Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

New data on the Lower Cretaceous microfossil and nannoconid stratigraphy in the Guaniguanico terrane of western Cuba

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Pszczółkowski A.

Studia Geologica Polonica

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1999

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tom Vol. 114

7-33

EN

The age of some Lower Cretaceous lithostratigraphic units and their boundaries in the Guaniguanico terrane, western Cuba, is modified on the basis of calpionellids, foraminifers and nannoconids. In the Northern Rosario belt, the Artemisa/Polier formations boundary is diachronous (upper Lower Berriasian to Lower Valanginian). In the studied sites located in the Southern Rosario belt, the topmost part of the Sumidero Member of the Artemisa Formation is latest Valanginian to Hauterivian in age. Comparing this result with previous data, the Artemisa/Santa Teresa formations boundary ranges from Lower Valanginian to Hauterivian. The Late Valanginian to earliest Hauterivian age of the lowermost part of the Pons Formation in the Río Las Piedras section, Sierra de los Organos, is accepted on the basis of the planktonic foraminifers, calpionellids and nannoconids. The presence of Tintinnopsella carpathica Murgeanu et Filipescu is characteristic for the Tintinnopsella Zone. Nannoconus truittii Brönnimann, 1955, subsp. truittii Deres et Achéritéguy, 1980, is present in the Barremian-Lower Aptian assemblages. Comparing the Lower Cretaceous stratigraphic record from the Guaniguanico terrane to that registered at the Southern Gulf of Mexico basin site (Hole 535), some similarities, as well as differences, can be discerned.

2

Facies development and lithostratigraphy of the Hightatric mid-Cretaceous (Zabijak Formation) in the Polish Tatra Mountains

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Krajewski K. P.

Studia Geologica Polonica

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2003

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tom Vol. 121

81-158

EN

The paper presents facies development and lithostratigraphy of the mid-Cretaceous Zabijak Formation in the Polish part of the Tatra Mountains. Reference is also made to all known occurrences of the formation in the Slovak part of the Tatra. Geological maps, general and detailed sections, and representative selection of rock samples (Figs 1-60) as well as panoramic photographs of the formation outcrops (Pls 1-17) give insight into the distribution, facies, sedimentary features, lithostratigraphic units, and tectonic position of the mid-Cretaceous sequence in the Tatra Mts. The Zabijak Formation embraces the youngest sedimentary sequence occurring in the Mesozoic Hightatric Succession. It rests disconformably upon various units of the Lower Cretaceous substratum, and is cut discordantly by the Hightatric and/or Subtatric overthrusts. There are three main sedimentary facies in the formation: (1) the limestone facies; (2) the marly facies; and (3) the marly-silty-sandy (flysch-type) facies. They record three consequent stages in the mid-Cretaceous history of the Hightatric sedimentary basin: (1) submerged carbonate platform with prevailing non-depositional conditions and/or condensed sedimentation (Early to Late Albian); and two basinal stages: (2) hemipelagic marly basin with increasing-upwards input of fine terrigenous material (Late Albian through Cenomanian); and (3) marly distal flysch basin with considerable input of fine terrigenous material (?Early Turonian). The Zabijak Formation is subdivided into three superimposed members (new units): (1) the Żeleźniak Member, (2) the Kamienne Member, and (3) the Pisana Member, that correspond to the three main facies of the formation. Five units of bed rank (new units) are defined as well in the basal part of the formation: (1) the Ku Stawku Bed(s), (2) the Wielka Rówień Bed, (3) the Spady Bed, (4) the Upłazkowa Bed, and (5) the Mułowy Beds. The former two represent condensed limestone facies and infillings of cavities and dykes in the direct substratum, whereas the latter three embrace basal conglomeratic and sandy deposits of the overlying Kamienne Member.

3

Lithostratigraphy and genesis of Quaternary strata between Lanckorona and Myoelenice in theWestern Outer Carpathians

80%

Grabowski D.

Geological Quarterly

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2004

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tom Vol. 48, No 4

351--370

EN

The region between the Wieliczka Foothills and the Beskid Makowski Mts. has yielded new data on the accumulation of loess-like deposits during the Vistulian Glaciation. The grain-size distibution and the heavy mineral composition, particularly the significant presence of amphiboles, indicates on aeolian origin for these silty deposits. The silt was most probably derived from glaciofluvial deposits in the Carpathian forelands. Among the Quaternary deposits which accumulated during the Vistulian Glaciation and Holocene, three horizons of loess-like deposits (correlated with the lower, middle and upper younger loesses of the Lublin Upland), three horizons of solifluction deposits, and three horizons of deluvial deposits were distinguished. The accumulation of seven alluvial successions in the Raba and Harbutówka River valleys encompasses a large part of the Quaternary - from the South Polish Glaciations (terraces VII and VI) up to the Holocene (terraces II and I). The lithostratigraphy of the slope deposits (solifluctional and deluvial) and loess-like deposits has been estabilished mainly on the basis of 14C dates of the palaeosol horizons. One of these dates, combined with palynological analysis, confirmed the existence of a warmer period in the Denekamp Interstadial (31 200 +/- 1000 years BP in the Harbutowice-1 section). The dates obtained fromthe Jastrzębia-1 (20 760 +/- 300 years BP) and Polanka-1 (20 980 +/- 310 years BP and 14 510 +/- 150 years BP) sections point to periods favouring the development of soils in the younger and terminal parts of the Younger Pleniglacial. These results, consistent with the dates obtained by other investigators, point to the existence of a warmer period (between 24-20 ka BP) in southern Poland during the maximum development of the ice sheet (Main Stadial) during the last glaciation in northern Poland.

4

Caledonian Basement (Hecla Hoek Succession) at Midterhuken, Bellsund, Spitsbergen: a Revision of Lithostratigraphy and Age

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Birkenmajer K.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Earth Sciences

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2002

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tom Vol. 50, nr 2

165-173

EN

Caledonian basement (Hecla Hoek Succession) of the Carboniferous through Tertiary platform coyer is exposed at Midterhuken, Bellsund, Spitsbergen. It consists of three rock-units, so far attributed to the "Magnethogda sequence" believed to represent Middle Proterozoic. In the present author's opinion, these units correlate well with Upper Proterozoic and Cambrian lithostratigraphic units of the Hornsund area, south Spitsbergen. At Midterhuken, there occur: (1) the Hoferpynten Formation (Upper Proterozoic Sofiebogen Group: dolostones, more than 600 m thick); (2) the Gashamna Formation (Upper Proterozoic Sofiebogen Group: phyllite and quartzite, about 300 m thick); (3) the Gnalberget Formation (Cambrian Sofiekammen Group: phyllitic limestone, probably more than 300 m thick). Small thickness of the Gashamna Formation, and the lack of the oldest lithostratigraphic units of the Sofiekammen Group (i.e., the Blastertoppen, the Vardepiggen and the Slaklidalen formations) at Midterhuken, seem to be mainly a result of Caledonian folding and thrusting.

5

New aspects of Mesozoic lithostratigraphy and basin development in the Western Carpathians

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Michalik J.

Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

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2001

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tom nr 396

106-107

6

Lithostratigraphic classification of the Tsodilo Hills Group: a Palaeo- to Mesoproterozoic metasedimentary succession in NW Botswana

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Wendorff M. , Świąder A.

Geology, Geophysics and Environment

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2019

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tom Vol. 45, no. 4

305--318

EN

The Tsodilo Hills Group strata exposed in the Tsodilo Hills are an association of meta-arenites, metaconglomerates, quartz-mica schists, sandstone, red siltstone and sedimentary breccia deposited on an open siliciclastic marine shelf between the Late Palaeoproterozic and Late Mesoproterozoic, and outcropping in NW Botswana. The succession is dominated by three micaceous quartzite units interlayered with subordinate lenses and wedges of other rock types. Facies gradients from S to N are expressed by: decreasing content of muscovite at all levels of metasediment organisation from thin wedge-shaped units to thick quartzite complexes, as well as a decrease in pebble content and increase in arenaceous matrix in some metaconglomerate beds, matching regional palaeotransport direction. Well-rounded pebbles of extrabasinal rocks are flat, suggesting redeposition from a beach environment. Lenticular conglomeratic bodies with erosional lower boundaries represent infills of local incisions in the sandy bottom sediments. The abundance of laterally discontinuous lithological units reflects shelf palaeotopography controlled and modified by deposition and migration of large bed forms, ranging from megaripple marks (or submarine dunes) to sand waves. Deposition was influenced by tides and two regressive events. The older regression resulted in a marker unit of tidal mudflat-related red-bed facies: mudstone, siltstone, channel-fill sandstone and sedimentary breccia. The second regression is indicated by a tabular conglomerate marker reflecting increased input of coarse terrigenous material.

7

The Baklia Fault Zone – a regional strike-slip zone splitting Prins Karls Foreland (Svalbard

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Ziemniak G. , Czerny J. , Manecki M. , Kośmińska K.

Geology, Geophysics and Environment

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2016

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tom Vol. 42, no. 1

142--143

EN

Prins Karls Foreland (PKF) is a westernmost island of Svalbard Archipelago belonging to the Southwestern Basement Province. The island consists of low-metamorphic facies probably Neoproterozoic metasediments, divided into two, northern and southern parts. Both parts are characterized by similar geological structures but different stratigraphy. New discoveries presented here result from joint, Norwegian Polar Institute and AGH UST Krakow expeditions in 2013 and 2014. Thorough characteristics of the location and character of a strike-slip fault splitting PKF (the Baklia Fault Zone) is presented here for the first time. To date, one succession has been distinguished in the lithostratigraphy of PKF’s basement. The northern part of the island consists of two groups: the Scotiafjellet Group and Grampianfjella Group (Dallmann et al. 2015). They comprise low-metamorphic metasediments (chlorite zone of greenschist facies), mostly slates, metapsamites and carbonates. Stratigraphic units of the southern part represent slightly higher, biotite metamorphic zone, and have been considered to be conformably underlying Scotiafjellet Group. The uppermost Peachflya Group and Geikiebreen Group (mostly phyllites with metavolcanics and carbonates) are in thrust contact with underlying Ferrierpiggen Group, comprising schistose diamictites. The Ferrierpiggen Group is a tectonic unit stratigraphically discontinuous at top and bottom. Isolated klippe of the Ferrierpiggen Group separated from Scotiafjellet Group by tectonic boundary is present in the northern part of PKF (Harland et al. 1979, 1993). These complexes have undergone the Caledonian metamorphism followed by D 1 deformation producing SE directed folding and thrusts. D 2 deformation was coaxial, but not coplanar with D 1. D 2 deformation occurred probably in Mid-Cenozoic and resulted in refolding and thrusting, followed by formation of a dextral shear zone along Scotiadalen (Morris 1989). D 3 deformation is connected with transtensional formation of the Forlandsundet Graben along NNW-SSE faults finishing the West Spitsbergen Orogeny (WSO) (Manby 1986). Distinct difference in the stratigraphy of southern and northern parts of PKF is apparent. The presence of the fault dividing the island was indicated before (Hjelle et al. 1979), but no single fault has been recognized during detailed mapping later on (Harland et al. 1979, Morris 1982, Manby 1986, Morris 1989). Mapping and structural measurements conducted by the authors in the area of Selvågen led to the discovery of the major fault zone (the Baklia Fault Zone – BFZ) dividing PKF into two terrains. The BKF have N-S trend from Haukebukta in the west coast, through the slopes of Alasdairhornet (where it trapped few hundred meters long slab of the Ferrierpiggen Group rocks), to the southern Scotiadalen. Approaching Selvågen, the fault zone bends slightly to the NNE-SSW. The zone is filled with breccias and mixture of different lithologies with slabs of rocks derived from both limbs of the fault zone. The width of the zone measures approximately 100–250 meters. To the east, it is accompanied by at least three narrow subparallel faults. The age of the BFZ is unknown. A brittle character of deformation may suggest that it is Cenozoic in age. En échelon normal faults with a drop to the north, which associate BFZ may be considered as a Riedel shears R 1 formed at the beginning of a strike-slip movement. Structural measurements on slickensides as kinematic indicators revealed that normal faulting was associated with both, dextral and sinistral shear (not simultaneous). A main movement connected with dextral shearing occurred probably earlier, during late stages of the early Cenozoic crustal shortening. The extended width of the fault zone and the presence of a mixture of rock material from both terranes suggest the significant lateral displacement that might reach tens of kilometers. The BFZ cuts through the boundary faults of the Forlandsundet Graben displacing them sinistrally by approximately one kilometer. This suggests that sinistral movement was probably associated with rejuvenation of the fault during late stages or after the Forlandsundet Graben formation. There are several regional implications of BFZ. The stratigraphic relationship of southern and northern terranes is unclear. The presence of BFZ at the boundary of the Scotiafjellet and Peachflya groups does not exclude their stratigraphic succession but makes it impossible to define. The field observations suggest that BFZ may be Cenozoic in age. It has similar tectonic style and orientation to other strike-slip zones present along western Svalbard coast. Strong tectonic deformation suggests displacement of the northern terrain of PKF by tens of kilometers. Even though southern terrain can be directly correlated with Oscar II Land, more research is needed to correlate more exotic northern terrain of PKF with the basement rocks in the southern parts of Spitsbergen. Ongoing research towards dating and detail structural characterization of this regional fault zone will allow for reconstruction of pre-Tertiary position of this part of Archipelago.

8

Ordovician–Silurian lithostratigraphy of the East European Craton in Poland

80%

Porębski S. , Podhalańska T.

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2019

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tom Vol. 89, No. 2

95--104

EN

This paper deals with the lithostratigraphic correlation of the Ordovician-Silurian succession between the Baltic, Podlasie and Lublin basins, located on the SW slope of the East European Craton. The correlation is based on previous lithostratigraphic classifications, which are modified here to include the results of recent biostratigraphic and sedimentological work performed on several new wells. The authors propose to extend the Sasino Formation for the entire upper Darriwilian-lower Katian mudstone sheet that is traceable in all basins. It is recommended that the Jantar Bituminous Claystone Member (late Hirnantian-Aeronian) of the Pasłęk Formation be elevated to the rank of formation and the name Pasłęk Mudstone Formation be retained for the late Aeronian-Telychian, rhythmic alternations of black, laminated mudstones and greenish, bioturbated mudstones. Moreover, the authors suggest that the top of the Kociewie Formation (Sheinwoodian-Ludfordian) be placed at the upper boundary of the Reda Member (latest Ludfordian), which shows much wider lateral persistence than previously was thought.

9

Kościeliska Marl Formation (Lower Cretaceous) in the Polish Western Tatra Mountainss: lithostratigraphy and microfossil zones

80%

Pszczółkowski A.

Studia Geologica Polonica

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2003

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tom Vol. 121

7-50

EN

The Kościeliska Marl Formation (Middle-Upper Berriasian to Lower Aptian) terminates the Lower Subtatric Succession in the Western Tatra Mountains. The Upper Berriasian to lowermost Hauterivian deposits of the lower part of this formation are subdivided into four members (Pod Furkaską Member, Kryta Member, Wściekły Żleb Member and Muráň Limestone Member), which are formally described. Two informal units are recognised in the Barremian-Lower Aptian deposits of the upper part of the formation: the nannoconid-foraminiferal limestone unit and glauconitic biocalcarenite bed. The Middle/Upper Berriasian to Upper Hauterivian deposits are subdivided into calpionellid zones and subzones. The upper part of the Kościeliska Marl Formation is biostratigraphically documented by planktonic foraminifers identified in thin sections. The following foraminiferal zones are recognised: Praehedbergella sigali, Blefuscuiana aptiana (new zone), Liliputianella similis, Blowiella blowi and Leupoldina cabri. In the type section, the total thickness of the Kościeliska Marl Formation is 272 m. In general, the deposits of this formation exposed in the Kościeliska Valley, although tectonically disturbed, appear to rest in normal position. The Kira Miętusia sub-unit of the Bobrowiec tectonic unit consists of two tectonic elements (slices): a larger one outcropped in the Wściekły Żleb-Zahradziska area and a smaller scale (composed of the Valanginian-Lower Aptian deposits), poorly exposed south of the Brama Kantaka gate. The studied sections are compared with the selected sections in Slovakia. Sedimentation of the Early Hauterivian Muráň Member (Western Tatra Mts) occurred approximately at the same time as the onset of the Muráň Formation deposition in the Eastern Tatra Mts. The Hauterivian Muráň Member of the Kościeliska Marl Formation and the Strážovce Turbidite Member of the Mráznica Formation (Strážovské Vrchy Mts) are not strictly coeval, the former unit being probably older than the latter one.

10

Mesozoic and Cenozoic stratigraphic units in parts of the South Shetland Islands and Northern Antarctic Peninsula (as used by the Polish Antarctic Programmes)

80%

Birkenmajer K.

Studia Geologica Polonica

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2001

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tom Vol. 118

5-188

EN

The paper is an annotated illustrated lexicon of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic stratigraphic units currently in use in the South Shetland Islands and the Northern Antarctic Peninsula (West Antarctica). Formal and informal lithostratigraphic, biostratigraphic and climatostratigraphic units of various ranks, and some morphologic-volcanic units/forms, are briefly characterized. Preference is given to the areas where detailed geological and palaeontological research was carried out by the Polish Antarctic Expeditions (1977-2001), and by the joint Argentinian-Polish (1987/8) and Brazilian-Polish (1994) programmes.

11

New data on the late Badenian–Sarmatian deposits of the Nowy Sacz Basin (Magura Nappe, Polish Outer Carpathians) and their palaeogeographical implications

80%

Oszczypko-Clowes M. , Oszczypko N. , Wójcik A.

Geological Quarterly

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2009

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tom Vol. 53, No 3

273-292

EN

In the Nowy Sacz Basin, newly exposed Middle Miocene deposits have been studied and sampled in the Kamienica Nawojowska, Poprad and Dunajec rivers. The calareous nannoplankton of the freshwater to marine deposits was examined. Palegrey and brown clayey shales with plant remains and thin seams of lignite represent the freshwater depos its of the Biegonice Formation. These deposits pass upwards into ca. 50 m thick packet of brackish and marine deposits, represented mainly by dark marly shales with bivalves and gastropods of the Iwkowa and Niskowa formations. These deposits contain relatively rich late Badenian to Sarmatian calcareous nannoplakton (NN6/7 Zone).

12

The Szopka Limestone Formation - a new lithostratigraphic name for Upper Liassic beds of the Pieniny and Branisko successions, Pieniny Klippen Belt (West Carpathians)

70%

Birkenmajer K.

Studia Geologica Polonica

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2008

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tom Vol. 131

229-235

EN

A new for mal lithos tra tigraphic name, the Szopka Lime stone For ma tion, is in tro duced for fos si lif er ous spotty lime stones (Fleck enkalk fa cies) of Up per Li as sic (Up per Pli ens ba chian = Domerian) age, de vel oped in pe lagic basi nal suc ces sions of the Pi en iny Klip pen Belt of Po land (West Car pa thi ans). The for ma tion oc curs pre domi nantly in the Pi en iny Suc ce sion, but has also been rec og nized in a south ern va ri ety of the Brani sko Suc ces sion.

13

Skawce Sandstone Member - a New Lithostratigraphic Unit of the Łabowa Shale Formation (Paleocene - Eocene: Magura Nappe, Siary Subunit) Polish Outer Carpathians

70%

Cieszkowski M. , Waśkowska-Oliwa A.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Earth Sciences

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2001

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tom Vol. 49, nr 2

137-149

EN

The present paper deals with the Upper Paleocene - Lower and Middle Eocene deposits in the Siary Subunit of the Magura Nappe in the area of Sucha Beskidzka, Polish Outer Carpathians. They are represented by variegated shales of the Łabowa Shale Formation intercalated with thick-bedded sandstones traditionally called the "Ciężkowice sandstones" - an informal lithostratigraphic unit typical for the Silesian Nappe. In the Magura Nappe, these thick-bedded sandstones are here formally distinguished as the Skawce Sandstone Member of the Łabowa Shale Formation.

14

The Magnethogda Sequence (Hecla Hoek Succession), NW Torell Land, Spitsbergen: a Revision of Lithostratigraphy and Age

70%

Birkenmajer K.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Earth Sciences

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2002

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tom Vol. 50, nr 2

175-191

EN

Martinfjella, a submeridional mountain chain which divides the glaciers Antoniabreen from Recherchebreen, NW Torell Land, Spitsbergen, was so-far believed to consist of Middle Proterozoic rocks attributed to the "Magnethogda sequence". In the present author's opinion, this sequence consists of rock-units comparable with the Lower Ordovician Sorkapp Land Group (Wiederfjellet and Luciapynten formations), the Cambrian Sofiekammen Group (Gnalberget Fm.), and the Upper Proterozoic Sofiebogen Group (Gashamna and Hoferpynten formations), as defined in the Hornsund area, south Spitsbergen. A stratabound iron-ore unit, here distinguished as the Jarnbekken Formation (new unit), divides the Wiederfjellet from the Luciapynten formations. A separate tectonic unit thrust over the above ones, consists of phyllites and quartzite's with pink migmatite (augen-gneiss, feldspathite) intercalations and bands. The present author considers this unit as a variety of the Gashamna Formation metasomatised by K-rich solutions, probably related to Caledonian magmatism. The Luciakammen Formation and the migmatite-bearing Gashamna Formation, continue eastwards across Antoniabreen to reappear in Aldegondaberget, Berzeliuseggene, Berzeliustinen and Hermelinberget. Within the "Recherchebreen sequence" of Chamberlindalen, three lithostratigraphic units of the Upper Proterozoic Sofiebogen Group have been distinguished: the Gashamna, the Hoferpynten and the Slyngfjellet formations.

15

Oligocene-Lower Miocene sequences of the Pieniny Klippen Belt and adjacent Magura Nappe between Jarabina and the Poprad River (East Slovakia and South Poland): their tectonic position and palaeogeographic implications

70%

Oszczypko N. , Oszczypko-Clowes M. , Golonka J. , Marko F.

Geological Quarterly

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2005

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tom Vol. 49, No. 4

379--402

EN

This paper provides the results of a new litho- and biostratigraphic study from the contact zone between the Magura Nappe and Pieniny Klippen Belt close to Polish-Slovakian border. In the southernmost part of the Krynica facies zone of the Magura Nappe two new lithostratigraphic units have been established: the Poprad Member and the Kremna Formation. The Late Eocene-Oligocene age of the Malcov Formation (NP 19-NP 24) of the Pieniny Klippen Belt has also been confirmed. A Late Oligocene age (Zone NP 25 and lower part of NN1) was determined in deposits belonging to the Poprad Member of theMagura Formation, while an EarlyMiocene age (upper part of NN1 and NN2 zones) was established for the Kremna Formation. The Late Cretaceous-MiddleMiocene geotectonic evolution of the orogenic suture zone, between the Inner and Outer Carpathians, is outlined.

16

Paleogene marginal marine sedimentation in central-western Poland

70%

Widera M. , Kita A.

Geological Quarterly

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2007

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tom Vol. 51, No 1

79-90

EN

The Paleogene deposits of central-western Poland area have been studied in more than 300 bore holes and several out crops with lithological, mineralogical and sedimentological methods. Grain-size analyses, heavy mineral analyses, XRD analyses and pebble analyses were mainly used to characterize these deposits. From the Late Eocene until the Late Oligocene central-western Poland area was a marginal part of the NW European Tertiary Basin. For this time interval five informal lithostratigraphical units have been determined: the Pomorze, Lower Mosina, Czempiń, Upper Mosina and Leszno "formations" and addi tionally the Kaolinite Sand Unit. Their correlation is based on lithological features obtained from archival descriptions of borehole profiles. Deposits from boreholes and newly discovered exposures are mainly marine while only the Czempiń "Formation", with lignite intercalations, represent a non-marine environment. These findings help reconstruct the structural and palaeogeographic evolution of the eastern, marginal fragment of the NW European Tertiary Basin. The succession shows evidence of at least four interregional transgressive-regressive cycles. More over, the pres ent-day extent of the Paleogene deposits has been determined much more precisely. The southern limit of marine sedimentation in Paleogene times should be pushed at least a few tens of kilometres south in the vicinity of Konin and Turek, central-western Poland.

17

Postglacial palaeoenvironmental changesin the area surrounding Lake Udriku in North Estonia

70%

Amon L. , Saarse L.

Geological Quarterly

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2010

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tom Vol. 54, No 1

85-94

EN

Multiproxy data (plant macrofossils, AMS 14C radiocarbon dates, grain-size distribution, loss-on-ignition and magnetic susceptibility) from Lake Udriku Suurjärv in North Estonia were used to interpret local environmental changes during the postglacial period between 13 800 and 11 000 cal yr BP. Sediment lithology is complex but can roughly be described as silt overlain by silty gyttja, gyttjaand peat. The macrofossil diagram shows the local vegetation development from Late Glacial pioneer communities to early Holocenecommunities. The vegetation succession started predominately with Salix polaris, which was later replaced by Dryas octopetala. Thediversity of plant macrofossils increased significantly during the warmer part of the Allerod. Both the diversity and the number ofplant macrofossils are low in the Younger Dryas, confirming the severe climatic conditions found during this interval. During the LateGlacial to Holocene transition, aquatic taxa prevail among plant macrofossils. The absence of tree remains among macrofossils of thisperiod suggests that trees were not locally present or were not growing near the studied lake. Proxy data indicate several environmental changes. The sediment composition and vegetation reflect cooler and warmer episodes and confirm that the study area has been freeof ice since 13 800 cal yr BP.

18

Age of glaciotectonic structures on the Wolin Island in the light of lithostratigraphic data and 14C dating

70%

Borówka K. , Goslar T. , Pazdur A.

Geochronometria

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2000

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tom Vol. 18

35-40

EN

On the basis of lithostratigraphic analysis of deposits forming the Wolin End Moraine as well as radiocarbon dating of the intercalations of organic matter found amongst such deposits, the age of glaciotectonic structures existing in the area of morainic hills was determined. It is claimed that both the glaciotectonic deformations and the end moraine itself were formed during regression of the last glaciation.

19

Rozwój zapadliska przedkarpackiego w miocenie

60%

Oszczypko N.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2001

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tom Vol. 49 nr 8

717-723

PL

Mioceńskie zapadlisko przedkarpackie powstało przed czołem nasuwających się Karpat zewnętrznych. Rozwój zapadliska uwarunkowała subsydencja spowodowana obciążeniem płaszczowinami karpackimi oraz ugięciem litosfery związanym z cofającą się subdukcją. W okresie wczesnego–środkowego miocenu obciążenie przemieszczającymi się ku północy płaszczowinami narastało, powodując stopniowy wzrost subsydencji w zapadlisku. Mioceńska konwergencja karpackiej pryzmy akrecyjnej spowodowała migracje osi basenu na północ. Powstający rów przedgórski był zasypywany osadami klastycznymi pochodzącymi zarówno z erozji orogenu karpackiego jak i z platformy przedpola. W przeciwieństwie do wczesnego miocenu, kiedy subsydencja w basenie była równoważona akumulacja, w środkowym miocenie zaznaczyła się zdecydowana przewaga subsydencji nad akumulacją, co przesądziło o morskim charakterze sedymentacji.

EN

The early to middle Miocene Carpathian Foredeep in Poland developed as a peripheral foreland basin related to the moving Carpathian front. An important driving force of tectonic subsidence in the Polish Carpathian Foredeep was an emplacement of nappe load related to a subduction roll-back. During that time a loading effect brought about by thickening of the Carpathian wedge on a foreland plate increased and was followed by a progressive acceleration of total subsidence. The Miocene convergence of the Carpathian wedge resulted in migration of depocenters and onlap of successively younger deposits onto the foreland plate. The foreland basin was supplied with elastics derived both from the Carpathian orogen and foreland platform. During early Miocene time the rates of subsidence and sedimentation were more or less balanced, whereas in the middle Miocene subsidence was higher, which resulted in marine depositional conditions.

20

Skład minerałów ciężkich w osadach podłoża czwartorzędu północno-zachodniej Polski

60%

Masłowska M. , Michałowska M.

Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

|

2004

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tom nr 407

89-111

PL

Praca przedstawia wyniki badań osadów podłoża czwartorzędu w rejonie Polski północno-zachodniej. W podłożu czwartorzędu badanego obszaru występują osady mezozoiczne (jury i kredy) oraz trzeciorzędowe (oligocenu i miocenu). Utwory te wykazują zróżnicowanie facjalne i litologiczne, co potwierdziły wyniki badań składu ziarnowego, zawartości CaCO3 oraz składu minerałów ciężkich. Badane osady podłoża przy różnym rodzaju uziarnienia zawierają bardzo mało lub nie zawierają CaCO3 oraz posiadają indywidualne zespoły minerałów ciężkich, charakterystyczne dla różnych jednostek stratygraficznych. Generalnie osady podłoża czwartorzędu badanego obszaru Polski północno-zachodniej wykazują odrębność mineralogiczną w stosunku do innych obszarów Polski północnej i środkowej, co również potwierdzają wyniki analizy statystycznej.

EN

The paper presents results of investigations of sediments underlying the Quaternary in northwestern Poland. Sediments of Jurassic, Cretaceous and Tertiary (Oligocene and Miocene) occur under the Quaternary of this area. Lithofacial differentiation of sediments was determined on the basis of grain size data, CaCO3 content and heavy minerals composition. Granulometrical composition of samples is heterogenous. Despite of that all sediments have very low contents of CaCO3 and heavy minerals composition - characteristic for different stratigraphical units. Generally, the heavy minerals associations of sediments underlying of the Quaternary in northwestern Poland are different in relation to other northern and middle regions of Poland. The difference of heavy minerals composition in sediments in various stratigraphic units is also noticed in results of statistic analysis of received data.