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EN
The objective of the study was to demonstrate the course of the vit. C synthesis process in broilers from their 1st to 56th days after hatching as compared to their organ growth and body mass. The vit. C level was established according to Roe-Kuether’s method in the liver, spleen, kidneys and heart of 56 broilers slaughtered in groups of six birds every week. It was proved that in the chicken broilers in their embryonal stage, the greatest amount of vit. C was synthesized by kidneys - 160.6 mg/kg of tissue, then liver - 143.0 mg/kg, slighty less by the spleen - 107.3 mg/kg and heart - 99.0 mg/kg of tissue. Over the first two months vit. C synthesis in the liver increases together with age (from 143.0 to 291.5 mg/kg tissue). The liver weight growth in the first period is similar and proportional to body weight growth, therefore it can be assumed that the liver is a substantial source of vit. C over the first two months after hatching. In the spleen, the vit. C synthesis expressed in mg/kg of tissue was the highest on the first day of life after which it decreased (from 107.3 mg/kg to 56.1 mg/kg) However, an intensive organ weight growth, as much as 56.4 times, caused a considerable increase of the vitamin synthesis by the whole organ (from 0.0108 to 0.316 mg/whole organ). In the first 56 days of the life the heart synthesizes an almost identical amount of vit. C (about 99.0 to 110.0 mg/kg), in terms of mg/kg of tissue. The body weight growth was higher than that of the heart weight (30.5 times and 61.8 times). It should be stated that the heart in this period of time provides a decreasing amount of vit. C. An intensive vit. C synthesis appears in the kidney - from 160.6 mg/kg to 215.6 mg/kg. As kidney weight growth was nearly the same as body weight, it should be confirmed that the kidneys are a major source of vit. C for a young body. Vit. C. synthesis in broilers throughout their first two months increases together with age, yet in some unfavourable environment conditions it may be insufficient. That is way it would be advisable to administer vit. C as a preventive over this period of time.
EN
Enrofloxacin and florfenicol are broad-spectrum, synthetic antibacterials widely used in poultry production. In the present study, the effects of enrofoxacin and florfenicol on biochemical parameters in newly hatched chicks were investigated following repeated oral administration for 5 consecutive days. Enrofoxacin or florfenicol was administered once a day, orally at a dose rate of 10 mg or 30 mg/kg b. wt., respectively. The effect of the antibiotics on selected blood parameters (AST, albumins, total proteins, total bilirubin, bile acids, uric acid) revealed insignificant changes after the discontinuation of the drug regimen. This study shows that repeated administration of enrofloxacin or florfenicol during 5 days does not induce any adverse effects when used in a therapeutic regimen.
EN
The studies were carried out on 35 000 broiler chickens kept in two broiler-houses of Bios type and 11 000 replacement chicks (in two hen houses, 5 500 in each one). Two coccidiostatics were administered, i. e. Cygro (5 ppm) and Diclazuril (1 ppm) as feed additives in broiler chickens. Replacement chickens were being given the coccidiostatics for 16 weeks of their life. In one poultryhouse Diclazuril and in another one Lerbek were used. The efficacy of the coccidiostatics was assessed on the basis of the following factors: an average body weight (broilers — 4 and 8 weeks, replacement chickens — 8 and 16 weeks), feed consumption, mortality, anatomo-pathological examination after Johnson and Reid and parasitological examination. No differences between the broiler chickens treated with Diclazuril and chickens treated with Cygro were found. In the replacement chickens better findings were observed in the group treated with Diclazuril (lower feed consumption, mortality and oocysts output) in comparison to the Lerbek group of chicks. The results of the studies showed that Diclazuril had not side effects, prevented poultry from coccidiosis and did not suppress the development of natural immunity of poultry against the disease.
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