Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Przekwalifikowanie drzew owocowych w terenach zieleni. Cz. 2

100%

Siewniak M.

Zieleń Miejska

|

2010

|

tom Nr 6

48-49

PL

Rozpatrywanie wniosków o usunięcie drzew owocowych wiąże się z określeniem przeznaczenia i sposobu zagospodarowania terenu, na którym one rosną. Problem przekwalifikowania drzew owocowych na ozdobne powstaje również w przypadku zmiany charakteru prawnego gruntu.

2

Aktywność enzymatyczna gleby płowej w zależności od uprawy różnych gatunków drzew owocowych

88%

Bielinska E. J.

Acta Agrophysica

|

2001

|

tom 56

3

Efficacy of fungicides and essential oils against bacterial diseases of fruit trees

88%

Mikicinski A. , Sobiczewski P. , Berczynski S.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

|

2012

|

tom 52

|

nr 4

EN

In the framework of the performed studies, the antibacterial activity of the following fungicides was evaluated: Miedzian 50 WG (active substance - a.s. 50% copper oxychloride), Ridomil MZ Gold 68 WG (a.s. 3.8% metalaxyl-M and 64%, mancozeb), Euparen Multi 50 WG (a.s. 50% tolylfluanid), Captan 80 WG [a.s. 80% N-(captan)], Dithane Neotec 75 WG (a.s. 75% mancozeb). The evaluation also concerned the essential oils: lavender, sage, lemon balm, clove, and a preparation based on thyme oil (BioZell). Each preparation and compound was tested against the following bacterial pathogens: Erwinia amylovora, Xanthomonas arboricola pv. corylina, X. arboricola pv. juglandis, Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, Agrobacterium tumefaciens (presently Rhizobium radiobacter). Each preparation and compound was tested at a concentration of 1,000 ppm of active substance. Copper oxychloride was also tested at a concentration of 1,500 ppm. Among the tested fungicides, metalaxyl-M with mancozeb, mancozeb alone, and copper oxychloride inhibited all of the tested strains of pathogenic bacteria. Tolylfluanid did not inhibit any of the bacteria used. Out of the investigated essential oils, the strongest inhibitors of bacteria were: sage, cloves, and BioZell. The protective activity of the above mentioned fungicides was also evaluated in vivo. They were assessed against fire blight on apple blossoms and pear fruitlets, against bacterial canker on sweet cherry fruitlets, and against crown gall on sunflower seedlings (the test plant). All fungicides were applied at the same concentrations as those in the in vitro tests. Only copper oxychloride was found to show protective activity against the studied diseases. This result indicates that the antibacterial properties of the other fungicides did not correspond with their activity on the plant organs used in the in vivo experiment.

4

Biotechnology of temperate fruit trees and grapevines

88%

Laimer M. , Mendonca D. , Maghuly F. , Marzban G. , Leopold S. , Khan M. , Balla I. , Katinger H.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

|

2005

|

tom 52

|

nr 3

EN

Challenges concerning fruit trees and grapevines as long lived woody perennial crops require adapted biotechnological approaches, if solutions are to be found within a reasonable time frame. These challenges are represented by the need for correct identification of genetic resources, with the foreseen use either in conservation or in breeding programmes. Molecular markers provide most accurate information and will be the major solution for questions about plant breeders rights. Providing healthy planting material and rapid detection of newly introduced pathogens by reliable methods involving serological and molecular biological tools will be a future challenge of increases importance, given the fact that plant material travels freely in the entire European Union. But also new breeding goals and transgenic solutions are part of the biotechnological benefits, e.g. resistance against biotic and abiotic stress factors, modified growth habits, modified nutritional properties and altered processing and storage qualities. The successful characterization of transgenic grapevines and stone fruit trees carrying genes of viral origin in different vectors constructed under ecological consideration, will be presented. Beyond technical feasibility, efficiency of resistance, environmental safety and Intellectual Property Rights, also public acceptance needs consideration and has been addressed in a specific project. The molecular determination of internal quality parameters of food can also be addressed by the use of biotechnological tools. Patient independent detection tools for apple allergens have been developed and should allow to compare fruits from different production systems, sites, and genotypes for their content of health threatening compounds.

5

Natural drying of fruit trees wood

75%

Lisowski A. , Grela M. , Sypula M. , Swietochowski A. , Dabrowska-Salwin M.

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Agriculture

|

2015

|

nr 65 Agric.Forest Eng.

EN

The aim of this study was to evaluate the fit of mathematical models for drying wet wood chunks with a length of 60 ±1 mm and a diameter of 10 ±2 mm and dry wood chips size of 40 ±10 mm obtained from the branches of fruit trees stored for a 6--months period under natural conditions. Biomass moisture was measured on a monthly basis. For moisture ratio the parameters of nine mathematical models and their statistical evaluation were developed. It was found that wet wood chunks had a large shrinkage (15%) which was probably due to the high content of soft wood tissue in the branches. During the storage of wet wood chunks the moisture decreased significantly, from 47.57 to 10.84%, and the dry chips only slightly (from 11.85 to 8.04%), and in both cases at the end of drying the biomass reached an equilibrium moisture. The best model reflecting changes moisture ratio of wet wood chunks is the Page's model, but the Wang's, Singh's and logarithmic models, may also be used for drying a moist biomass under natural conditions. Drying of dry wood chips is best represented by the logarithmic model, but for this kind of material a Page's, Wang's and Singh's, two term and Midilli's et al. models can be used. Modeling in natural conditions requires consideration of ambient conditions, especially air temperature and relative humidity.

PL

Celem pracy była ocena dopasowania matematycznych modeli suszenia dla wilgotnych kawałków drewna o długości 60 ±1 mm i średnicy 10 ±2 mm oraz podsuszonych zręb-ków o wymiarze 40 ±10 mm uzyskanych z gałęzi drzew owocowych przechowywanych przez okres 6 miesięcy w warunkach naturalnych. Wilgotność biomasy zmierzono w okresach miesięcznych. Dla zredukowanej zawartości opracowano parametry dziewięciu modeli matematycznych oraz ich oceny statystyczne. Stwierdzono, że wilgotne kawałki drewna miały duży skurcz suszarniczy (15%), który prawdopodobnie wynikał z dużej zawartości tkanki miękkiej w gałęziach. W okresie przechowywania wilgotność wilgotnych kawałków drewna zmniejszyła się istotnie, z 47,57 do 10,84% a suchych zrębków tylko nieznacznie (z 11,85 do 8,04%) i w obu przypadkach pod koniec suszenia biomasa osiągnęła wilgotność równowagową. Najlepszym modelem odzwierciedlającym zmiany zredukowanej zawartości wody w wilgotnych kawałkach drewna okazał się model Page'a, ale modele Wanga i Singha oraz logarytmiczny mogą być również wykorzystane do suszenia biomasy wilgotnej w warunkach naturalnych. Suszenie podsuszonych zrębków jest najlepiej reprezentowane przez model logarytmiczny, ale do tego rodzaju materiału mogą być użyte modele Page'a, Wanga i Singha, dwuwyra-żeniowy oraz Midilliego i innych. Modelowanie w warunkach naturalnych wymaga uwzględnienia warunków otoczenia, a zwłaszcza temperatury i wilgotności względnej powietrza.

6

Micromorphology of pollen grains of fruit trees of the genus Prunus

75%

Chwil M.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus

|

2015

|

tom 14

|

nr 4

EN

The micromorphological characteristics of the pollen grain sculpture is one of the most important diagnostic traits in plants. Pollen grains in various species of the subfamily Prunoideae are characterized by variations in size, shape and exine sculpture. In the present work, for the first time, the micromorphology of pollen grains of fourteen cultivars from five fruit tree species of the genus Prunus was compared. Morphometric observations and analysis of pollen grains were performed using light and electron scanning microscopy. In terms of size, the pollen grains studied were classified as medium sized and large. Their shape was determined to be prolate, subprolate, or prolate spheroidal. The striae in the exine of P. armeniaca run parallel and can be branched or curved. The sculpture of P. persica grains shows elongated extending paralel regular and irregular striae, dichotomously branched. Regularly arranged, or at places branched, striae are found in the exine of P. avium pollen grains. The ornamentation of P. cerasus grains is composed of elongated striae, sometimes slightly curved or with a tendency to intertwine. The exine of P. domestica grains is characterized by forked, arched striae. The stria thickness differs significantly between cultivars within the species, while the groove width differs only between some species and cultivars. The obtained results on the exine sculpture of pollen grains can be used in the taxonomy of species of the genus Prunus.

PL

Mikromorfologiczna charakterystyka skulptury ziaren pyłku stanowi jedną z ważniejszych cech diagnostycznych roślin. Ziarna pyłku u różnych gatunków z podro dziny Prunoideae charakteryzuje zmienność co do wielkości, kształtu i skulptury egzyny. W prezentowanej pracy po raz pierwszy porównano mikromorfologię ziaren pyłku czternastu odmian w obrębie pięciu gatunków drzew owocowych z rodzaju Prunus. Obserwacje i badania morfometryczne ziaren pyłku wykonano przy użyciu mikroskopii świetlnej i skaningowej elektronowej. Badane ziarna pod względem wielkości zaliczono do średnich lub dużych. Ich kształt określono jako prolatum, subprolatum lub prolatospheroides. Prążki w egzynie P. armeniaca przebiegają równolegle, mogą być rozgałęzione lub wygięte. Skulptura ziaren P. persica obejmuje prążki miejscami przebiegające równolegle lub nieregularnie, albo dychotomicznie rozgałęzione. W egzynie ziaren pyłku P. avium występują regularnie ułożone obok siebie lub miejscami rozgałęzione prążki. Rzeźba ziaren P. cerasus tworzy wydłużone prążki, niekiedy z delikatnym wygięciem lub z tendencją do przeplatania. Egzyna ziaren P. domestica charakteryzuje się rozwidlonymi, łukowato wygiętymi prążkami. Grubość striae istotnie różni się między odmianami w obrębie gatunków, a szerokość rowków tylko między niektórymi gatunkami i odmianami. Uzyskane wyniki badań związane ze skulpturą egzyny ziaren pyłku mogą być wykorzystane w taksonomii gatunków z rodzaju Prunus.

7

Evaluation of late plum cultivars in the region of Belgrade (Serbia)

75%

Milatovic D. , Durovic D. , Zec G. , Radovic A. , Boskov D.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus

|

2019

|

tom 18

|

nr 1

EN

Phenological traits, yield, and fruit characteristics of 14 plum cultivars of late maturation period were studied in the region of Belgrade in the five-year period (2013–2017). The control cultivar for comparison was ‘Stanley’. The average time of flowering was in the first half of April, and of fruit maturation in the second half of August and the beginning of September. Yield per tree was lowest in the cultivar ‘Pozna Plava’ (10.2 kg) and highest in the cultivar ‘Topking’ (23.6 kg). Compared to the control, significantly lower yield was achieved in three cultivars: ‘Pozna Plava’, ‘Vengerka Pozdnyaya’, and ‘Narach’. Fruit weight ranged from 26.1 g in the cultivar ‘Elena’ to 57.0 g in the cultivar ‘Empress’. Compared to the control, it was significantly higher in three cultivars (‘Empress’, ‘Vengerka Pozdnyaya’, and ‘Tophit’). All studied cultivars had high soluble solids content, ranging from 17.1% to 21.6%. The best rated cultivar for fruit appearance was ‘Empress’, while cultivars ‘Nada’ and ‘Pozna Plava’ were best scored for taste.

8

Sad przydomowy w zimie

75%

Barton R.

Biuletyn Informacyjno-Handlowy. Ośrodek Doradztwa Rolniczego Boguchwała

|

1994

|

nr 01

6

9

Formirovanie bazy dannykh dlja avtomatizirovannogo upravlenija fiziologicheskim sostojaniem plodovykh derev'ev melkodispersnym dozhdevaniem

75%

Karaev A. , Sushko S. , Odincova V.

Motrol. Motoryzacja i Energetyka Rolnictwa

|

2016

|

tom 18

|

nr 1

10

Pruning wastes from fruit trees as a substrate for Pleurotus ostreatus

75%

Landinez-Torres A. Y. , Perez Fagua C. , Lopez A. C. S. , Deaquiz Oyola Y. A. , Girometta C. E.

Acta Mycologica

|

2021

|

tom 56

|

nr 1

11

Fruit production as influenced by nitrogen fertilization

75%

Wojcik P.

Nawozy i Nawożenie

|

2000

|

tom 02

|

nr 3b

12

The importance of genetic resources for apricot breeding in Slovakia

75%

Benedikova D.

Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research

|

2004

|

tom 12

|

nr Spec.ed.2

13

Effect of rootstock on Ca concentration in different parts of apples

75%

Ben J. M. , Koszorz M.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus

|

2005

|

tom 04

|

nr 1

EN

In the years 1998–2000 an investigation was carried out on ‘Jonagold’ apples harvested from 6-year old trees grafted on M.9, M.26, P 2, P 22 and P 60. In 1998 and 1999 the average calcium content in fruit was significantly higher than in 2000. The highest calcium was observed in the peel of apples, in each of the year. The effect of the rootstock on the level of calcium in the calyx, core and pedicle part of apples changed, depending on the vegetation season. In each year of the experiment the strongly dwarfing rootstock P 22 had the smallest share in the accumulation of calcium in the different parts of apples.

PL

Badania prowadzono w latach 1998–2000 na 6-letnich drzewach odmiany Jonagold, okulizowanych na podkładce M.9, M.26, P 2, P 22 i P 60. W latach 1998 i 1999 średnia zawartość wapnia w jabłkach była istotnie wyższa niż w roku 2000. Wysoką zawartość wapnia obserwowano w skórce jabłek, w każdym z badanych lat. Wpływ podkładki na poziom wapnia w części kielichowej, środkowej i szypułkowej jabłka zmieniał się, w zależności od sezonu wegetacyjnego. Jabłka pobrane z drzew okulizowanych na podkładce P 22 gromadziły najmniejszą ilość wapnia w analizowanych częściach.

14

Costs of fruit tree production in the region of Lublin

75%

Czernyszewicz E.

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska. Sectio EEE: Horticultura

|

2000

|

tom 08

15

Effects of methyl jasmonate and gums formed in stone fruit trees on in vitro ethylene production by mycelium of Verticillium dahliae and Alternaria alternata

63%

Wegrzynowicz-Lesiak E. , Jarecka Boncela A. , Goraj J. , Saniewski M.

Journal of Horticultural Research

|

2013

|

tom 21

|

nr 2

16

The influence of mycorrhizal fungi on the growth and yielding of plum and sour cherry trees

63%

Swierczynski S. , Stachowiak A.

Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research

|

2010

|

tom 18

|

nr 2

71-77

EN

The experiment was conducted in the Experimental Station in Baranowo near Poznań between 2007-2009. The influence of mycorrhizal fungi on the growth and yield of the plum tree cultivar - ' Cacanska Lepotica' and sour cherry tree cultivar - 'Schattenmorelle' was estimated. Three years after planting, the plum trees had bigger vigour of growth, expressed by TCSA, in a combination with mycorrhizal fungi. Sour cherry trees did not differ in growth after the use of mycorrhizal fungi. A higher yield of fruits was harvested from plum and sour cherry trees inoculated with a mycorrhizal fungi. Productivity of mycorrhized trees, calculated according to the cross-sectional area of the trunk, was higher than in the control. The use of mycorrhizal fungi had no influence on fruit mass of the investigated species of fruit trees.

PL

Do świadczenie przeprowadzono w Stacji Doświadczalnej w Baranowie koło Poznania w latach 2007-2009. W sadzie oceniano wpływ szczepionki mikoryzowej na wzrost i owocowanie drzew śliwy 'Cacanska Lepotica' oraz wiśni 'Łutówka'. W ciągu trzech lat po posadzeniu drzewa śliwy miały większą siłę wzrostu wyrażoną polem przekroju poprzecznego pnia w kombinacji ze szczepionką mikoryzową. Po zastosowaniu szczepionki mikoryzowej drzewa wiśni nie byty zróżnicowane we wzroście. Wyższy plon owoców zebrano z drzew śliwy i wiśni inokulowanych szczepionką mikoryzową Produktywność mikoryzowanych drzew w przeliczeniu na pole przekroju poprzecznego pnia była wyższa niż kontrolnych. Zastosowanie szczepionki mikoryzowej nie miało wpływu masę owocu rozpatrywanych gatunków drzew owocowych.

17

Evaluation of grapevine resistance to downy and powdery mildew in ‘Regent’ × ‘Bogazkere’ hybrid population segregating for resistance genes

63%

Shidfar M. , Akkurt M. , Atak A. , Ergul A. , Soylemezoglu G.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus

|

2019

|

tom 18

|

nr 1

EN

Fruit production should be adapted to future scenarios that are frequently associated with scarce resources, especially freshwater and fertilizers. New biologically-based fruit production strategies, i.e. taking into account tree growth and water status, are required to optimize irrigation and fertilization under abiotic stress conditions. It was hypothesized that a moderate abiotic stress, here deficit irrigation with or without nitrogen deficit, in the preharvest period, could decrease postharvest losses due to diseases and pruning weights due to reduced vegetative growth, without sacrificing the yield and fruit quality. This study was conducted over two years using the same trees of ‘Moncante’ nectarine cultivar grown in a commercial orchard. Trees were assigned to three treatments: (1) full irrigation at 80% estimated crop evapotranspiration (ETc), (2) deficit irrigation, i.e. at 75% of full irrigation, and (3) deficit irrigation and deficit nitrogen, i.e. at 75% of full irrigation and 75% of usual N-fertilization adopted by the grower in this commercial orchard. Deficit irrigation alone and in combination with deficit nitrogen reduced postharvest diseases and pruning weights without significant yield losses. Our results suggest that ETc-based approaches of reduced water irrigation may be a sustainable way to decrease phytosanitary inputs and workload in the orchard while maintaining the orchard performance.

18

The use of sewage sludge as an organic matter source in apple trees

63%

Bozkurt M. A. , Yarilgac T. , Yazici A.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

|

2010

|

tom 19

|

nr 2

267-274

EN

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of different doses of sludge on fruit yield, growth, nutrition and heavy metal accumulation of apple trees on a calcareous soil 1999-2003. Sewage sludge was added to the soil at rates of 0, 10, 20, 40 and 60 kg tree-1. Manure was applied to the soil at a rate of 25 kg tree⁻¹. According to four-years data, cumulative application of sewage sludge to apple trees significantly increased fruit yield, trunk cross-sectional area, shoot growth and leaf N, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu contents at the end of the study. Leaf Ni slightly increased with sludge addition in 2003 only. The four-year results of this study indicated that repeated sewage sludge application to apple trees did not cause toxicity in leaves and fruits. However, long-term sewage sludge application may result in the accumulation of Zn, Cu and Ni in the soil and plant.

19

Analysis of tree species, preferences by farmers in Albertine rift, Uganda

63%

Tumuhe C. L. , Nyamaizi S.

Environment, Earth and Ecology

|

2020

|

tom 4

|

nr 1

20

Branching system of the Mexican hawthorn “Tejocote” (Crataegus spp.)

63%

Perez-Ortega S. A. , Mendez-Santiago A. H. , Nieto-Angel R. , Jankiewicz L. S.

Journal of Horticultural Research

|

2013

|

tom 21

|

nr 1