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Folʹklorna onomastyka: do problemy statusu

100%

Kolesnyk N.

Acta onomastica

2020

tom 61

nr 2

332-342

The study of folklore onyms has a history lasting over a century and a half. Among linguistic disciplines they are the object of study of at least linguistic folklore studies, ethnolinguistics and onomastics. However, scholars from other fields do not always realise the distinctiveness of the object of study in each of them. The aim of the article is to describe the main tasks of onomastic studies in folklore. The object of study in folklore onomastics, unlike in other sciences, has to be typological regularities of organization, structuring and existence of the system of proper names in oral folklore as an organic, specific part of national onym system and its ability to provide evidence about main tendencies and regularities of development and functioning of national system of naming.

Bádání v oblasti folklorních onym má dlouhou, téměř půldruhého století trvající historii. Mezi filologickými naukami jsou dnes onyma objektem studia různých disciplín, zejména pak lingvofolkloristiky, etnolingvistiky a onomastiky. Ale badatelé si ne vždy uvědomují originalitu a hloubku zkoumání jejich podstaty v rámci každé z těchto disciplín. Cílem této stati je vymezit základní úkoly onomastického studia vlastních jmen ve folkloru. Předmětem studia folklorní onomastiky na rozdíl od jiných vědních disciplín by měly být typologické zákonitosti organizace, strukturace a existence systému vlastních jmen ústní lidové tvořivosti jako organické, nosné součásti národního systému onymie a jeho schopnost uchovávat svědectví o základních tendencích a zákonitostech rozvoje a fungování národního systému vlastních jmen.

Hlavně žádná věda: zdravý rozum a common sense prizmatem přirozeného sémantického metajazyka

100%

Pavlásková M.

Naše řeč (Our Speech)

2022

tom 105

nr 1

21-36

This paper aims to analyse the meaning of the salient Czech concept of zdravý rozum, and compare it with its English equivalent, common sense. It does so by using the natural semantic metalanguage, a universal and elementary metalanguage originated by Anna Wierzbicka. This metalanguage represents a shared conceptual core of, presumably, all natural languages, so it is independent of any particular culture and can serve as a non-ethnocentric tertium comparationis for the purposes of intercultural ethnolinguistic research. In this study, it serves to compare and contrast two unique and highly complex concepts that enable us to gain some insight into two different linguistic worldviews – and their respective cultures.

Obraz světa ve frazeologii : k metodice analýzy a klasifikace frazeologických jednotek

100%

Křivancová M.

Naše řeč (Our Speech)

2019

tom 102

nr 3

175-192

The paper presents a methodology for constructing an image of someone or something in phraseology. This methodology is then applied to Czech phrasemes from the thematic unit “designations of fairytale creatures”. The main aim of the contribution is to show that any topics seeking to capture the picture of the world in phraseology require a specified semantic-functional way of analyzing and classifying excerpts, because other criteria for classifying phrasemes and analyzing them would have practically no informational value for such research.

Russkij Ivan i ego „braťja“ : pol'sk. Jan i fr. Jean (K voprosu o etnokul'turnoj specifike ličnogo imeni)

75%

Feoktistova, Ljubov´ , Spiridonov D.

Acta onomastica

2016

tom 56

76-92

The article focuses on the Russian personal name Ivan in comparison with Polish Jan and French Jean. Based on an analysis of secondary appellative derivatives of these names in the Russian, Polish (including Kashubian) and French (including Occitan) dialects and colloquial languages, the authors reconstruct the ethno-cultural portraits of prototypical bearers of these names in corresponding languages. The analysis shows that the Russian Ivan, whose name often serves as a symbol of „russianess“, has very few specific features as compared to his French and Polish „brothers“. This conclusion leads to the question on ethnolinguistic mechanisms of derivation from personal names which, in the perspective of the contrastive study of deonyms, seem to be relatively universal.