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Dotazník životních stresorů (LSC-R) : výskyt stresorov u dospelých obyvateľov ČR a súvis so zdravím

100%

Kaščáková N. , Fürstová J. , Poláčková Šolcová I. , Heveriová M. , Heveri M. , Hašto J. , Tavel P.

Československá psychologie (Czechoslovak Psychology)

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2018

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tom 62

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nr Supplement_1

80-99

EN

Objective. The occurrence of traumatic events in childhood and during later life increases the incidence of many mental and somatic diseases. The lifetime impact of cumulative stressful events throughout life is very substantial. The aim of this study was to check selected psychometric parameters of the Czech version of the LSC-R, to assess the occurrence of life stressors in a representative sample of adult population in the CR and to determine associations between the occurrence of stressors, health, pain and problematic use of alcohol and nicotine. Sample and settings. A cross-sectional study on a representative sample of the adult Czech population (N=1800, age 46.4, SD 17.4, 48.7% of men) collected data on the LSC-R. For convergent validity the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-8) and the CAGE-questionnaires were used. Results. In 80% of respondents at least one stressor and in 15% five or more stressors were found. The sociodemographic differences are discussed. People with problematic use of alcohol and nicotine experienced significantly more overall stressors, stressors that began before the age of 16 years old and more interpersonal violence in comparison with non-drinkers and nonsmokers. Confirmatory analysis showed satisfactory fit parameters for the created five-factor model, and convergent validity was demonstrated. Significant associations between scores on the LSC-R, physical and mental health, pain and the problematic use of alcohol and nicotine are discussed. Summary. The Life Stressor Checklist-Revised appears to be a clinically useful instrument for the detection of lifetime stressors and for research purposes in the context of planning prevention and therapeutic possibilities. Limitations. The LSC-R was the part of a larger battery and was placed in the last third.

SK

a2_Zhrnutie. Dotazník životních stresorů sa javí ako klinicky využiteľný nástroj na detekciu celoživotného výskytu stresorov a na výskumné účely v kontexte plánovania prevencie a terapeutických možností. Limity. Dotazník bol súčasťou väčšej batérie a bol zaradený v poslednej tretine dotazníkovej batérie.

2

Psychometrická analýza české verze dotazníku zdraví a spokojenosti (SF-8 health survey)

80%

Bartůšková L. , Kabát J. , Kaščáková N. , Fürstová J. , Glogar P. , Heveri M. , Hašto J. , Tavel P.

Československá psychologie (Czechoslovak Psychology)

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2018

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tom 62

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nr Supplement_1

40-55

EN

Objectives. The SF-8 Health Survey Questionnaire is an effective health-related quality of life (HRQOL) measurement tool consisting of eight items. The aim of the study was to verify the factor structure of the Czech version of the questionnaire, to describe the basic psychometric properties of the tool, to develop a basis for the creation of standards based on the analysis of the results from a representative sample and to compare the global scores between respondents with and without chronic health problems. Sample and settings. A nationally representative sample of 1800 Czech respondents (N = 1800, age 46.4, SD 17.4, 48.7% men) participated in the survey focused on health issues. Results: Females achieved lower scores in all items compared with males, except for physical functions and total physical health. With increasing age, the individual items, as well as the PCS (physical component summary) and the MCS (mental component summary) scores, declined for both genders. Thus, higher age was associated with worse subjective health status. Respondents with higher education showed a higher quality of life in the sphere of both mental and physical health experience. The study revealed differences between healthy and chronically ill patients with back pain, hypertension, depression, allergy and migraine for all diseases in the overall PCS and MCS scores. In order to assess the number of factors, the Kaiser criterion, scree plot, Parallel Analysis (PA) and Minimum Average Partial test (MAP) were used. All of these methods resulted into a two-factor solution. Confirmation factor analysis confirmed the model’s compliance for our data. A Cronbach’s alpha of 0.92 and McDonald’s coefficient omega with a value of 0.94 showed that the Czech version of the SF-8 Health Survey is a tool with high internal consistency and reliability. Conclusion. The Czech version of the SF-8 Health Survey is a tool with high internal consistency and reliability.

CS

a2_Závěr. Česká verze dotazníku SF-8 Health Survey představuje nástroj s dobrou vnitřní konzistencí a reliabilitou, který je vhodný k využití jak ve výzkumu, tak v klinické praxi.

3

Absolutní a proporcionální frekvence v ČNK ve světle výzkumu morfosyntaktické variace v češtině:

80%

Bermel N. , Knittl L. , Russell J.

Naše řeč (Our Speech)

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2014

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tom 97

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nr 4-5

216-227

EN

This contribution discusses three ways of operationalising the notion of frequency as it relates to how often an item occurs in a corpus: the proportional frequency of forms (i.e. the percentage of instances in which one or another variant is found) and two ways of looking at absolute frequency. Working with data from unmotivated morphological variation in Czech case forms, we show that different types of data contribute to some extent to the way variation is perceived and implemented by native speakers, but suggest that proportional frequency seems most salient for speakers in forming their impressions and shaping their behaviour.

4

Slovenská adaptácia dotazníka na hodnotenie schizotypových čŕt osobnosti Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire

80%

Chylová M. , Marko M. , Dragešek J. , Virčík M. , Rovný R. , Roháriková V. , Murínová J. , Cimrová B. , Katina S. , Riečanský I.

Československá psychologie (Czechoslovak Psychology)

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2017

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tom 61

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nr 3

267-280

EN

Objectives. The aim of the present study was to adapt the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ), one of the most widely used methods for the assessment of schizotypy, into the Slovak language and investigate its basic psychometric properties (reliability, latent structure, gender differences, and measurement invariance) in healthy volunteers. Sample and setting. The Slovak version of the questionnaire (SPQ-SK) was completed by 267 responders (120 men and 147 women) with a mean age of 25.3 years (SD = 5.5). SPQ includes 74 binary items arranged into 9 subscales. Hypotheses. Latent structure of two concurrent models, a three-factor and a four-factor model were tested. Statistical analysis. Gender differences were assessed by Welch t-test. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha and ordinal alpha. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was calculated using the maximum likelihood method. χ2-test, CFI, RMSEA, SRMR, AIC and BIC were used to evaluate and compare the respective models. Measurement invariance was assessed by χ2 and CFI differences. Results. SPQ-SK showed an acceptable internal consistency. On average, men scored higher in the dimensions Odd or Eccentric Behavior, No Close Friends, and Constricted Affect, whereas women scored higher on Excessive Social Anxiety and Magical Thinking. CFA indicated that a modified three-factor structure represented the best model for SPQ-SK. This model also showed configural invariance and weak measurement invariance. However, strong and strict invariance was only partially supported. Study limitations. The research sample consisted of healthy individuals. Further investigations are needed to determine clinically relevant scores.

SK

Cieľ. Cieľom práce bolo adaptovať jednu z najpoužívanejších metód na stanovovanie schizotypie - Schizotypový osobnostný dotazník (Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire, SPQ) - v slovenských podmienkach a zistiť jej základné psychometrické vlastnosti (reliabilitu, latentnú štruktúru, rodové rozdiely a invarianciu merania) u zdravých dobrovoľníkov. Výskumný výber a metóda. Slovenskú verziu dotazníka (SPQ-SK) vyplnilo 267 respondentov (120 mužov a 147 žien) s priemerným vekom 25,3 roka (SD = 5,5). SPQ pozostáva zo 74 dichotomických položiek, ktoré sú zaradené do deviatich subškál. Hypotéza. Testované a porovnávané boli konkurenčné modely latentnej štruktúry SPQ - trojfaktorový a štvorfaktorový model. Štatistická analýza. Rodové rozdiely boli posudzované Welchovým t-testom. Vnútorná konzistencia bola posudzovaná Cronbachovým a ordinálnym koeficientom alfa. Konfirmačná faktorová analýza (CFA) bola vypočítaná pomocou metódy maximálnej vierohodnosti. Pre posúdenie a porovnanie modelov bola využitá štatistika χ2 a indexy CFI, RMSEA, SRMR, AIC a BIC. Invariancia merania bola overovaná pomocou rozdielov v χ2 a CFI jednotlivých vnorených modelov. Výsledky. SPQ-SK preukázalo akceptovateľnú vnútornú konzistenciu. Muži skórovali v priemere viac v dimenziách excentrické správanie, chýbanie blízkych priateľov a zúžený afekt, zatiaľ čo ženy dosahovali vyššie skóre v dimenziách sociálna úzkosť a magické myslenie. Výsledky CFA preukázali ako najvhodnejší trojfaktorový model. Tento model taktiež preukázal konfiguračnú a slabú faktorovú invarianciu. Silná a striktná invariancia však bola podporená iba čiastočne. Limity. Výskumný súbor tvorili zdraví jedinci. Pre stanovenie klinicky významného skóre je potrebný ďalší výskum.

5

Psychometrické charakteristiky dotazníku SHALOM u starší české populace

80%

Marciniak R. , Šerek J. , Sheardová K. , Hudeček D. , Hort J.

Československá psychologie (Czechoslovak Psychology)

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2017

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tom 61

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nr 3

230-244

EN

Objectives. The subject of spirituality and discussion about its role, especially in relation to health, are among the most significant trends in modern psychology. Along with this interest comes a need for proper methods of measurement of spirituality. SHALOM Questionnaire (Spiritual Health and Life-Orientation Measure) is a self-evaluating questionnaire designed to measure the level of spiritual well-being. This study aims to verify psychometric properties in Czech version of this questionnaire. Sample and setting. The questionnaire was administered to elderly Czech population (n=209) aged 55 to 91 years. Several subjects (n=47) from research sample has been diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment, the rest is cognitively healthy. Hypotheses. The authors assumed that the questionnaire has adequate psychometric characteristics for use in the elderly population sample. Statistical analysis. Statistical analysis was aimed at identifying level of internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha), factor analysis and correlation with various aspects of religiosity. Results. Results showed a good internal consistency of subscales and adequate theoretical structure, this proves the questionnaire to be applicable even for people with mild cognitive impairment. In opposition to original four-factor structure, dividing the questionnaire into two main factors seems to be more accurate, one of two factors divided into three subfactors. Based on the results a shorter and revised version of the original questionnaire is proposed. Study limitation. Generalization of the study results is limited by specific research sample - elderly population, some of the participants have been diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment. New version of the Shalom questionnaire is intended for future verification.

CS

Cíle. Problematika spirituality a diskuze o její úloze obzvlášť ve vztahu ke zdraví představuje jeden z významných trendů světové psychologie. S tímto zájmem se pojí také potřeba vhodných metod k měření spirituality. Dotazník SHALOM (Spiritual Health and Life-Orientation Measure) je sebeposuzovací dotazník určený pro měření míry tzv. spirituální osobní pohody (spiritual well-being). Cílem studie bylo ověření psychometrických vlastností české verze tohoto dotazníku. Soubor a procedura. Dotazník byl administrován starší české populaci (n = 209) ve věku od 55 do 91 let. U části participantů (n = 47) z výzkumného souboru byla diagnostikována mírná kognitivní porucha. Ostatní participanti byli kognitivně zdraví. Hypotéza. Předpokládá se, že dotazník má adekvátní psychometrické vlastnosti pro použití u starší populace. Statistická analýza. Statistická analýza byla zaměřená na zjišťování úrovně vnitřní konzistence (Cronbachovo alfa), faktorové analýzy a korelace s různými aspekty religiozity. Výsledky. Výsledky měření poukazují na dobrou vnitřní konzistenci subškál nástroje a teoreticky adekvátní faktorovou strukturu. Dotazník se proto jeví jako použitelný, a to i pro osoby s mírnou kognitivní poruchou. V porovnání s původně předpokládanou čtyřfaktorovou strukturou se zdá být lepší považovat dotazník za dvoufaktorový, přičemž jeden z těchto faktorů se dále dělí na tři faktory nižšího stupně. Na základě výsledků testů byla navržena zkrácená revidovaná verze původního dotazníku. Omezení studie. Zobecnění výsledků studie je limitováno specifickým výzkumným souborem - jde o starší populaci, u některých participantů byla diagnostikována mírná kognitivní porucha. Nová revidovaná verze dotazníku je určená k dalšímu ověřování.