Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Sex Differences in Tibiocalcaneal Kinematics

100%

Sinclair J. , Taylor P. J.

Human Movement

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2014

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tom 15

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nr 2

105-109

EN

Purpose. Female runners typically suffer more from chronic running injuries than age-matched males, although the exact biome-chanical mechanisms behind the increased susceptibility of female runners are unknown. This study aimed to compare sex differences in tibiocalcaneal kinematics during the stance phase of running. Methods. Twenty male and twenty female participants ran at 4.0 m · s–1. Tibiocalcaneal kinematics were measured using an eight-camera motion analysis system and compared using independent samples t tests. Results. Peak eversion and tibial internal rotation angles were shown to be significantly greater in female runners. Conclusions. based on these observations, it was determined that female runners may be at increased risk from chronic injury development in relation to excessive tibiocalcaneal motions in the coronal and transverse planes.

2

Do Ergogenic Aids Alter Lower Extremity Joint Alignment During a Functional Movement Lunge Prior to and Following an Exercise Bout?

100%

Mills C. , Knight J. , Milligan G.

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nr 1

9-17

EN

Ergogenic aids have been used to alter joint kinematics in an attempt to minimise injury risk, yet the effectiveness of these aids may be compromised following a bout of exercise. This preliminary study aimed to measure the effect of compression garments and Kinesio Tape® on lower extremity joint alignment prior to and following an exercise bout. Eight male athletes (age = 24.1 ± 3.0 years, body height = 177.4 ± 5.2 cm, body mass = 72.3 ± 7.2 kg) volunteered to participant in this study. Joint kinematics were recorded whilst all participants performed three rotational lunges, in three conditions (control, compression garment, Kinesio Tape®), prior to and following a 10 minute exercise bout. Frontal plane kinematics (lateral pelvic tilt, knee valgus, ankle inversion/eversion) were used to assess ergogenic aid effectiveness during the lunge. Participants exhibited no significant differences in joint kinematics between ergogenic aid conditions prior to the exercise bout. Following exercise the only significant difference occurred within the Kinesio Tape® condition where maximum knee valgus angle significantly increased from 6.5° prior to exercise, to 7.7° following the exercise bout. The results of this study suggest joint kinematics are not affected by the ergogenic aids in this study prior to an exercise bout. However, there is evidence to suggest that the application of Kinesio Tape® may allow an increase in knee valgus angle following a bout of exercise, yet, compression garments are effective at maintaining joint alignment following a bout of exercise.

3

Injuries and Contusions in Recreational and Sports Horse Riding

100%

Majchrowicz R. , Karaś K. , Matłosz P. , Herbert J.

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tom 33

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nr 1

73-80

EN

Horse riding is a satisfying and exciting sport and recreation activity. However, it is not without risk. A large percentage of riders experience accidents of varying degrees of severity during their professional and recreational careers. Any injury, even one that appears to be harmless, may turn out to be serious and exclude a competitor from sport for a long period of time. The purpose of the following research was to analyse the presence and incidence of contusions and injuries among novice and professional riders. The material for this study was collected using a research questionnaire conducted on a group of 1973 people. Participants were chosen at random and belonged to an equestrian community from different age groups. The research was carried out all over Poland. Equestrianism is definitely an injurious physical activity, which is confirmed by the answer of 75% of respondents who consider this sport to have been harmful and have suffered an injury related to horse riding. Most respondents suffered hand contusions (45.5%), concussion (25.4%) and hand fractures (16.4%). The strength of the study was the number of respondents (1973) and feedback on, among others, various types of injuries. These injuries can be easily avoided due to increased knowledge, practice, and education.

4

Influencing Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Road Accidents: A Study on Nuwara – Eliya District

100%

M. Kaleel M. I. M. , Sathyaruban M.

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2017

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tom 10

1-9

EN

In the global context, about 1.25 million people die each year as a result of road traffic crashes. Moreover, road traffic injuries are the leading cause of death among young people, aged 15–29 years. Furthermore, 90% of the world's road fatalities occur in low- and middle-income countries (WHO, 2017). In Sri Lanka, the accident rate is increasing rapidly. According to the transport and civil aviation report, 2801 deaths, 2590 fatal accidents, 13,095 minor accidents, and 7719 critical accidents occurred in Sri Lanka in 2015. The trend of the accidents has been increasing due to many factors. Physical features of the roads and roadsides, behaviour of drivers and pedestrians are the main influence on the occurrence of accidents. Central province has many accidents-prone areas due to its spatial and temporal patterns. Landform and climatic factors such as fog, snow and rainfall trigger accident potentials. Therefore, this study, “Spatial and temporal patterns of road accidents and their challenges: a study on Nuwara-Eliya District” investigates reasons for the enhanced rate of traffic mishaps. This is the first such study of this phenomenon. Herein, we used primary and secondary data. The results indicate that physical features are mainly to blame.

5

Phlegmon of the Foot As A Camel Bite Complication

100%

Skonieczny B. , Skonieczny W.

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nr 10

486-489

EN

The great popularity of foreign excursions and travel in exotic directions, as well as increasing popularity of breeding exotic animals at home, is evidence that in daily practice one may observe injuries inflicted by animals atypically occurring in Poland. The study presented and described a rare case of a patient attacked by a camel living in an agro-tourism farm in our country. Thanks to the combination of surgical and conservative treatment complete wound healing was observed, including the skin grafts, with preserved motor function of the foot.

6

How genetic predispositions may have impact on injury and success in sport

88%

Justyna Czarnik-Kwaśniak J. , Konrad Kwaśniak K. , Jacek Tabarkiewicz J.

European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

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2018

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nr 4

366-375

EN

Introduction. Studies investigating the determinants of physical endurance were initiated nearly 30 years ago. The research was inspired by the curiosity to find out about the nature of talent for sport and why some athletes are better than others, despite the same or even greater effort in training routine, diet and the supplementation. An attempt was therefore made to determine the genotype of a perfect athlete, but conducted research showed that it is a very difficult task. Although 140 genes were proposed to affect of ideal sportsman fitness, scientists are still far from formulating answers about the nature of physical abilities and genotype. Aim. Our main goal was to review the literature about the selected genes and polymorphisms which are most often investigated in the context in relation to injury in sports. Materials and methods. Analysis of literature from US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, PubMED, Google Scholar. Results. We review the selected genes and polymorphisms which are most often investigated in the context in relation to injury in sports, we also present the function of genetic variants prevalent in athletes which are able to achieve better physiological adaptation during the training. Conclusions. There are probably more than 140 genes involved in physical performance. Changes in even one nucleotide within the gene (SNP) can improve the body’s adaptation to better physical performance and the frequency of injury to athletes.

7

Exploratory Investigation of Impact Loads During the Forward Handspring Vault

88%

Penitente G. , Sands W. A.

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tom 46

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nr 1

59-68

EN

The purpose of this study was to examine kinematic and kinetic differences in low and high intensity hand support impact loads during a forward handspring vault. A high-speed video camera (500 Hz) and two portable force platforms (500 Hz) were installed on the surface of the vault table. Two-dimensional analyses were conducted on 24 forward handspring vaults performed by 12 senior level, junior Olympic program female gymnasts (16.9 ±1.4 yr; body height 1.60 ±0.1 m; body mass 56.7 ±7.8 kg). Load intensities at impact with the vault table were classified as low (peak force < 0.8 × body weight) and high (peak force > 0.8 × body weight). These vaults were compared via crucial kinetic and kinematic variables using independent t-tests and Pearson correlations. Statistically significant (p < 0.001) differences were observed in peak force (t(24) = 4.75, ES = 3.37) and time to peak force (t(24) = 2.07, ES = 1.56). Statistically significant relationships between the loading rate and time to peak force were observed for high intensity loads. Peak force, time to peak force, and a shoulder angle at impact were identified as primary variables potentially involved in the determination of large repetitive loading rates on the forward handspring vault.

8

Health Habits and Their Formation Among Today’S Young People of School Age in Poland

75%

Michalska A.

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nr 3

64-69

EN

This paper presents the impact of health education on life expectancy and adaption to modern conditions. The acquisition of healthy attitude in the first and second decade of life influences the development of trade, economic status and helps efficiently cope with stress. The article highlights the impact of “health literacy”, the school environment and family upbringing and subsequent persistence in health. Organization of education should be started from childhood. Unfortunately many teachers and parents cannot supply information about sanitary education, correct sanitation, healthy nutrition and physical activity. Disciples who lack support and knowledge can be exposed under pressure of contemporary risky operations. Pediatric population makes up to 30 % of the whole population. In the first and second decade of life the baby is shaped and strengthens previously instilled habits. Stage of puberty is the most favorable moment for proper physical development of young people. During this period perpetuate conscious health behaviors, but at the same time there are health risk behaviors. These behaviors affect the quality and duration in health. Measures of health policy on school-age children should be focused primarily on prevention and health promotion.

9

Injuries sustained by victims of road accidents with the participation of farm tractors in mountainous regions

75%

Krasowska A. , Jordan G. , Jordan W. , Mruk A.

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nr 1

10

Comparison of Ankle Taping and Bracing on Ankle Biomechanics during Landing in Functional Ankle Instability

75%

McKelle Ulm H. , Windsor B. , Dedrick G. , Powell D. W.

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tom 11

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nr 3

5-14

EN

Lateral ankle sprains are one of the most common injuries in athletics. Injury to lateral ankle ligaments can result in persistent instability of the ankle joint, known as functional ankle instability (FAI). Two methods of treating FAI are ankle taping and ankle bracing. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of ankle taping and ankle bracing on ankle joint kinematics and kinetics during a landing task. Methods: Seven individuals with FAI and seven healthy controls performed three landing trials in each of three conditions: control, taped and braced. Ground reaction forces and three-dimensional kinematics were collected simultaneously while participants performed single-leg step-off landing trials from a box with a height of 0.6m. Peak ankle joint angles and moments were calculated using customized software. Results: Individuals with FAI produced significantly smaller inversion moments compared to healthy controls (p = 0.006). Ankle stabilization did not significantly alter ankle joint angles, ranges of motion or moments. Discussion: The present findings suggest that individuals with FAI exhibit unique ankle biomechanics independent of ankle stabilization modality. Future research may seek to investigate the multi-joint biomechanical adaptations associated with ankle stabilization in individuals with FAI compared to healthy controls.

11

Application of closed kinematic chain exercises with eccentric and strength exercises for the shoulder injuries prevention in student rock climbers: a randomized controlled trial

75%

Kozin S. , Cretu M. , Kozina Z. , Chernozub A. , Ryepko O. , Shepelenko T. , Sobko I. , Oleksiuk M.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2021

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tom Vol. 23, no. 2

159--168

EN

Purpose: The aim of this work to determine the influence of a program containing exercises in a closed kinematic chain, eccentric and strength exercises on injuries of students – rock climbers. Methods: Participants in this study were 84 male amateur climbing students, aged 18–19, 40 athletes were in the intervention group and 44 in the control group. In the intervention group, the program for the injuries prevention has been stalled. The program included exercises that are performed in a closed kinematic chain in combination with exercises that are performed in eccentric mode and strength exercises. We determined the Incidence rate ratio and confidence intervals. The Incidence rate ratio was determined by the by Fisher exact test. Results: The significant influence of the developed program on the reduction of injuries among the athletes of the intervention group was revealed. Injury rate per 1000 AEs recorded of all shoulder injuries in the control group was 3.182, in the intervention group was 0.5, P < 0.001. The incidence rate ratio for mild shoulder injuries was 0.861 (0.737; 1.007). The incidence rate ratio for moderate shoulder injuries was 0.862 (0.751; 0.990; P = 0.039). The incidence rate ratio for severe shoulder injuries was 0.864 (0.768; 0.971; P = 0.017). Conclusions: The use of exercises in a closed kinematic chain and exercises in an eccentric mode reduces the Incidence rate ratio of shoulders among students – amateur climbers. The incidence rate ratio decreases in the intervention group for mild, moderate, and severe shoulder injuries.

12

Lost-time illness, injury and disability and its relationship with obesity in the workplace: A comprehensive literature review

75%

Nowrouzi B. , Gohar B. , Nowrouzi-Kia B. , Mintsopoulos V. , McDougall A. , Jordan G. , Casole J. , Lariviere M. , Tremblay A.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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2016

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tom 29

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nr 5

749-766

EN

The objective of this study was to conduct a literature review examining predictors of lost-time injury, illness and disability (IID) in the workplace, with a focus on obesity as a predictor, and to evaluate the relationship between obesity and losttime IID. The study objective was also to analyze workplace disability prevention and interventions aimed at encouraging a healthy lifestyle among employees and reducing obesity and IID, as well as to identify research gaps. The search was conducted in several major online databases. Articles included in the review were published in English in peer-reviewed journals between January 2003 and December 2014, and were found to be of good quality and of relevance to the topic. Each article was critically reviewed for inclusion in this study. Studies that focused on lost-time IID in the workplace were reviewed and summarized. Workers in overweight and obese categories are shown to be at a higher risk of workplace IID, are more likely to suffer from lost-time IID, and experience a slower recovery compared to workers with a healthy body mass index (BMI) score. Lost-time IID is costly to an employer and an employee; therefore, weight reduction may financially benefit both – workers and companies. It was found that some companies have focused on developing interventions that aid reduction of weight and the practice of active lifestyle among their employees. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2016;29(5):749–766

13

Odpowiedzialność za szkody wywołane przez drzewa lub krzewy

75%

Gruszecki K.

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tom Nr 4

48--49

PL

Drzewa oraz krzewy są obiektami bardzo cennymi z przyrodniczego punktu widzenia. Odgrywają one również ważną rolę w zapewnianiu odpowiedniego komfortu życia członkom każdej społeczności.

14

Agricultural health in the Gambia II: a systematic survey of safety and injuries in production agriculture

75%

Kuye R. , Donham K. , Marquez S. , Sanderson W. , Fuortes L. , Rautiainen R. , Jones M. , Culp K.

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tom 13

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nr 1

EN

This study was undertaken to provide baseline information on the injuries and health and safety conditions in Gambian agriculture. The objective was to produce information to guide the formulation of an agricultural health and safety policy for the country, future investigations, prevention and surveillance of the adverse health effects in agriculture. A cross-sectional survey of 20 farmers, 20 nurses, and 20 agricultural extension workers was conducted in the Central and Upper River Divisions of The Gambia. The survey was implemented by the means of questionnaires, walk-through survey and hazard checklist. Seventy percent of farms reported an injury during the past year. Major sources and contributing factors for the injuries were characterized. Predisposing factors to the injuries were climatic conditions, working in static positions, bending and twisting and carrying heavy objects. Cuts and lacerations were identified as the commonest injury types and the most common sources were hand tools (hand hoe, cutlass, axe and knife) and animal-powered carts. A workshop for the major stake holders in the country’s agriculture was also held to identify problems and possible solutions for health promotion of Gambian farmers.

15

Studies on the factor responsible for reddish coloration of machanically injured tissue and tissue infected by fungus, Stagonospora curtisii [Berk.] Sacc. in Hippeastrum x hybr. hort.

75%

Saniewska A. , Saniewski M.

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nr 1

16

Work-related upper extremity disorders in female professional milkers

75%

Stal M. , Moritz U. , Gustafsson B. , Johansson B.

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nr 2

17

Próba oceny urazu głowy w ochronie balistycznej miękkiej

63%

Jamroziak K.

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tom T. 11, nr 42

179-190

PL

W artykule poprzez analizę literatury omówiono główne problemy związane z kryterium urazu głowy. Przeprowadzono testy balistyczne ostrzelania hełmu kompozytowego, rejestrując wybrane wartości. Dokonując oceny wyników eksperymentalnych i danych zawartych w normach oraz literatury, sformułowano wnioski i kierunki dalszych prac.

EN

The paper presents main issues regarding a head injury criterion, based on an analysis of available publications. After conducting ballistic tests, i.e. firing at composite helmet, the specific data was registered. An examination of test results, as well as data from both regulations and literature, resulted in a formulation of conclusions and marked out further research.

18

Dexpanthenol in the treatment of corneal disorders and injuries

63%

Szumny D. , Misiuk-Hojło M.

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nr 3

195-199

PL

Dekspantenol – prekursor witaminy B5 – jest związkiem pochodzenia naturalnego, który ma znany od dawna dobroczynny wpływ na nawilżenie skóry i błon śluzowych oraz na gojenie się nabłonków. W leczeniu wykorzystuje się również jego aktywność przeciwzapalną. Wpływ dekspantenolu na tkanki powierzchowne był obserwowany w licznych badaniach in vitro i in vivo, jednak dokładny mechanizm działania nie został do tej pory poznany. W okulistyce dekspantenol jest znanym i szeroko stosowanym lekiem u pacjentów z ostrymi i przewlekłymi chorobami powierzchni oka oraz następstwami urazów rogówki.

EN

Dexpanthenol - a precursor to vitamin B5 - is a compound of natural origin that has a long-known beneficial effect on skin and mucous membrane hydration and epithelial healing. Its anti-inflammatory activity is also used in treatment. Its effects on superficial tissues have been observed in numerous in vitro and in vivo studies, but the exact mechanism of action has not yet been understood. In ophthalmology, dexpanthenol is a well-known and widely used drug in patients with acute and chronic diseases of the ocular surface, as well as for treating the sequelae of corneal injuries.

19

A dental stool with chest support reduces lower back muscle activation

63%

Tran V. , Turner R. , MacFadden A. , Cornish S. M. , Esliger D. , Komiyama K. , Chilibeck P. D.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2016

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tom Vol. 22, No. 3

301--304

EN

Activation of back musculature during work tasks leads to fatigue and potential injury. This is especially prevalent in dentists who perform much of their work from a seated position. We examined the use of an ergonomic dental stool with mid-sternum chest support for reducing lower back muscle activation. Electromyography of lower back extensors was assessed from 30 dental students for 20 s during three conditions in random order: (a) sitting upright at 90° of hip flexion on a standard stool, (b) leaning forward at 80° of hip flexion on a standard stool, and (c) leaning forward at 80° of hip flexion while sitting on an ergonomic stool. Muscular activity of the back extensors was reduced when using the ergonomic stool compared to the standard stool, by 33–50% (p < 0.01). This suggests a potential musculoskeletal benefit with use of a dental stool with mid-sternum chest support.

20

Current reports on foot and ankle injuries of American football players

63%

Wodka-Natkaniec E. , Niedźwiedzki Ł. , Pawłowska J. , Zyznawska J. , Świtoń A.

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2021

|

tom 37(4)

207-216

PL

Wstęp. Celem badania było zebranie aktualnych kierunków badań w futbolu amerykańskim dotyczących stawów skokowych i stopy. Celem szczegółowym było określenie w jaki sposób futbol amerykańskiego wpływa na stawy skokowe i stopę, tj. częstość, przyczyny i rodzaje urazów oraz powiązań z obuwiem na niewydolność tych struktur. Materiał i metody. Do tego badania włączono 26 publikacji, głównie z bazy PubMed i powiązanych, spełniających kryteria wyszukiwania. Wyniki. W wyniku przeglądu publikacji wykazano częstość występowania urazów stawów skokowych i stopy na tle kończyn dolnych oraz ich rodzaje i warunki predysponujące do urazów. Analizowane prace skupiają się przede wszystkim na bazach nadzoru/ przeciwdziałaniu urazu oraz badaniach wpływu obuwia na stopę i staw skokowy. Pojawiają się prace wykazujące związek urazów stawów skokowych i stopy z równowagą. Dodatkowo niektóre prace dotyczą przebytych operacji, czasu wyłączenia z gry, stosowania usztywnień w celu zabezpieczenia zawodników przed przeciążeniami i uszkodzeniami wymienionych struktur. Wnioski. Badania zwracają uwagę na problem urazowości stóp i stawów skokowych oraz wykazują, iż nadal powinny być ulepszane programy profilaktyczne, treningowe i fizjoterapeutyczne w związku z dużą ich urazowością. Istnieje potrzeba większej ilości badań klinicznych, aby znaleźć szczegółowe przyczyny urazów i skutecznie im zapobiegać.

EN

Background. The purpose of this study was to collect current research lines in American football regarding the ankles and the foot. The specific goal was to determine how American football affects the ankle joints and the foot, i.e. the frequency, causes and types of injuries as well as various links between the footwear and failure of these structures. Material and methods. The study included 26 publications, drawn mainly from PubMed and related databases, meeting the search criteria. Results. As a result of the review of the publications, the frequency and types of ankle and foot injuries with regard to lower limbs were discussed along with the conditions predisposing for such injuries. Current works focus primarily on injury surveillance databases and on the research on the impact of footwear on the foot and ankle joint. There are works showing the relationship between ankle and foot injuries on the one hand, and the balance on the other. Additionally, some of the articles deal with the past treatments, the time of exclusion from the game and the use of stiffeners to protect the players against overloads and damage to the above-mentioned structures. Conclusions. Our research draws attention to the problem of foot and ankle injuries and shows that preventive, training and physiotherapeutic programs should still be improved due to their high level of trauma. More clinical study is needed to find the specific causes of injuries and prevent them effectively.