Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Dynamics of crop yield in the long-term crop rotation, 1974-1993

100%

Kus J.

Fragmenta Agronomica

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1995

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tom 12

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nr 2

2

Deficit irrigation under water stress and salinity conditions: fao-aquacrop model

88%

Kale Celik S.

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

|

2022

|

tom nr I/1

96--106

EN

In this research, estimation potential of Aquacrop model under deficit irrigation and salinity conditions were evaluated for winter wheat grown under arid and semi-arid climates. Five different irrigation strategies and irrigation water salinity levels (0.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 15 dS m-1 ) were taken with the model to estimate deficit irrigation and salinity scenarios. Wheat grain yield, biomass production and canopy cover were simulated under deficit and salinity stresses. According to estimation of the model; the deficit irrigation with water reduction of more than 75 % of full irrigation was applied at growth stages of wheat, revealed the significant reduction in grain yield, biomass and canopy cover as compared with full irrigation practice. The increase in irrigation water salinity caused a significant decrease in grain yield and biomass value. It was compared to the 0.5 dS m-1 salinity level, a low value of 3% was obtained for the 5 dS m-1 salinity level. Yield loss of 7.5, 10 and 15 dS m-1 salinity levels were found to be 18.97%, 42.5% and 85.6% respectively. Also, increasing irrigation water depth in saline treatments resulted in increased grain and biomass yield. For sustainable water management in agriculture area, using simulation model such as Aquacrop is useful tolls to estimate effect of applied water depth and quality of irrigation water on crop yield.

3

Gas exchange and yielding of cereal canopies under changing irradiance

88%

Loboda T. , Pietkiewicz S.

Fragmenta Agronomica

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1995

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tom 12

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nr 2

4

Soil tillage in conditions of surface waterlogging

88%

Doneva E. , Shopski N.

Bibliotheca Fragmenta Agronomica

|

1997

|

tom 2A

5

Effect of differentiated phosphorus-potassium fertilization on crop yield under sulphur immission [model tests]

88%

Kiepul J.

Acta Agrophysica

|

2001

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tom 52

EN

The effect of differentiated phosphorus-potassium fertilization on crop yields under simulated immission of sulphur and preventive liming was tested in a five-year pot experiment. The tests were carried out on two kinds of soil: brown (heavy loamy sand) and black earth (medium silty loam). An increased phosphorus-potassium fertilization applied under conditions of a considerable drop in the brown soil reaction brought about by sulphur immission, was found to attenuate depression in the crop yields. Now, at the prolonged sulphur application with a parallel treatment to maintain soil reaction at the level optimum for plants, interaction between sulphur doses and phosphorus-potassium fertilization was found positive. The above process began when the first negative symptoms of the sulphur impact on plants were noticed. In the case of brown soil, it took place in the second, and of black earth only in the last year of the experiment.

6

Enhancement in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) crop yield by water use efficiency under various planting techniques

75%

Ali L. , Anum W. , Hussain G. , Shahid M. I.

Environment, Earth and Ecology

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2017

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tom 1

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nr 2

EN

Six experiments were conducted for the enhancement in seed cotton yield by increasing water use efficiency and water savings in case of different planting methods of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) crop during the years 2014 & 2015, at three different locations in cotton zone of Punjab (Pakistan) province. The planting methods were, flat planting and no earthing up, flat planting and earthing up after 1st irrigation, flat planting and alternate row earthing after 1st irrigation, flat planting in 112.5/37.5 cm apart paired rows and earthing up after 1st irrigation, ridge planting and bed planting. Cotton crop obtained a maximum benefit from the available water at all three locations in case of flat planting with alternate row earthing up (P3) by predicting a maximum water use efficiency up to 6.79 kg ha-1 mm-1and maximum seed cotton yield of 3432.50 kg ha-1. Maximum water savings of 25.60% was recorded in the same method (P3) during the year 2014, while minimum (-0.17%) was observed in ridge planting (P5) at location number 1 in the same year.

7

Szacowanie plonów rzeczywistych z użytków zielonych na podstawie plonów maksymalnych i potencjału wody w glebie

75%

Szajda J. , Łabędzki L.

Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie

|

2016

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tom T. 16, z. 1

93--114

PL

W pracy przedstawiono syntetyczną analizę wyników badań lizymetrycznych plonowania i ewapotranspiracji użytków zielonych w naturalnych warunkach dostatku wody w glebie oraz w warunkach zróżnicowanego potencjału wody w glebach torfowo-murszowych i murszowatych w okresach suszy meteorologicznej umiarkowanej, silnej i ekstremalnej na Polesiu Lubelskim. Stwierdzono, że optymalna wilgotność gleby na użytkach zielonych zapewnia maksymalne plony siana. Plony te w dekadach i okresach IV–V, VI–VII, VIII–IX są uzależnione od czynników meteorologicznych i ewapotranspiracji maksymalnej. W pracy oszacowano aktualne i końcowe maksymalne plony siana w dekadach i okresach IV–V, VI–VII, VIII–IX w zależności od prognozowanych średnich dobowych wartości ewapotranspiracji maksymalnej. Określono wpływ wilgotności gleby na aktualne i końcowe rzeczywiste plony siana za pomocą współczynników glebowo-wodnych ks2 dla dekad i okresów IV– V, VI–VII, VIII–IX w zależności od prognozowanych bezwzględnych wartości potencjału wody glebowej. Oszacowano aktualne i końcowe rzeczywiste plony siana w dekadach i okresach IV–V, VI– VII, VIII–IX na podstawie zmniejszania plonów maksymalnych, wyrażonego wartością współczynników glebowo-wodnych ks2. Oszacowane aktualne i końcowe rzeczywiste plony siana odnoszone do plonów maksymalnych ilustrują wpływ potencjału wody w glebie na dynamikę przyrostu plonu aktualnego i końcowego. Dowodzą one, jak istotne znaczenie dla optymalnego plonowania użytków zielonych ma utrzymywanie optymalnego uwilgotnienia gleby.

EN

The paper presents a synthetic analysis of the results of lysimeter investigations on grassland yield and evapotranspiration under natural sol water supply and different soil water potential in peatmoorsh and moorsh soils, in periods of moderate, severe and extreme meteorological droughts, led in Polesie Lubelskie. It has been proved that the optimum soil moisture ensures the maximum hay field from grassland. Yields are dependent on meteorological factors and the maximum evapotranspiration. In the study current and final maximum hay yields are estimated in dependence on predicted maximum mean in 10-day and periods IV–V, VI–VII, VIII–IX evapotranspiration. Effect of soil moisture on current and final actual hay yield is quantified using soil-water coefficients ks2 for decades and periods IV–V, VI–VII, VIII–IX depending on soil water potential. Current and final actual hay yield is estimated by reduction of maximum yield by soil-water coefficients ks2. These yields related to maximum yield show the effect of soil water potential on the actual and final growth dynamics. They prove as important for optimal yield of grassland is maintaining high soil moisture.

8

Overexpression of stress-related genes in Cuscuta campestris in response to host defense reactions

75%

Rezaei H. , Alamisaeed K. , Moslemkhani C.

BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology

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2017

|

tom 98

|

nr 2

9

The relation between crop yield and consumption of mineral fertilisers in Slovakia over the last decade

75%

Torma S.

Nawozy i Nawożenie

|

2000

|

tom 02

|

nr 3b

10

Ocena uproszczeń uprawowych w aspekcie ich energo- i czasochłonności oraz plonowania roślin

75%

Białczyk W. , Cudzik A. , Koryło S.

Inżynieria Rolnicza

|

2008

|

tom R. 12, nr 4(102)

75-80

PL

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań nad pracochłonnością wykonywania zabiegów uprawowych oraz zużycia paliwa w czasie uprawy gleby i roślin metodą tradycyjną oraz z zastosowaniem uproszczeń. Analizowano również wielkość plonów następujących roślin: jęczmień jary, pszenica ozima, kukurydza uzyskiwanych w poszczególnych technologiach uprawy. Badania wykazały, że eliminacja orki pozwala ograniczyć ok. 20 l oleju napędowego na uprawę 1 ha gleby. Stosowanie uproszczeń uprawowych korzystnie wpływa na plonowanie kukurydzy.

EN

The paper presents the results of studies on time consumed by agricultural practices as well as on fuel consumption during soil cultivation and plant growing by a traditional method and with the use of simplifications. Yields of spring barley, winter wheat and maize, obtained using the individual cultivation technologies were analyzed as well. It has been found that by eliminating the ploughing it is possible to save more or less 20 liters of diesel oil per hectare of soil. The use of cultivation simplifications favourably affects maize yield.

11

Sulphur as a fertiliser component determining crop yield and quality

75%

Skwierawska M. , Benedycka Z. , Jankowski K. , Skwierawski A.

Journal of Elementology

|

2016

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tom 21

|

nr 2

EN

The aim of this paper was to review 100 years of Polish studies on sulphur fertilisation and its effects on the growth and development of plants, the chemical composition and impact of sulphur compounds on the health of plants, and its fungicidal activity. In the reviewed studies sulphur deficiency generally delayed vegetative growth, caused the dying out of the growth cone, yellow discolouration of the generative and vegetative organs and delayed maturation. Observations of plants have demonstrated that sulphur is essential for normal photosynthetic functions. Plants suffering from a lack or shortage of sulphur had pale green or yellowish, narrow, short and small leaves, and a smaller than normal root system, which was associated with reduced chlorophyll synthesis. The availability of sulphur was found to enatil an improved uptake of nitrogen by plants, thus affecting their quality and optimising the N:S ratio. Fertilisation with sulphur increased the total content of sulphur and sulphates in plants. Findings from studies on the effect of sulphur on the content of macroelements in tested plants are inconclusive. Sulphur used in excess disturbed the ionic balance in plants and indirectly affected the intensity and level of uptake of other nutrients. The results of studies investigating the impact of sulphur on changes in the content of heavy metals were ambiguous and demonstrated either synergistic or antagonistic interactions. Generally, sulphur fertilisation increased the content of glucosinolates in plants and improved their nutritional value. Most studies also showed that sulphur fertilisation improved the disease resistance of plants. Some studies have also demonstrated an increased content of glucosinolates in plants fertilised with sulphur, which stimulated natural resistance to fungal infections.

12

The study of the fertilising power of urban sludge from the Dar Gueddari Wastewater Treatment Plant : Case of maize (Zea mays)

75%

Griou H. , Njimat S. , El Fettahi F. , Ait Lhaj Lhcen S. , Aboulouafa M. , Ibn Ahmed S.

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2023

|

tom no. 56

37--44

EN

The objective of this study is to recover sludge from the Dar Gueddari sewage treatment plant and use it in the cultivation of corn in the open field on clay soil. To do this, four doses were tested against two types of controls: a control without addition of sludge and another with the addition of nitrogen-based fertilisers (200 kg N, 100 kg P and 100 kg K). The short-term effects indicated that the application of the sludge had a beneficial effect on the fertilising qualities of the soil and therefore on the crop yield. The monitoring of the agronomic parameters of the maize plant showed that the growths and the yields varied according to doses of the sludge. In grain yield, the difference between plot E4 and E0 was around 3.3 Mg∙ha-1. In addition, the plots treated with large sludge doses experienced improvements in total nitrogen and organic matter. During the second season, the results obtained showed decrease in nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus). It emerged from the C:N ratio which was <8. This indicated a good mineralisation of the organic matter (OM) which was average of 2.48 ±0.04% and 2.5 ±0.01%, respectively in the E4 and E5 treatments. In addition, the amounts of N, P and Ca in dry matter (DM) increased with increasing the dose of sludge. During the 2017 season, the highest values were detected in plot E5 with averages of 1.6% in N and 0.53% in P.

13

Drivers of Cereal Production Efficiency Improvement in Kazakhstan – the Case of the Kostanay Region

75%

Uteulin V. , Zhientaev S.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2022

|

tom Vol. 23, nr 10

1--10

EN

The COVID-19 outbreak has seriously affected the global food security at a time when it was significantly compromised by the effects of climate change and armed conflicts. The impact of the pandemic and quarantine restrictions imposed in response to the deadly virus brought humanity face-to-face with a new threat – that of food insecurity – which contributed to a high social demand for state-of-the-art methods of improving the cereal production efficiency. The aim of the study is to develop and implement a methodological approach to enhancing the cereal production efficiency. The methodology of the study relies on time series that made it possible to determine the main trends in regional cereal production and make projections. Application of the suggested approach in the Kostanay region revealed that this region was among the key cereal producers in the country. In 2019, the region was affected by extreme weather, which caused a sharp decline in cereal production. The present study, however, projects large opportunities for cereal production growth in the region and a significant increase in cereal production in the future. In addition, the paper suggests the following action plan to improve efficiency of the cereal production sector in the Kostanay region: streamlining of state support arrangements for cereal producers; development of affordable crop insurance products; systemic steps to increase cereal yields; development of logistic infrastructure; comprehensive monitoring of cereal production to develop a system of rapid response to changes in the external environment.

14

Crop Yields under Climate Variability and No-Tillage System in Dry Areas of Morocco

75%

Moussadek R. , Laghrour M. , Mrabet R. , Van Ranst E.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

|

2023

|

tom Vol. 24, iss. 1

221--232

EN

In Morocco, the intensive use of agricultural land coupled with irregular precipitation is a serious threat to the country’s food security. Conservation agriculture especially no-tillage (NT) system has shown an important result in the semi-arid regions of Morocco, but its dissemination to other, more humid, agro-ecological zones (precipitation > 350 mm) is still low. For this purpose, a field experiment under NT system has been installed since 2004 in the Zaer Plateau (Central Morocco) to study the adaptation of this system to the irregular rainfall compared to a conventional tillage (CT). Yields (grain and biomass) of crops (wheat and lentil) under NT and CT were analyzed and compared over the years of study. The ANOVA test showed that yields over the seven years were significantly different and that both crop yields under NT system were greater than or equal to those under CT system even though lentil is more vulnerable to extreme climate events under CT and NT systems. Unlike NT, yields under CT were significantly correlated with the rainfall amount received during the crop cycle. This indicates the dependence of CT precipitation, whereas NT is more adaptable to the irregularities of the climate in the study area.

15

Effect of soil compaction on root growth and crop yield in Central and Eastern Europe

75%

Lipiec J. , Medvedev V. V. , Birkas M. , Dumitru E. , Lyndina T. E. , Rousseva S. , Fulajtar E.

International Agrophysics

|

2003

|

tom 17

|

nr 2

16

How to improve modelling the spatial variation of durum wheat yield by using soil tillage information as soft information

75%

Castrignano A. , Stelluti M. , De Giorgio D.

Bibliotheca Fragmenta Agronomica

|

1997

|

tom 2A

17

The response of sugarcane to harvesting traffic

75%

Braunack M. V. , Hakansson I.

Bibliotheca Fragmenta Agronomica

|

1997

|

tom 2A

18

Experiments with direct drilling in Hungary - impacts on soil condition, weed infestation and crop yields

75%

Birkas M. , Nyarai F. , Szalai T.

Bibliotheca Fragmenta Agronomica

|

1997

|

tom 2A

19

Effect of conventional and organic farming on crop yielding and water erosion intensity on sloping farmland

63%

Klima K. , Pula J. , Kliszcz A.

Agronomy Science

|

2022

|

tom 77

|

nr 3

20

Effect of exogenous growth regulators on crop yield, assimilation pigment content and stomatal index in soya bean (Glycine max

63%

Woźniak A. , Stolarska A. , Wróbel J. , Marska B.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A

|

2008

|

tom Vol. 15, nr 4-5

429-434

EN

The aim of this study was to determine the crop yield, leaf assimilation pigment content and stomata number per l mm2 of lower leaf blade epiderm area after application of gibberellic acid (GAJ with 6-benzoaminopurine and indolilo-3-acetic acid mixture. All growth regulators were applied in three concentrations, ie 10, 30 and 50 mg . l-I for indolilo-3-acetic acid and 6-benzoaminopurine and 40, 80 and 120 mg . 1-1 for gibberellic acid. The applied growth regulators brought about a reduction in the number of pods per plant and a decrease in the dry and fresh matter of pods and seeds per plant. All growth regulator mixtures applied affected the reduction of total chlorophyll content in soya bean leaves; however they did not have a significant effect on the number of stomata per I mm2 of lower leaf blade epiderm is area.

PL

Celem badań było określenie plonowania, zawartości barwników asymilacyjnych w liściach oraz liczby aparatów szparkowych na 1 mm2 dolnej epidermy blaszki liściowej po zastosowaniu mieszanin kwasu giberelinowego (GA,) z 6-benzyloaminopuryną oraz kwasem indolilo-3-octowym. Wszystkie regulatory wzrostu stosowano w trzech stężeniach, przy czym kwas indolilo-3-octowy oraz 6-benzyoaminopurynę w stężeniu 10, 30, 50 mg . 1 dm-' natomiast kwas giberelinowy w stężeniu 40, 80, 120 mg . 1 dm-'. Zastosowane regulatory wzrostu spowodowały redukcję liczby strąków na roślinie oraz spadek suchej, świeżej masy strąków i nasion z rośliny. Wszystkie mieszaniny zastosowanych regulatorów wzrostu wpłynęły na redukcję chlorofilu całkowitego w liściach soi, jednak nie miały one istotnego wpływu na liczbę aparatów szparkowych na 1 mm2 dolnej powierzchni epidermy blaszki liściowej.