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EN
This paper concerns 18th century surnames of Bielsk Podlaski inhabitants based on first names. Analysis of reference material has demonstrated that the majority of surnames of people living in Bielsk Podlaski in the 18th century was based on first names which were anthroponyms of Eastern-Slavonic origin (Antychowicz, Chilkiewicz, Dmitrowicz, Korniluk, Naucik etc.). Surnames originating from Polish first names account for a minor percentage of all analyzed anthoponyms (Maciejuk, Michalewicz, Piotrowicz, Szymonowicz, Urbanowicz). Only single examples indicate the non-Slavonic origin of the analyzed surnames of Bielsk Podlaski inhabitants (Hencmanowski, Iczewska).
EN
This paper deals with Orthodox baptismal names different from the first names given to the child at the Registry Office. Analysis of source material demonstrated that the number of baptismal names different from those given at the Registry Office constitutes a significant percentage (26.3%) of anthroponyms in the contemporary Orthodox name-giving trend. The choice of baptismal names was motivated by various reasons, but the most popular were names phonetically similar to the names used in the secular world (e.g. Алим - Alan, Анисия - Inesa, Илария - Laura, Кириена - Karina, Мелания - Milena, Христофор - Krystian, etc.). The quoted material shows that the presence of old-style Orthodox names in parish birth records is not necessarily the consequence of an intended return to a forgotten name-giving tradition. It is instead an attempt to combine religious tradition with modern trends in namegiving.
EN
This paper provides evidence of the impact of the Anglo-American culture on Spanish language and society. Societal phenomena such as globalization, migration and the media are observable in every area of Spanish people’s daily life. This study reveals the extent of the popularity of foreign given names, mostly English, in Spanish society. English given names seem to be currently associated with such values as high fashion and social prestige. Study of variables frequency, gender and age reveal that the choice of English first names is becoming very popular. A comparative analysis of English given names in the 1960s and in the 2010s in Spain is carried out. The dataset was collected from the Spanish Institute of Statistics (INE) and the results report that English first names occur quite frequently among people aged 25 years or younger and therefore represent a new tendency. The paper includes discussion of adaptations of some of the examined English names to Spanish.
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Content available remote O Rodných jménech motivovaných označením rostlin
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EN
Many names motivated by designations of flowers and plants belong to a very archaic layer of anthroponyms. They were created as protecting names (demons should believe that a person with name motivated by designation of flower is a flower itself) and later they had characterization or predestination functions. Flowers had many symbolical meanings (ancient and medieval Christian) which could influence proper names as well (e. g. the name Rose meant not only „rose“ but also „beauty“ and „love“ – i. e. the symbolical meanings of rose). First names motivated by designations of flowers and plants were very popular in the 19th century, in a period of „flowers of speech“ fashion. In English many new names motivated by designations of flowers and plants (especially female) were created at that time. In our country, Czech names motivated by designations of flowers and plants (e. g. Růžena „rose“) were popular in the 1930s and 1940s, then they rapidly fell out of vogue. Some names motivated by designations of flowers and plants are not used anymore (e. g. Eglantine) but other ones are made up nowadays (e. g. Apple).
Onomastica
|
2021
|
tom 65
|
nr 2
179-188
EN
The subject of the article is to show a new, modified way of avoiding Polish inflection by the Church, understood here as an institution represented by priests. The analysis included first names and surnames excerpted from Holy Mass intentions and parish announcements published on the Internet from October 2020 to March 2021 by selected parishes of the Podkarpacie region. Publishing Mass intentions on the parish website resulted in the fact that inflection mistakes became permanent and could easily be indicated. In order to avoid criticism for linguistic incorrectness, the Church decided not to inflect first names and surnames in the messages published online. The analysis of the Mass intentions indicates that the Church promotes the use of an official and practical model of inflection that prefers nominativisation of names and surnames, as well as writing them in the form of lists. First names and surnames of the deceased (which are preceded by the symbol of the cross) are written in the nominative form, as opposed to inflected names of living parishioners. As a result, a name/surname that is not inflected (even without the cross) has begun to be perceived as a linguistic symbol of a dead person.
PL
Przedmiotem  artykułu jest pokazanie nowego, zmodyfikowanego sposobu unikania rodzimej fleksji przez Kościół rozumiany tu  jako instytucja reprezentowana przez księży. Materiałową podstawę pracy stanowią imiona i nazwiska wyekscerpowane z intencji mszalnych i ogłoszeń parafialnych zamieszczanych w internecie od października 2020 r. do marca 2021 r. przez wybrane parafie podkarpackie. Umieszczanie intencji mszalnych  na stronach internetowych parafii spowodowało, że  błędy fleksyjne nabierały trwałego charakteru i łatwo mogły być wykazane. Aby się nie narazić na krytykę niepoprawności językowej, w tekstach ogłoszeń Kościół zdecydował się więc na  zastosowanie wybiegu omijania odmiany imion i nazwisk. Analiza tekstów intencji mszalnych wykazała, że w Kościele gwałtownie szerzy się urzędniczy, praktyczny model odmiany preferujący nominatywizację imion i nazwisk i zestawianie ich w formie wykazów. Kostnienie, w postaci mianownikowej, imion i nazwisk zmarłych (poprzedzonych symbolem krzyża), w opozycji do czynnych fleksyjnie nazw własnych osób żyjących, powoduje, że w intencjach mszalnych unieruchomiona fleksyjnie forma imienia i nazwiska (nawet bez krzyża) zaczyna być traktowana jako językowy symbol osoby zmarłej. 
PL
Artykuł jest poświęcony związkom między kapitałem kulturowym polskich rodziców a ich preferencjami w wyborze imion dla swoich dzieci. Autor, nawiązując do socjologicznych koncepcji cyklów popularności imion i klasowych gustów imienniczych, porównuje zbiory imion noszonych przez studentów medycyny (3125 osób w próbie celowej) i przez wszystkie osoby urodzone w zbliżonym okresie. Rodzice tych studentów, posiadający przeciętnie większy kapitał kulturowy niż pozostali rodzice, relatywnie częściej wybierali imiona zakorzenione w tradycji, rzadziej natomiast te, które zawdzięczały popularność krótkoterminowej modzie. Zebrane dane nie wskazują, by preferencje tej grupy ulegały szerzej zakrojonej dyfuzji hierarchicznej, a więc były przejmowane z opóźnieniem przez rodziców z mniejszym kapitałem kulturowym.
EN
The paper analyzes the relationship between Polish parents’ cultural capital and their naming preferences. Drawing on sociological accounts of name popularity cycles and class tastes in naming, the author compares two sets of first names: of medical students (3125 cases in a purposeful sample) and of all Poles born in roughly the same period. Parents of the former, who generally have more cultural capital than other parents, were relatively more inclined to choose traditional names and avoid those owing their popularity to shortterm fashion. The data do not provide evidence of widespread hierachical diffusion of high-brow naming preferences, that is, their subsequent adoption by parents with less cultural capital.
7
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PL
Artykuł dotyczy różnic ilościowych w imiennictwie poszczególnych regionów Polski w latach 1951–2010. Celem było sprawdzenie, czy dane ilościowe dla regionów są zróżnicowane, czy układają się w zwarte obszary geograficzne oraz czy zróżnicowanie międzyregionalne ulegało zmianom w badanym okresie. Do oceny tych różnic użyte zostały wybrane wskaźniki bogactwa leksykalnego stosowane w pracach z zakresu statystyki leksykalnej. Impulsem do podjęcia tego zagadnienia były zaobserwowane wcześniej wyraźne różnice w dystrybucji przestrzennej imion ze względu na ich cechy jakościowe. Badanie wykazało, że także w świetle danych ilościowych występuje czasowe i geograficzne zróżnicowanie w nadawaniu imion w Polsce.
EN
The article examines the quantitative differentiation in naming in the various Polish regions during the period of 1951–1960. The aim was to check whether the quantitative data for names are regionally differentiated, and has the interregional differences changed during the period considered. Selected measures of lexical richness (originally applied in the field of lexical statistics) were used to evaluate these differences. The direct reason for considering this case were the previously observed clear spatial patterns of first names with regard to its qualitative features. Present study has shown that also in the case of quantitative data there are some temporal and spatial differentiation in naming practices in Poland.
EN
This material contribution dealing with anthroponyms in Central Moravian region in the 15th and 16th centuries is loosely based on the author’s earlier article about medieval personal names in Moravia in the 17th and 18th centuries. Material obtained from the regional monograph is the bases for author’s personal reflection on the development of anthroponymical paradigm in Moravian countryside.
EN
The author analyzes the names Mieszko and Dąbrówka / Doubravka in Polish and Czech historical sources. He also refers to contemporary linguistic research, which questions the existence of the name Mieczysław in the tenth century, and also the name Dąbrówka as the Polish form of the Czech name Doubravka. While the second one is certified in Czech texts and was used in the 10th century at the Czech court, the first is known only from the records of the first Polish chronicles. It is not confirmed by any earlier Latin or German chronicles or other documents from that period.
CS
Autor analyzuje jména Mieszko a Dąbrówka/Doubravka v polských a českých historických pramenech. Odkazuje také na současné lingvistické studie, které zpochybňují existenci jména Mieczysław v desátém století a také jména Dąbrówka jako polské podoby českého jména Doubravka. Zatímco druhé je uváděno v českých textech a bylo použito v 10. století u českého knížecího dvora, první je známo pouze z prvních polských kronik. Není potvrzeno staršími latinskými nebo německými kronikami nebo jinými dokumenty z tohoto období.
Onomastica
|
2017
|
tom 61
|
nr 2
219-237
EN
The present paper describes changes that occurred in personal naming practices of Poles during World War II as a result of the German language policy enforced in pre-war Polish territories that was incorporated into the Third Reich. Based on the analysis of the turnover rate of the most frequent first names it is demonstrated that significant changes took place in the areas of pre-war Poland that were joined to the three provinces of the Third Reich - Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia, the Province of Upper Silesia, and Reichsgau Wartheland. The paper discusses the nature of changes that occurred in particular regions as well as the way they were reversed in 1945.
EN
One of the current issues concerning Japanese given names that has been widely discussed in the media and increasingly in academic literature are the so-called kirakira nēmu („shiny, sparkly names“), characterized by unusual and interesting sound and graphic forms. A typical feature of most of these names, written in Chinese characters, is a discordant sound- -character relationship, which makes them hard or even impossible to read. This type of name started to appear in the 1980s, experiencing a boom at the turn of the millennium. The rather negative consequences of this phenomenon, however, started to appear only recently, when generations with a high concentration of such names started to become socially active (attending schools, entering the workforce, etc.). Through an analysis of a corpus of 8,390 current children’s names, this paper seeks to identify particular types of deviations in the sound-character relationship and thus pinpoint what it is that makes current names hard to read.
12
44%
EN
This study deals with names of townsmen of Česká Lípa, which are enrolled in the oldest preserved town book in the years 1461–1722. The interpretation of the names is very difficult. In this town book we can find 1 475 records, out of which 1 312 records deal with granting of towns law. Around 1 378 people are included among townsmen. The precise number of townsmen is not easy to determine. We can find a lot of male names – the most favourite name was Hans – and a lot of female names – the name Anna is most favourite. Surnames were not fixed in the Middle Ages or in the Modern Times. We cannot ascertain the ethnicity of the townsmen. It is impossible, because scribes wrote into the town book at their discretion.
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