly reduced by the use of sustainable control measures represented by different insecticide groups. Bioassay experiments showed that this devastating pest can be controlled with some compounds that give high mortality rates. Of these compounds, spinosad and Beauveria bassiana, microbial control agents, followed by azadirachtin, gave the best results in controlling T. absoluta. Of the chemical insecticides, lambda-cyhalotrin was the most effective, followed by lufenuron and profenofos. In conclusion we encourage farmers to use microbial and natural control measures in combating the tomato leafminer, T. absoluta, in Integrated Pest Mangement (IPM) programs.
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EN
Visual chromatography has been employed for a preliminary identification of natural compound of a group of sesquiterpene lactones – Centaurea bella Trautv., C. crocodylium L., C. lusitanica Boiss. et Reuter, Helenium hoopesii A. Gray = Dugaldia hoopesii (A. Gray) Rydb., Stizolophus balsamita (Lam.) Cass., Zoegea baldschuanica C. Winkl., germacranes – Santolina pinnata Viv. subsp. neapolitana (Jord. et Fourr.) Guinea = S. neapolitana Jord. et Fourr. A dependence of the colour of the spots, induced by anisaldehyde reagent, on the presence of several substituents in the germacranolide ring – derivatives of partnenolide and salonitenolide – has been identified. The structures of the skeleton in the ring of sesquiterpene lactones in Helenium hoopesii can also be established by thin layer chromatography (TLC). The analysis of the chromatograms of extracts from dry and fresh Centaurea crocodylium herb has shown significant differences as for the chemical composition. Two sorts of germacranes of Santolina pinnata subsp. neapolitana display a characteristic colour of the spots.
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