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EN
In the early July, a hurricane swept through the north-east Poland inflicting damage to Kurpiowska Forest, Piska Forest and Borecka Forest and some areas of the Romnicka and Augustowska Forests at a scale unprecedented in the history of Polish forestry. The damage occurred on the total area of 33 000 hectares and 17 000 hectares were totally devastated. About 3 million cubic meters of timber has to be managed, and some 1,5 mln m² needs to be disposed of and managed to avoid decay and proliferation of insect able to decimate woodlands. Nature reserves will be created on some of the devastated areas and woodland will be allowed to recover without management. This will allow to study a range of issues related to forest management.
PL
Na początku lipca br. przez lasy północno-wschodniej Polski przeszedł huragan. Wyrządził szkody na skalę niespotykaną w historii polskiego leśnictwa. Spustoszony został drzewostan puszcz Kurpiowskiej. Piskiej, Boreckiej, a miejscami także Rominckiej i Augustowskiej. Szkody wystąpiły na łącznej powierzchni 33 tys. ha. Na 17 tys. ha las został zniszczony zupełnie. Trzeba zagospodarować ok. 3 mln m² masy drewna, a ok. 1,5 mln m² usunąć i zagospodarować, aby zapobiec niszczeniu surowca i gradacji szkodliwych dla lasu owadów. Na części uszkodzonych powierzchni powstaną lasy tzw. rezerwatowe, gdzie las będzie się odnawiał bez ingerencji człowieka. Realizacja tej koncepcji umożliwi zbadanie wielu problemów gospodarki leśnej.
EN
On the basis of the wind damage risk model for forests using the data of the State Forests Information System, the stand damage risk factor Wr for each of the 430 forest districts in Poland and the threat measure Ms for a given forest district were determined. The measure of threat to forest Ms for a forest district is a methodical basis for assessing the potential damage to forests in Poland. Its value ranges from 8.1% for the Brzózka Forest District to 48.9% for the Ujsoły Forest District (fig. 1), giving the average value of 24.6% and standard deviation of 7.03%. The measure Ms was the basis for differentiating the levels of threat of wind damage to forest for forest districts. Level 1 (Ms 10%) indicates low threat, level 2 (10%Ms 20%) – elevated threat, level 3 (20%Ms 30%) – moderate threat, level 4 (30%Ms 40%) – high threat, level 5 (Ms 40%) – very high threat. Low threat to forests was found only in two forest districts located in the western part of the country. 113 forest districts, which form large concentrations particularly in western and central Poland, are exposed to an elevated threat. Most forest districts (233) are classified to a group of moderate threat. They are located across the country and are mostly concentrated in the northern and southern regions of Poland. 71 forest districts exposed to high threat are concentrated in the south of Poland in the Carpathians and the Sudetes, with scattered presence in the north of the country. Most of the 11 forest districts with a very high threat to forests are located in the mountains (tab., fig. 1). For the forest districts with a particularly high and very high threat, new silvicultural procedures and the basis for decision making in the field of forest management should be developed to reduce the risk of damage to forest.
EN
Meteorological data collected by the author at Arctowski station from March to December 2008 revealed 72 days with hurricane winds in the Admiralty Bay. The results were compared with synoptic maps, wind data from Ferraz station and older data from Arctowski station. Winds in September 2008 reached the highest velocities (mean 32.0 m·s–1, gusts 80 m·s–1) ever measured in Admiralty Bay. 49% events of hurricane winds occurred while cold fronts were passing. Topography of King George Island affects winds distribution inside the bay. Hurricane winds accelerate ablation of glaciers on King George Island and cause serious problems for fi eldwork and maintaining of research stations in Antarctica.
Sylwan
|
1995
|
tom 139
|
nr 07
51-60
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