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EN
n this study, antioxidant radical scavenging capacity and total carotenoid content in the meat and shells of Pontastacus leptodactylus were investigated. Concerning the antioxidant scavenging effect, the highest IC50 values were found to be 388.77 mg g-1 and 155.53 mg g-1 for females and males in July and March, respectively. The mean IC50 values of the meat were calculated as 239.83 mg g-1 and 105.21 mg g-1 for females and males, respectively. The mean total carotenoid content in the meat was found to be 14.35 and 12.78 μg g-1 for females and males, respectively. The results indicated that crayfish meat had antioxidant radical scavenging capacity and was rich in carotenoid content.
EN
Crayfish are valuable invertebrates that are constantly in great demand in all corners of the Earth. Breeding crayfish is not only large-scale production as it can also be arranged in small volumes using pools and installations of closed water supply. Cultivation of crayfish generates profit after a certain period of time, if all biotechnological norms of cultivation are considered. Cultivation of crayfish is a rather promising production, in which it is possible to obtain from 200 to 300% of stable profits during 3–4 years old. The article gives an overview of the technology of growing crayfish, taking into account the characteristics of farming in Ukraine. The basic biotechnological stages of the establishment and operation of the economy are determined, calculations of capital expenditures for the establishment of the economy are presented and the profitability of the project for the production of freshwater crayfish is determined. Cultivation of river crayfish makes it possible to obtain environmentally friendly products that can compete on the markets of Ukraine or EU countries. Also, this way of growing crayfish allows getting stocking material for release in natural reservoirs in order to restore the populations of river crayfish.
EN
A terrestrial crustacean, the crayfish, creates widespread fine-scale landforms (mounds or "chimneys") on the floodplain of the Roanoke River in eastern North Carolina, U.S.A. These mounds are typically 12 cm high and 8 cm in diameter, and are composed of extremely high concentrations of clay. Non-crayfish-affected soils on the floodplain, regardless of coarser-scale landform type, are dominated by sand, illustrating that crayfish are a primary mechanism for concentrating clay and creating spatial heterogeneity on the floodplain.
PL
Jaka piękna okolica! Lasek, wartki strumyk, szum wody, błogi spokój. Często w takich okolicznościach nawet nie będziemy świadomi, że obok toczy się wyniszczająca wojna biologiczna, z użyciem broni zakazanej w ludzkich wojnach.
EN
The authors investigated the mycoflora developing on the carapace, muscles, brain and eggs of four species of crayfish. At total of 70 aquatic fungi was noted. Three species are new records for Poland. The highest number of fungus species develop on all body parts of crayfish in September, the lowest number in April.
EN
Considering high nutritive value and sensory qualities, the products manufactured of marine invertebrates are a desirable component of human diet. These products enjoy an increasing demand in Poland. However, considerable accumulation of chlorine- organic pollutants in the tissues of marine animals may pose a threat for consumers. The study included determination of the content of PCB congeners (28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153, and 180 according to IUPAC) in tinned and pickled seafood products purchased in Szczecin’s fishshops. In all examined products the analysed congeners were found, only in “Octopus in vegetable oil” PCB 138 was not detected. The highest content, 13.8 μg-kg_l m.m. (99.237 μg-kg’1 lipids), was recorded for PCB congener 153 in “Squid in American sauce”. The lowest residue levels were found for PCB 101 (0.002 to 0.07 μg-kg'1 m.m.). The highest percentage (from among analysed congeners) in majority of examined products was found for PCB 153 (to 95% in “Octopus in vegetable oil”) and PCB 180 (to 58% in “Pickled mussels”). The lowest percentage was stated for PCB congeners 101 (to 2.2% in “Shrimps natural”) and 52 (to 9.9% in “Greenland shrimps in brine”).
PL
Przetwory z bezkręgowców morskich, ze względu na wysoką wartość żywieniową i walory sensoryczne, są pożądanym składnikiem diety człowieka. Produkty te cieszą się rosnącym popytem w Polsce. Jednak znaczne kumulowanie się zanieczyszczeń chloroorganicznych w tkankach zwierząt morskich może stanowić niebezpieczeństwo dla konsumentów. Badania obejmowały określenie zawartości kongenerów wskaźnikowych PCB (o numerach według 1UPAC 28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153, 180) w konserwach i marynatach z owoców morza, zakupionych w szczecińskim handlu detalicznym. Analizę chromatograficzną wykonano w aparacie GC HP 6890 D 5973 z kolumną CPS1L8 CB LOW BLEED (60 m x 250 pm x 0,25 pm). We wszystkich badanych produktach stwierdzono obecność analizowanych kongenerów, nie wykryto jedynie PCB 138 w „Ośmiomicach w oleju roślinnym”. Spośród badanego asortymentu, największą zawartość - 13,8 μgkg'1 m.m. (99,237 μg-kg'1 lipidów) notowano dla kongeneru PCB 153 w „Kalmarach w sosie amerykańskim”. Najniższe poziomy pozostałości stwierdzono dla PCB 101 (od 0,002 do 0,07 μg-kg'1 m.m.). Największym udziałem procentowym (spośród 7 analizowanych kongenerów wskaźnikowych) w większości produktów charakteryzował się PCB 153 (do 95% w „Ośmiornicach w oleju roślinnym”) oraz PCB 180 (do 58% w „Małżach marynowanych”). Natomiast najmniejszy udział procentowy miały kongenery PCB 101 (do 2,2% w „Krewetkach w sosie własnym”) i PCB 52 (do 9,9% w „Krewetkach ziemnowodnych w zalewie”)
EN
The North American spiny-cheek crayfish, Orconectes limosus (Cambaridae), endangered in its native range, is a widespread invasive species in European waters and conservationally important carrier of crayfish plague. However, its population structure is poorly known, and no informative genetic markers for the species are available. We tested cross-species transfer of microsatellite loci to spiny-cheek crayfish from 5 other crayfish species. Variability of 10 successfully amplifying loci derived from 4 species was then tested in 60 individuals of O. limosus originating from 3 natural populations: the river Danube at Bogyiszló in Hungary, a pond in Starý Klíčov, and the brook Černovický, both in the Czech Republic. The allele number within the populations ranged from 4 to 10 alleles per locus, while heterozygosity levels varied from 0.650 to 0.900 for Ho and from 0.660 to 0.890 for He. No linkage disequilibrium and no null alleles were detected. The selected markers are useful for assessing population structure, intraspecific variation, and paternity studies in spiny-cheek crayfish.
EN
The results of studies on the effects of low molecular weight acidic solution peptides on the growth and development of the marbled crayfish artificial cultivation.An increasing weights of juvenile freshwater crayfish under the influence of dietary supplement "Albuvir" drug. With the use of histological methods of research, found the impact of 0.01 % solution of the drug on the state of the marbled crayfish lobules of hepatopancreas and fat cells. Developed a method for growing juvenile freshwater crayfish with "Albuvir", which allows to increase the weight gain of crustaceans on 24.3–27.2 % and reduce the level of cannibalism at 20 %.
EN
Aphanomyces astaci is a fungus-like oomycete agent responsible for an illness called crayfish plague, reaching 100% mortality in infected animals. Therefore, the aim of the work was to detect and estimate the rate of infection of spiny-cheek crayfish (Orconectes limosus) by A. astaci in selected water reservoirs of north-western Poland, as this crayfish is described as a main cause of crayfish plague. The material for the study were 54 spinycheek crayfish individuals from 3 sites in Poland: Trzebiocha River, Lake Sominko and Lake Dąbie. A total of 162 samples (muscle samples were taken from abdomen, legs and carapace) were taken and used for DNA extraction followed by PCR and bidirectional sequencing of 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene. The electrophoretic separation of the PCR products confirmed the presence of A. astaci in 17 samples (Trzebiocha River and Lake Dąbie). Lake Sominko proved to be a zone free of the investigated pathogen. The collected information on the presence or absence of A. astaci in the investigated reservoirs might be used for restocking purposes.
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