Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Podíl TIL na „posvětovění“ české filosofické logiky

100%

Peregrin J.

|

nr 6

831-848

EN

This contribution is a somewhat personal account of the role played by the transparent intensional logic of Pavel Tichý in the process of the development of Czech philosophical logic, and especially of how that logic over the last decades developed from being practically non-existent into an internationally-renowned discipline. My impression is that the part it played is somewhat ambiguous: on the one hand, there is no doubt that both Tichý himself and his follower contributed to this rise of Czech philosophical logic in a significant way. On the other hand, however, as Tichý (and also his followers after him) in his revolutionary fervour, aroused by the partially justified feeling that his results were not duly appreciated, failed to appreciate some of the basic features of modern logic, and thus their revolution sometimes becomes a tilting at windmills. Moreover, it seems to me that transparent intensional logic has gradually, and largely, become a kind of closed world in which it is, above all, internal problems that are tackled – problems which are often either incomprehensible or uninteresting for those who stand outside its confines.

2

Peregrinova inferencialistická koncepcia jazyka a logiky (2. časť)

100%

Koreň L.

|

nr 3

421-436

EN

In the monography Inferentialism: Why Rules Matter (Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan 2014) Jaroslav Peregrin argues that inferential rules constitute the semantic structure of language. In this study I review and assess the inferentialist conception of logic that Peregrin elaborated in the second part of the book.

3

The commentary to some motifs of Peter Faltin's semiotics of music

100%

Fujak J.

|

nr 14

100-112

PL

The article is focused on original musical semiotics of well known Slovak theoretician Peter Faltin (1939-1981), especially on his original semiotic theories in 1970s, including his last (unfinished) work Signification of Aesthetic Signs Music and Language based on L. Wittgenstein's philosophy. The paper also delas with studies of contemporary representatives of Slovak and Czech semiotics, aesthetics and postmodern philosophy such as Eubomir Chalupka, Jarmila Doubravovâ, Klement Mitterpach and Jûlius Fujak, who commented, explained and developed Faltin's thoughts in the frame of their research.

4

When Do the Leaves Fall and When Do We Reap? – Semantic Analysis of Folk Month Names in the Languages of Eastern Europe

100%

Sučević Međeral K.

|

nr 3

285-303

EN

The abundance of folk month names in different languages of Eastern Europe results in specific mental pictures in a speaker's mind. Translation usually fails to communicate the elaborate connotations implied, even in the case of closely related languages. The paper gives a comparative semantical analysis of folk month names in the Slavic languages, the Baltic languages, Finnish, Estonian, Hungarian, Romanian and Albanian, identifying the common features, the differences and possible reasons for both. The aim of the paper is to provide data for both linguistic and ethnological mapping of Eastern Europe, as an area that had been under less influence from the Latin-dominated culture and had in that way better preserved some original, less uniform linguistic features.

5

Za północnym kordonem. Prusy Wschodnie w myśli politycznej polskiego obozu narodowego w latach 1918-1939

100%

Meller A.

|

nr 1(13)

189-211

EN

This article focuses on the question of Eastern Prussia in Polish national camp political thought of the the frist half of the 20th century. The author presents disparity between the presence of Eastern Prussia in publications of national camp and the historical and strategic meaning Prussia for Poland.

6

Towards a Semantically Organized Meaning List for Cognate Searches

100%

Urban M.

|

2018

|

tom 7

141-158

EN

In this contribution I present a meaning list for cognate searches in which meanings are, unlike in similar lists of “basic vocabulary” for the same purpose, organized according to semantic principles. This list is designed to identify possible cognates, which can then be scrutinized more closely in search for hitherto undetected genealogical relationships between languages, in a more effective way. Rather than proposing a completely new set of meanings to be featured, the list combines those most commonly used in extant lists of basic vocabulary such as the Swadesh or the Leipzig/Jakarta List, but introduces several design principles which are jointly able to represent also complex semantic relationships in the context of wordlists.

7

Interpretation as Feeling Settled. A few Thoughts about Reading (Poems)

100%

Antoniuk M.

|

2018

|

tom 66

|

nr 1: Literatura polska - Selected Papers in English

133-149

EN

The Polish version of the article was published in “Roczniki Humanistyczne”, vol. 59 (2011), issue 1 The article is a suggestion for an interpretation of Czesław Miłosz’s poem Biel (Whiteness) (from the volume Miasto bez imienia (City Without a Name). The accepted methodology of interpretation tries to find and define the zone of mediation between the ideal of comprehensive reading, striving after integrating and structuralizing the global meaning of the work, and the suggestions coming from post-structuralist philosophy of reading texts. The author’s own interpretation of the poem has been taken into consideration; a comparative reading of Biel has been suggested as well as of a Miłosz’s later poem Powrót do Krakowa w roku 1880 (Return to Krakow in 1880). This comparison is supposed to serve showing different strategies of creating texts and meanings used by the author of Nieobjęta ziemia (Unattainable Earth). At the same time, at the background, a commentary to Miłosz’s poem becomes an opportunity to construct a meta-interpretative reflection. Looking at his own reading the author formulates remarks concerning the process of reading and comprehending, he introduces and analyzes the metaphor of “interpretation as feeling settled.”

8

Mentee, czyli mentorowany – o recepcji zapożyczenia w języku polskim

100%

Grażul-Luft A.

|

tom 800

|

nr 1

84-95

EN

The borrowing mentee occurs in the Polish language mainly in the area concerned with professional development. The noun is semantically close e.g. to the word podopieczny, yet its emotional load seems to be more positive than that of other semantically similar lexemes. The borrowing mentee has not be recorded in dictionaries of Polish yet; its meaning has been discussed based on contextual usages.

9

Funkcja semantyczna terminów w postmodernistycznym paradygmacie nauk humanistycznych – szkic problemowy

100%

Woźniak-Wrzesińska E.

|

nr 13

347-358

EN

The aim of the article is to consider the meaning (description of semantic function) of terms in the humanities sciences. The author assumes that the terms in scientific texts in the field of humanities should be considered differently from those in natural sciences, and this is primarily due to the specificity of the object of research, which is dealt with by humanists. In the central part of the argument, the characteristics of humanities are presented in relation to the subject of its research, then the characteristics of the term referring to such, and not another, object of research. The author concludes that in the process of searching for the meaning of terms of the humanities sciences, one should first of all refer to the tradition in which the term exists. It turns out that the meaning of the term is not related to its denotation.

10

The meaning of „nasal grunts” in the NECTE corpus. A preliminary perceptual investigation

88%

Chlébowski A.

|

nr 1

43-59

EN

This paper reports a perceptual evaluation of the meanings conveyed by the acoustic components of “nasal grunts” (Chlebowski and Ballier 2015), i.e., non-lexical conversational sounds realised with a nasal feature (e.g. , , ). This study follows the experimental investigation conducted by Chlebowski and Ballier (2015) on the acoustic components of such sounds in the PVC project (Milroy et al. 1997), which is part of the NECTE corpus (Allen et al. 2007). In accordance with current claims in the literature, they ascribed meanings to these acoustic features, e.g. fall-rises express that the “speaker implies something” (Wells 2006: 27), and verified their validity through an analysis of the context surrounding the “nasal grunts”. Nonetheless, to avoid problems of circularity and ad hoc categories, the present study includes a perceptual evaluation by four participants. To verify the meanings ascribed to the features of “nasal grunts”, three native speakers of American English were recorded in short casual conversations and three perception tests were created using these recordings, with Praat software (Boersma and Weenink 2009). The first two tests aim to check whether different acoustic features: 1) are perceived as different when presented in pairs; 2) can be identified by the participants (as falls or rises) in isolation. The last test aim to determine whether each feature bears the same meaning: 1) in isolation, 2) in a given context, or 3) in scripted conversations likely to trigger the meanings ascribed by Chlebowski and Ballier (2015). Results suggest that acoustic components of “nasal grunts” in Geordie English do convey specific attitudinal meanings, and raise the possibility of a perceptual hierarchy of those components.

11

Dubichynskyi, Volodymir/ Jaskólski, Adam/ Muszyńska-Wolny, Dorota (2021), Leksykograficzna interpretacja rosyjsko-polskich paraleli frazeologicznych. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Uniwerystetu Warszawskiego, ss. 237, ISBN 978-83-235-4933-8

88%

Dźwierzyńska E.

|

2023

|

tom XXV/1

223-230

12

Language as a Tool. An Insight From Cognitive Science

88%

Brożek B. , Hohol M.

|

nr 2

16-25

EN

In this paper it has been argued that the theory of conceptual maps developed recently by Paul M. Churchland provides support for Wittgenstein’s claim that language is a tool for acting in the world. The role of language is to coordinate and shape the conceptual maps of the members of the given language community, reducing the cross-individual cognitive idiosyncrasies and paving the way for joint cognitive enterprises. Moreover, Churchland’s theory also explains our tendency to speak of language as consisting of concepts which correspond to things we encounter in the world. The puzzle of common sense reference is no longer a puzzle: while at the fundamental level language remains a tool for orchestrating conceptual maps, the fact that the maps encode some communally shared categorization of experience fuels our talk of concepts capturing the essences of things, natural kinds, prototypes, etc.

13

Il modo congiuntivo: il caso della lingua polacca e italiana

88%

Paliczuk A.

|

2022

|

tom 34

1-21

EN

Natural languages differ not only in lexis, but also, or perhaps above all, in grammar. The importance of certain grammatical forms or their frequency of use can vary among languages. There are languages that use them or describe them differently.In the contemporary Polish grammar we will not find information about the subjunctive mood. However, when comparing it with other languages, such as Italian, we will notice certain analogies and phenomena in Polish which are not formally described, and yet they resemble the subjunctive. Nonetheless, a researcher, who will consult older studies, may discover that the description of the Polish grammar changed quite significantly and may be able to find some new insights.This text is an attempt to show that, despite the lack of a formal description, Polish uses the subjunctive, by confronting it with Italian language.

PL

Języki naturalne różnią się nie tylko leksyką, ale także, a może przede wszystkim, gramatyką. Znaczenie niektórych form gramatycznych lub częstotliwość ich używania może różnić się w zależności od języka. Istnieją języki, które ich używają w inny sposób lub opisują je inaczej. We współczesnej gramatyce języka polskiego nie znajdziemy informacji o trybie łączącym. Jednak porównując język polski z innymi językami, np. włoskim, dostrzeżemy pewne zjawiska w języku polskim, które nie są formalnie opisane, a jednak przypominają tryb przypuszczający. Niemniej jednak badacz, który skonsultuje się ze starszymi opracowaniami, może odkryć, że opis gramatyki polskiej zmienił się dość znacząco i być może uda mu się dokonać nowych spostrzeżeń. Tekst ten jest próbą pokazania, że mimo braku opisu formalnego, język polski posługuje się trybem łączącym, co uwidacznia porównanie go z językiem włoskim.

IT

Le lingue naturali differiscono non solo nel lessico, ma anche, o forse soprattutto, nella grammatica. L’importanza di alcune strutture grammaticali o la loro frequenza d'uso possono variare tra le lingue. Ci sono lingue che le usano o le descrivono in modo diverso. Nella grammatica polacca contemporanea non troviamo informazioni sul modo congiuntivo. Tuttavia, cercando di confrontarla con altre lingue, come l’italiano, notiamo alcuni fenomeni nella lingua polacca che non sono formalmente descritti, eppure assomigliano al congiuntivo. Tuttavia, un ricercatore, che consulterebbe studi precedenti, potrebbe scoprire che la descrizione della grammatica polacca è cambiata in modo abbastanza significativo e potrebbe essere in grado di effettuare alcune nuove osservazioni. Questo testo è un tentativo di mostrare che nonostante la mancanza di una descrizione formale la lingua polacca usa il congiuntivo, ciò si evince in base ad un confronto con la lingua italiana.

14

Pochodzenie i znaczenie wyrazu szkulepa

88%

Waniakowa J.

Acta Baltico-Slavica

|

2010

|

tom 34

EN

The origin and meaning of the word szkulepaThe article deals with the history and etymology of the word szkulepa ‘jade’, ‘old cow’, ‘old, ugly woman’. It exists in the Doroszewski’s dictionary as an old word with no etymology. The author presents the lexicographical history of the word in Polish and reflects on its origin and morphological structure. She explores for this purpose various dictionaries of foreign languages as follows: Russian, Byelorussian and Lithuanian. She confirms that probably related words appear only in Lithuanian. Then she analyses the morphology of the discussed word. Finally, she comes to a conclusion that the word szkulepa comes into existence on the Lithuanian-Byelorussian borderland and makes a hybrid consisting of the Lithuanian lexical morpheme škùl-, which exists in a few Lithuanian words, and the unproductive Byelorussian suffix -ep-a. Происхождение и значение лексемы szkulepaСтатья посвящена этимологическому анализу лексемы szkulepa ‘дряхлая коняга’, ‘старая корова’, ‘старая, некрасивая женщина’. Данное слово отмечено в словаре под редакцией Дорошевского с пометой устарелое и без этимологии. Автор представила лексикографическую историю слова, обсуждая его происхождение и морфологическую структуру. Для этого использовались разные словари: русские, белорусские, литовские. Оказывается, что родственные слова можно найти лишь в литовском языке. На основе морфологического анализа можно сделать вывод, что слово szkulepa образовалось на литовско-белорусском пограничье и является гибридом, состоящим из литовской лексической морфемы škùl-, встречающейся в нескольких литовских словах, и непродуктивного белорусского суффикса -ер-а.

15

Inferencialismus

88%

Peregrin J.

|

tom 63

|

nr 2

163-177

EN

Inferentialism, as presented by Robert Brandom, is first and foremost a view of the nature of meaning: it is the view that meaning is fundamentally the role which an expression acquires by becoming governed by the rules of our language games. (Hence it is a certain kind of “use theory of meaning” familiar from post-Wittgensteinian discussions; according to inferentialism, however, meaning is not given by actual use, but rather by the rules of correct use.) In this text we attempt to draw very general consequences from this approach (consequences that go beyond what is to be found in the work of R. Brandom). We claim that meaning is generally a certain form of “entanglement” in a certain kind of human practice that is built up from the much more primitive building blocks of human abilities that enable us to adopt normative attitudes and, in general, to accept rules. And it is just these human abilities which have shifted us humans onto the evolutionary trajectory on which we are now proceeding and on which we are quickly leaving behind other kinds of animals. It is precisely this ability which has led to our becoming the only animal species which has supplemented standard biological evolution with a kind of evolution that we might call cultural, and which is incomparably faster and more effective.

16

Sociologies of Everyday Life: From Alienation to the Production of Meaning

88%

Terenzi P.

|

nr 1(12) The Relational Turn in Sociology: Implications for the Study of Society, Culture, and Persons

243-259

EN

This paper analyses the concept of everyday life as formulated in relational sociology. It shows that Pierpaolo Donati’s historical analysis of the dualist nature of everyday life is similar to that of Alvin Gouldner but that the two authors’ approaches differ in terms of the possibility of overcoming this dualism. From the perspective of relational sociology, sociological interpretations of everyday life can be traced to two paradigms. The first is the Marxist paradigm, in which everyday life is primarily characterized by forms of alienation. The second is the phenomenological paradigm, in which everyday life primarily consists of producing meaning. The first paradigm examines stories and cultures of subordinate social groups, and denounces domination and alienation in everyday life. The second paradigm examines the common-sense world, and how it is taken for granted, structured, and inter-subjective. Relational sociology seeks to overcome these two paradigms by highlighting their aporias, and considers alienation to be the outcome of a deep division between the ultimate meaning of life and the culture of everyday life. While in order to overcome this dualism, Gouldner offers an immanent reading of everyday life, relational sociology tries to show how in everyday life the relationship between social practices and culture may give rise to a new form of secularism that is accepting of non-fundamentalist aspects of religious belief.

17

Semantic Change in Old English 'Music' Nouns: A Corpus Study

88%

Bęcławski M.

|

nr 22/2

59-71

XX

This paper presents the main Old English ‘music’ nouns used before the Norman Conquest. By ‘‘main” music nouns is meant those which bear the core sense of music as an acoustic activity produced by and for people, including basic theoretical facets pertaining to music. As a result, many terms bearing peripheral, partitive, qualitative, or otherwise specific reading(s) like ‘harmony’, ’sound’, ‘psalm singing’, etc., are excluded from the present study (cf. Simpson – Weiner 1991: 126–127). Culturally, the paper tackles both secular and ecclesiastic types of music with regard to their artistic and/or entertaining values. The short introduction dealing with the cultural aspect of the problem will facilitate a linguistic examination of the terms in question.

18

Analyticity and Modality

88%

Karimov A.

Dialogue and Universalism

|

2014

|

nr 3

89-93

EN

In this paper I defend the concept of metaphysical analyticity, and argue for the no-tion of analyticity as truth in virtue of the reference determiner, introduced by Gillian K. Russell. Contrary to Russell, I try to show that necessary a posteriori statements are analytic under this notion. Also, I maintain that contingent a priori statements cannot be properly called analytic.

19

Method and Meaning in Surveys on Attitudes to Jews in Poland

88%

Sułek A.

|

tom 184

|

nr 4

431-450

EN

This article is a methodological commentary regarding surveys on attitudes in Poland to Jews and publications on that research. It is intended to help in interpreting survey results and to prevent conclusions being drawn on insufficient grounds. The article shows some of the problems with interpreting and determining the meaning of survey results. It analyses, in this light, the survey meaning of the word “Jew;” numerical questions and answers; questions about attitudes-like and dislike, closeness and distance; answers expressing belief in Jewish power; and questions and answers in international comparative studies.

20

Rebranding - determinants and meaning in higher education

88%

Mroz-Gorgon B. , Szymanski G.

|

nr 4 t.2

EN

The main aim of the article is to determine the marketing communication of the rebranding process on the example of higher education institutions in the context of their activities, and its meaning for the students. The cognitive task is to explore the mechanisms and results of brand image management (in terms of marketing) of the surveyed organisations, including: corporate identity, as well as their offerings, promotions, and other relevant factors (including marketing strategy elements such as CSR).

PL

Głównym celem artykułu jest określenie komunikacji marketingowej w procesie rebrandingu na przykładzie placówek szkolnictwa wyższego w kontekście ich działalności oraz jego znaczenia dla studentów. Zadanie o charakterze kognitywnym jest zbadanie mechanizmów i wyników zarządzania wizerunkiem marki (w kategoriach marketingu) badanych organizacji, m. in. tożsamości korporacyjnej (corporate identity), jak również ich ofert, promocji i innych istotnych czynników (wliczając w to elementy strategii marketingowej, takie jak CSR).

RU

Основная цель статьи - определить маркетинговую коммуникацию процесса ребрендинга на примере вузов в контексте их деятельности и значения для студентов. Когнитивная задача - изучить механизмы и результаты управления имиджем бренда (в категории маркетинга) обследуемых организаций, включая корпоративное тождество, а также их предложения, мероприятия по продвижению и другие релевантные факторы (включая элементы маркетинговой стратегии, такие как корпоративная социальная ответственность, CSR).