Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Česká verze škály Experiences in Close Relationships (ECR) : pilotní studie posouzení vztahové vazby v dospělosti

100%

Lečbych M. , Pospíšilíková K.

E-psychologie (E-psychology)

|

2012

|

tom 6

|

nr 3

1-11

EN

The attachment theory has been regarded as an influential approach in developmental and clinical psychology. Our study is focused on the proposal of a Czech translation of the Experiences in Close Relationships scale (ECR), which is one of the authoritative instruments to measure the two basic dimensions of attachment (attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance) in adulthood. We tried to conduct the translation procedure in accordance with methodology of other European studies (Alonso-Arbiol et al. 2007, 2008). In our pilot study we compared the self-assessment results of Czech and American psychology students. We also investigated the internal consistency of the Czech version of the ECR. We found no statistically significant differences between the Czech and American groups, which partially supports the assumption of cultural transferability of the ECR. This finding proved consistent with similar previous studies in European countries. We also gained relatively satisfactory coefficients in the internal consistency. In the discussion we point out the problematic areas of the translation and suggest possible incentives for further development of the scale.

CS

Teorie vztahové vazby (attachment) patří mezi vlivné koncepce vývojové a klinické psychologie. V naší studii jsme se soustředili na návrh českého překladu škály Experiences in Close Relationships (ECR), která patří mezi autoritativní nástroje měření dvou základních dimenzí vztahové vazby (úzkostnosti a vyhýbavosti) v dospělosti. Snažili jsme se postupovat v souladu s metodikou překladu, která byla využita v jiných evropských zemích (Alonso-Arbiol et al. 2007, 2008). V rámci pilotní studie jsme se rozhodli porovnat výsledky sebehodnocení českých a amerických studentů psychologie. Zjišťovali jsme taktéž vnitřní konzistenci českého překladu škály. Mezi souborem českých a amerických studentů psychologie jsme nezjistili žádné statisticky signifikantní rozdíly, což částečně podporuje předpoklad o kulturní přenositelnosti škály. Toto zjištění je v souladu s dosavadními výsledky podobných studií v evropských zemích. Dospěli jsme také k relativně uspokojivým koeficientům vnitřní konsistence. V diskusi upozorňujeme na problematická místa překladu a navrhujeme podněty pro další možný vývoj této škály.

2

A study of the effect of training pregnant women about attachment skills on infants’ motor development indices at birth to four months

94%

Dokuhaki A. , Akbarzadeh M. , Pishava N. , Zare N.

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

|

2017

|

nr 2

114-122

3

Resonance contributions to low-energy electron collisions with molecular hydrogen

94%

Horáček J. , Čížek M. , Houfek K. , Kolorenč P. , Pichl L.

Nukleonika

|

2003

|

tom Vol. 48, nr 2

109-112

EN

Calculations of electron dissociative attachment and vibrational excitation of molecular hydrogen by low-energy electrons based on an improved nonlocal resonance model are reported. The role of the rotational excitation of the target molecules is discussed.

4

Vzťahová väzba a agresívne prejavy v období mladšej dospelosti- "čiastkové výsledky"

94%

Lorincová T.

Psychologie a její kontexty

|

2014

|

tom 5

|

nr 1

29-38

EN

The main topic of the contribution was comparison between retrospective attachment (emocional warmth and rejection) and aggressive manifestations (physical aggressivness, verbal aggressivness, anger and hostility) among younger adulthood. Bowlby's theory of attachment was that once a core attachment style develops in an infant, it will influence and shape the nature of all intimate relations for the individual moving forward throughout the infant's life cycle. Authors Mikulincer and Shaver (2011) explain how these primary attachment experiences would affect future emotional, cognitive and behavioral processes. Secure adolescents, in comparison to insecure ones are perceived as being less aggressive. Research has pointed out that secure parental attachment promotes adaptive psychological functioning. The direct relationship between attachment security and aggressive/delinquent behaviour is in line with prior evidence that secure adolescents rate higher in terms of emotional and social adjustment, enjoy more positive relationships with their family and peers, and are less likely to engage in externalizing problems, such as antisocial and aggressive behaviours. On the other hand, insecure attachment is connected with aggressive and externalizing behaviour. Hypotheses were formulated on the base of theoretical background and our assumption was, that younger adults with emocional warmth attachment will have lower level of aggressive manifestations (physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger and hostility) than younger adults with rejectional attachment. We used two standardized questionnaires for data collection, s.E.M.B.U. Questionnaire, which measured retrospective attachment (emocional warmth and rejection) and Questionnaire of Aggressivness, which measured aggressive manifestations. We used statistical analysis and we found statistically significant differencies, which are preliminary findings from broader research, between emocional warmth attachment and rejectional attachment in physical aggressivness with F = 13,53 , anger with F = 11,23 and hostility with F = 24,96 and in all cases was statistical significance p ≤ 0,05. We did not find significant differencies between emocional warmth attachment and rejectional attachment in verbal aggressivness with p = 0,13 a F = 2,12. Hypotheses were confirmed and it is possible to agree with previous researches, that secure attachment or emocionally warmth attchment is associated with appropriately and insecure attachment or rejectional attachment is associated with aggressive behaviour.

5

Mała forma, wielkie znaczenie. Miejsca i obiekty świadczące o szczególnej identyfikacji ludzi z krajobrazem

94%

Krug D.

Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

|

2017

|

tom 17

86-102

EN

The article deals with ways of expressing identification of people with the residential environment and their attachment to the place. The research has shown that in the space there are present objects voluntarily produced by the inhabitants. Public spaces are “decorated” or “adapted” to the residents’ own tastes and needs, which may be a sign of their growing into or identifying with the landscape. The inventoried items have been denominated as objects and places of special identification of people with the landscape. The impact of the elements on the environment is so enormous, despite their different character and often small size, that they constitute details enriching the landscape reception and thus should be taken into account during landscape research.

6

Dilemmas concerning support for foster families based on research from the Czech Republic

94%

Fabián P.

Praca Socjalna

|

2018

|

tom 33(2)

21-30

EN

The following article aims to present the contemporary situation of foster care in the Czech Republic. The overall situation contributes to many dilemmas that occur as new situations arise in the foster care system and in the context of children living outside the family home. Children ought to be given a possibility to develop their personality. The process, however, can be disturbed in their family home. The presented dilemmas can cause danger to children or become a promise of a good start in their adult life.

7

Vzťahová väzba ako korelát zvládania hádok v romantickom partnerskom vzťahu

94%

Halama P. , Mazureková J.

Psychologie a její kontexty

|

2013

|

tom 4

|

nr 2

15-26

EN

The study focused on the relationships between dimensions of attachment and strategies of solving quarrels in romantic relationships. Sample of 224 respondents living in romantic relationship answered Experience in close relationship questionnaire (ECR-R) and Relationship Questionnaire (RQ) for measuring attachment as well as Coping Strategies Inventory (CSI) adapted for measuring strategies used during quarrels in romantic relationship. The results showed that secure attachment correlated positively with constructive strategies of coping with quarrels as problem solving and cognitive restructuring. On the other hand, insecure attachment styles was related to non-constructive ways of coping with quarrels as escape, problem avoidance of searching for social support in other people but partner. The results contributed to understanding of attachment as important factor of communication in romantic partnership.

8

DEVELOPMENT AND EVOLUTION: EVOLUTIONARY APPROACH IN PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND PSYCHOTHERAPY

94%

Péley B.

Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)

|

2010

|

tom 65

|

nr 1

65-83

EN

The paper argues that an evolutionary approach would contribute to a better understanding of development. Analyzing adaptive mechanisms and their dysfunctions, new ways can be opened in categorizing mental disorders and also in therapies. The evolutionary approach does not mean to introduce new theories or therapeutic methodologies into psychotherapy. Instead it suggests new strategies of understanding based on the laws of human nature. It places pathology onto the dimension of adaptation. It claims that developmental history and adaptation should be considered when understanding pathology. The paper also argues that a diagnostics which is based on categorization of symptoms should be replaced by a diagnostics which concentrates on organization of adaptive systems.

9

Problémy s přizpůsobením a prostředí ústavní péče

94%

Novotný J. S.

Psychologie a její kontexty

|

2015

|

tom 6

|

nr 2

37-48

EN

Problem: Residential care environment represents a specific social space that is associated with a number of negative consequences, covering most aspects of children and youth functioning. The paper analyzes of the presence of adjustment problems among adolescents from institutional care environment and compares this results with a population of adolescents who grew up in a family. Methods: The sample consisted of two groups of adolescents. The first group included 285 adolescents currently growing up in an residential care environment, aged 13 to 21 (M = 16.23, SD = 1.643). The second group consisted of 214 adolescents growing up in a family, aged 15 to 20 (M = 17.07, SD = 1.070). We used a questionnaire Youth Self Report. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and MANOVA. Results: Results showed that adolescents in residential care exhibit higher average values in all adjustment problems. Also, in the context of diagnostic categories are the residential care adolescents more frequently in non-normal range (borderline and clinical), primarily in the border range. The greatest differences were reflected in the Thought problems and Rule-breaking behavior. MANOVA showed a significant multivariate effect between groups of adolescents, Hotelling's T = .803, F(8, 490) = 49.202, p <.001, d = .445 (large effect). Univariate analysis further showed a significant effect for Withdrawn/depressed (p = .044, d = .089, small effect), Somatic complaints (p = .002, d = .139, medium effect), Social problems (p = 004, d = .127, a small effect), Thought problems (p <.001, d = .633, strong effect), Attention problems (p <.001, d = .320,strong effect), Rule-breaking behavior (p <.001 , d = .383, strong effect), and Aggressive behavior (p = 015, d = .110, small effect). Results for the dimension of Anxious/depressed were not significant (p = .159). Discussion: The results didn’t confirmed the assumption that more than 30% of residential care adolescents have adjustment problems in the clinical range. Overall, the results do not correspond with previous findings, which describes more frequent presence of various adjustment problems. More frequently occur only the thought problems and rule-breaking behavior. Hyperactivity and cognitive problems are indicated as typical for residential care children, with wider causes in the emotional development. Problems with rule-breaking behavior have most likely a complex background. MANOVA analysis confirmed the finding that there is a significant difference between groups, but in most cases only with small effect. The residential care environment in the Czech Republic thus can be evaluated as functional, regarding its purpose and function. Conclusion: The results showed the differences in the presence of adjustment problems in adolescents growing up in the family and in institutional care, but also pointed to the fact that these differences are in most cases only small. The current state of the residential care environment in terms of adjustment problems can be evaluated as quite positive.

10

Associations between Psychosocial Well-being and the Development of Beneficial Time Perspectives

94%

Temple E. C.

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Psychologica

|

2013

|

tom 6

72-87

EN

A growing body of research suggests that some time perspective orientations are more beneficial than others with regard to well-being. However, little is known about the factors affecting the development of these time perspectives. This gap in the research was addressed through two studies. Study 1 (N = 218; M = 29.8 years, SD = 11.45) identified ZTPI past positive (PP) as a beneficial time perspective and past negative (PN) as a detrimental time perspective. Structural equation modelling was then used in Study 2 (N = 443; M = 31.2 years, SD = 13.0) to develop two models of the associations between attachment orientation, basic psychological need satisfaction and PP and PN, respectively. While anxious and avoidant attachment orientation were associated with both PP and PN, the three basic psychological needs were differentially associated. The findings of these studies suggest the importance of early childhood care to the development of beneficial time perspectives.

11

Zmysel pre integritu a vzťahová väzba u adolescentov

94%

Popelková M.

Psychologie a její kontexty

|

2012

|

tom 3

|

nr 2

39-45

EN

The paper deals with the concept of a sense of integrity as one of the important characteristics of resilience in relation to perceived attachment to parents and peers. The 254 adolescents aged 15-18 years Antonovsky's Life orientation questionnaire and Armsden and Greenberg's Emotional ties questionnaire were applied. Correlation analysis showed a significant association between sense of coherence and perceived quality of relationships with parents and peers. The findings emphasize the importance and significance of the life orientation of adolescents.

12

Attachment style, love components and sociosexual orientation of men and women in different types of heterosexual relationships

94%

Greszta E. , Jastrzębski J. , Izdebski Z. , Kowalska-Dąbrowska M. , Januszkiewicz A.

Polskie Forum Psychologiczne

|

2016

|

tom XXI

|

nr 4

490-513

EN

This study aimed to define psychological determinants of choosing heterosexual relationship type. In this purpose three groups of participants have been compared, representing different types of relationships (Friends With Benefits – FWB, short-term relationships, lasting shorter than 12 months and long-term relationships, lasting longer than 12 months) with respect to the attachment styles, passion, intimacy and commitment and sociosexual orientation. 90 individuals participated in the study (15 women and 15 men in each group). They completed three questionnaires: Attachment Style Questionnaire by Mieczysław Plopa (2008), Love Measurement Questionnaire and Sociosexual Orientation Inventory Questionnaire SOI-R by Penke and Asendorpf (2008). Results of the univariate analysis of variance indicated, that individuals in short-term and long-term relationships showed higher intensity of the secure attachment style and higher level of intimacy and commitment, while persons in FWB relationships showed higher intensity of the avoidant attachment style and non-restrictive sociosexual orientation. No statistically significant differences have been observed between the groups with respect to the intensity of the anxious/ambivalent attachment style and the level of passion.

13

Attachment and alexithymia are related, but mind-mindedness does not mediate this relationship

94%

Szpak M. , Białecka-Pikul M.

Polish Psychological Bulletin

|

2015

|

tom 46

|

nr 2

217-222

EN

The main aim of the study was to check: (a) attachment-related differences in alexithymia and (b) the mediating role of mind-mindedness in attachment-alexithymia relationship. Method: Attachment (PAM; Berry et al., 2007), alexithymia (TAS-20; Bagby, Taylor, & Parker, 1994) and mind-mindedness (“describe your friend” method; Meins et al, 2008) were measured in the sample of 128 Polish undergraduates. Results: Positive associations were seen between attachment anxiety and overall alexithymia scores and difficulty identifying emotions. Attachment avoidance was positively associated with overall alexithymia score, difficulty describing feelings and externally oriented thinking. Mind-mindedness was not related to neither attachment or alexithymia. Conclusion: There are attachment-related differences in alexithymia, but mind-mindedness seems not to mediate attachment-alexithymia relationship.

14

Effect of some characteristics of fathers on paternal-infant attachment in the postpartum period

94%

Kaba G. , Çoban S. A.

European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

|

2023

|

nr 1

73-80

EN

Introduction and aim. The paternal attachment can affect the academic, social and emotional development of the child in the future. The study was conducted in a descriptive-cross-sectional design to determine the impacts of some characteristics of fathers on paternal attachment. Material and method. The study was conducted with 278 fathers who had 3-12 months old infants. The data were collected by using the “Father Information Form” and the “Postnatal Paternal-Infant Attachment Questionnaire (PPAQ)”. Results. It was found in the present that the mean PPAQ score of the fathers who were exposed to domestic violence in their childhood was significantly lower than those who were not (p=0.001). The mean PPAQ score of the fathers whose infant was born by cesarean section (p=0.017) and who had physical contact for the first 24 hours (p=0.047) was found to be significantly higher. The mean PPAQ score was significantly higher in fathers who had a physical contact duration of 7 hours or more than those with less physical contact durations (p=0.030). Conclusion. In this study, some characteristics of fathers were found to affect father-infant attachment. It may be recommended to plan preventive interventions for risky fathers.

15

Przywiązanie i satysfakcja z realizacji zadań rozwojowych w bliskich związkach a zachowania agresywne między partnerami

94%

Malina A. , Suwalska D.

|

nr 2

71-86

EN

The article presents research on the frequently observed problem of aggression and violence in relationship. The authors point out the role of represented attachment style for the quality of relationships of young adults and the appearance of aggressive behaviors. At the same time they suggest that the role overload that occurs during early adulthood may lead to lower satisfaction with the implementation of the developmental tasks of this period – which in turn may result in a tendency to aggressive behavior. The aim of this study was to investigate the specific needs of young adults in partnership given their attachment style, satisfaction with the developmental tasks associated with family life and the expression of aggressive behavior. The main research problem was therefore the relationship between attachment style and the level of aggression and the relationship between the level of aggression and satisfaction with the implementation of developmental tasks. The study was conducted with the use of Kwestionariusz Stylów Przywiązaniowych (KSP) Mieczyslawa Plopy, Kwestionariusz Agresji (BPAQ) A. Buss and M. Perry and Skala Satysfakcji z Realizacji Zadań Rozwojowych (prepared by the authors). The study involved 45 pairs in different forms of relationship. The study confirmed the relationship between represented attachment style and the level of aggression and the relationship between satisfaction with the developmental tasks and the level of partners aggression towards each other.

16

Attachment styles of young adults – in search for the correlates of mental health

94%

Wawiórko A. , Zabłocka-Żytka L.

Psychologia Wychowawcza

|

2018

|

tom 55(13)

121-130

EN

Attachment styles have been analysed in the context of development and functioning of children for decades. It seems interesting to analyse the attachment styles also in the context of adult life and psychological well-being. The article presents own research concerning the relationship between the attachment styles and mental health among young adults. There were 96 participants, 60 females and 36 males. The Attachment Styles Questionnaire, the General Health Questionnaire (GHO-28), and an authorial survey were used. A statistical analysis showed a positive correlation between anxiousambivalent attachment style and somatic symptoms, unrest, depression symptoms, and avoidant behaviours. A secure attachment style correlated negatively with depression symptoms.

17

Neurodevelopmental disorders of children as the challenging context of caregiving and attachment development: an example of children with FAS/FASD

94%

Palicka I. , Klecka M. , Przybyło J.

Polskie Forum Psychologiczne

|

2016

|

tom XXI

|

nr 4

555-571

EN

The mutual mother – infant interaction activates simultaneously two systems: attachment system and caregiving system. It guarantees survival to a newborn and contributes to its optimal development – social, emotional and cognitive. According to the theory of John Bowlby (1969, 2007) a child has natural innate mechanisms such as crying, clinging, sucking, smiling, calling, and following. These mechanisms activates the caregiving system in the mother. In this theoretical paper, we aim to present how the neurodevelopmental disorder having its roots in brain damage can modify the original attachment behavior by causing difficulties in attuning to the caregiver and interfering with caregiving system activation. The authors’ clinical experience shows that FAS/FASD often correlates with attachment disorder. FAS can be both the cause of difficulties and reinforcement of the environmental factors which impair attachment. In a clinical picture FAS and attachment disorder influence each other, resulting in behavioural and emotional disorder.

18

Surface roughness in bubble attachment and flotation of highly hydrophobic solids in presence of frother – experiment and simulations

83%

Kosior D. , Kowalczuk P. B. , Zawala J.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

|

2018

|

tom Vol. 54, iss. 1

63--72

EN

In this paper, the kinetic of the three-phase contact (TPC) formation and the flotation recovery of highly hydrophobic solids with different surface roughness were studied in pure water and aqueous solutions of n-octanol. The surface roughness varied between 1 to 100 μm. It was found that there was a strong influence of surface roughness on both kinetics of TPC formation and flotation. The time of three phase contact formation and flotation rate were much faster for rough surfaces in both water and aqueous solutions of frother. Irrespective of the surface roughness, at above a certain frother dose, the attachment time increased and the flotation rate decreased. It was related to the presence of air at the hydrophobic solid surfaces. The mechanism of this prolongation of the time of TPC formation at the solid surfaces with different roughness due to the frother overdosage was discussed, and the experimental data were confirmed by numerical simulations.

19

Rané maladaptívne schémy, attachment a stratégie zvládania stresu u klinickej a neklinickej populácie

83%

Medalová K. , Procházka R.

E-psychologie (E-psychology)

|

2014

|

tom 8

|

nr 4

11-22

EN

Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMS) are emotional patterns, developed during childhood and elaborated throughout one's lifetime. Triggering a schema activates the amygdala system, which can lead to anxiety and maladaptive behaviour in adulthood. In our research (N=87) we analysed the relationship between EMS, adult attachment dimensions, the partnership satisfaction and the negative coping styles in a sample of clients with addictions (49) and in a non-clinical sample (38). EMS were positively related with anxiety and avoidance in relationships and negative coping styles. Partnership satisfaction and EMS indicated a negative correlation. The clinical sample’s EMS were significantly higher compared to the non-clinical group. Further research must be done to confirm our results. Nevertheless, the findings suggest the possible role of EMS in developing psychopathology and thus support the principles of schematherapy.

SK

Rané maladaptívne schémy sú emočné vzorce, ktoré sa vytvárajú v detstve ako reakcia na nenaplnené potreby. Spustenie schémy v dospelosti môže vyvolať úzkosť a maladaptívnu reakciu jedinca. V našom výskume (N=87) sme analyzovali súvislosti medzi dimenziami attachmentu v dospelosti, partnerskou spokojnosťou, ranými maladaptívnymi schémami a stratégiami zvládania záťaže. Výsledky sme porovnali u skupiny klientov so závislosťami a u neklinickej populácie. Rané maladaptívne schémy súvisia s vyššou vzťahovou úzkostnosťou i vyhýbavosťou podľa ECR, nižšou partnerskou spokojnosťou a negatívnymi stratégiami zvládania záťaže. Klinická populácia má vyšší súčet raných maladaptívnych schém oproti neklinickej skupine. Pre potvrdenie platnosti bude nutné výsledky overiť v ďalšom výskume s väčšou vzorkou. Výsledky však naznačujú možný význam schém pri vzniku či udržiavaní psychopatológie a podporujú tak princípy schématerapie Jeffreyho Younga.

20

The impact of paternal attachment training skills on the extent of maternal neonatal attachment in primiparous women: a clinical trial

83%

Setodeh S. , Sharif F. , Akbarzadeh M.

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

|

2018

|

nr 1

47-54