Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Resonance contributions to low-energy electron collisions with molecular hydrogen

100%

Horáček J. , Čížek M. , Houfek K. , Kolorenč P. , Pichl L.

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2003

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tom Vol. 48, nr 2

109-112

EN

Calculations of electron dissociative attachment and vibrational excitation of molecular hydrogen by low-energy electrons based on an improved nonlocal resonance model are reported. The role of the rotational excitation of the target molecules is discussed.

2

A study of the effect of training pregnant women about attachment skills on infants’ motor development indices at birth to four months

100%

Dokuhaki A. , Akbarzadeh M. , Pishava N. , Zare N.

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nr 2

114-122

3

Associations between Psychosocial Well-being and the Development of Beneficial Time Perspectives

100%

Temple E. C.

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tom 6

72-87

EN

A growing body of research suggests that some time perspective orientations are more beneficial than others with regard to well-being. However, little is known about the factors affecting the development of these time perspectives. This gap in the research was addressed through two studies. Study 1 (N = 218; M = 29.8 years, SD = 11.45) identified ZTPI past positive (PP) as a beneficial time perspective and past negative (PN) as a detrimental time perspective. Structural equation modelling was then used in Study 2 (N = 443; M = 31.2 years, SD = 13.0) to develop two models of the associations between attachment orientation, basic psychological need satisfaction and PP and PN, respectively. While anxious and avoidant attachment orientation were associated with both PP and PN, the three basic psychological needs were differentially associated. The findings of these studies suggest the importance of early childhood care to the development of beneficial time perspectives.

4

Zmysel pre integritu a vzťahová väzba u adolescentov

100%

Popelková M.

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nr 2

39-45

EN

The paper deals with the concept of a sense of integrity as one of the important characteristics of resilience in relation to perceived attachment to parents and peers. The 254 adolescents aged 15-18 years Antonovsky's Life orientation questionnaire and Armsden and Greenberg's Emotional ties questionnaire were applied. Correlation analysis showed a significant association between sense of coherence and perceived quality of relationships with parents and peers. The findings emphasize the importance and significance of the life orientation of adolescents.

5

Dilemmas concerning support for foster families based on research from the Czech Republic

100%

Fabián P.

Praca Socjalna

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2018

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tom 33(2)

21-30

EN

The following article aims to present the contemporary situation of foster care in the Czech Republic. The overall situation contributes to many dilemmas that occur as new situations arise in the foster care system and in the context of children living outside the family home. Children ought to be given a possibility to develop their personality. The process, however, can be disturbed in their family home. The presented dilemmas can cause danger to children or become a promise of a good start in their adult life.

6

Problémy s přizpůsobením a prostředí ústavní péče

100%

Novotný J. S.

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nr 2

37-48

EN

Problem: Residential care environment represents a specific social space that is associated with a number of negative consequences, covering most aspects of children and youth functioning. The paper analyzes of the presence of adjustment problems among adolescents from institutional care environment and compares this results with a population of adolescents who grew up in a family. Methods: The sample consisted of two groups of adolescents. The first group included 285 adolescents currently growing up in an residential care environment, aged 13 to 21 (M = 16.23, SD = 1.643). The second group consisted of 214 adolescents growing up in a family, aged 15 to 20 (M = 17.07, SD = 1.070). We used a questionnaire Youth Self Report. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and MANOVA. Results: Results showed that adolescents in residential care exhibit higher average values in all adjustment problems. Also, in the context of diagnostic categories are the residential care adolescents more frequently in non-normal range (borderline and clinical), primarily in the border range. The greatest differences were reflected in the Thought problems and Rule-breaking behavior. MANOVA showed a significant multivariate effect between groups of adolescents, Hotelling's T = .803, F(8, 490) = 49.202, p <.001, d = .445 (large effect). Univariate analysis further showed a significant effect for Withdrawn/depressed (p = .044, d = .089, small effect), Somatic complaints (p = .002, d = .139, medium effect), Social problems (p = 004, d = .127, a small effect), Thought problems (p <.001, d = .633, strong effect), Attention problems (p <.001, d = .320,strong effect), Rule-breaking behavior (p <.001 , d = .383, strong effect), and Aggressive behavior (p = 015, d = .110, small effect). Results for the dimension of Anxious/depressed were not significant (p = .159). Discussion: The results didn’t confirmed the assumption that more than 30% of residential care adolescents have adjustment problems in the clinical range. Overall, the results do not correspond with previous findings, which describes more frequent presence of various adjustment problems. More frequently occur only the thought problems and rule-breaking behavior. Hyperactivity and cognitive problems are indicated as typical for residential care children, with wider causes in the emotional development. Problems with rule-breaking behavior have most likely a complex background. MANOVA analysis confirmed the finding that there is a significant difference between groups, but in most cases only with small effect. The residential care environment in the Czech Republic thus can be evaluated as functional, regarding its purpose and function. Conclusion: The results showed the differences in the presence of adjustment problems in adolescents growing up in the family and in institutional care, but also pointed to the fact that these differences are in most cases only small. The current state of the residential care environment in terms of adjustment problems can be evaluated as quite positive.

7

Vzťahová väzba ako korelát zvládania hádok v romantickom partnerskom vzťahu

100%

Halama P. , Mazureková J.

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nr 2

15-26

EN

The study focused on the relationships between dimensions of attachment and strategies of solving quarrels in romantic relationships. Sample of 224 respondents living in romantic relationship answered Experience in close relationship questionnaire (ECR-R) and Relationship Questionnaire (RQ) for measuring attachment as well as Coping Strategies Inventory (CSI) adapted for measuring strategies used during quarrels in romantic relationship. The results showed that secure attachment correlated positively with constructive strategies of coping with quarrels as problem solving and cognitive restructuring. On the other hand, insecure attachment styles was related to non-constructive ways of coping with quarrels as escape, problem avoidance of searching for social support in other people but partner. The results contributed to understanding of attachment as important factor of communication in romantic partnership.

8

DEVELOPMENT AND EVOLUTION: EVOLUTIONARY APPROACH IN PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND PSYCHOTHERAPY

100%

Péley B.

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tom 65

|

nr 1

65-83

EN

The paper argues that an evolutionary approach would contribute to a better understanding of development. Analyzing adaptive mechanisms and their dysfunctions, new ways can be opened in categorizing mental disorders and also in therapies. The evolutionary approach does not mean to introduce new theories or therapeutic methodologies into psychotherapy. Instead it suggests new strategies of understanding based on the laws of human nature. It places pathology onto the dimension of adaptation. It claims that developmental history and adaptation should be considered when understanding pathology. The paper also argues that a diagnostics which is based on categorization of symptoms should be replaced by a diagnostics which concentrates on organization of adaptive systems.

9

Surface roughness in bubble attachment and flotation of highly hydrophobic solids in presence of frother – experiment and simulations

88%

Kosior D. , Kowalczuk P. B. , Zawala J.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2018

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tom Vol. 54, iss. 1

63--72

EN

In this paper, the kinetic of the three-phase contact (TPC) formation and the flotation recovery of highly hydrophobic solids with different surface roughness were studied in pure water and aqueous solutions of n-octanol. The surface roughness varied between 1 to 100 μm. It was found that there was a strong influence of surface roughness on both kinetics of TPC formation and flotation. The time of three phase contact formation and flotation rate were much faster for rough surfaces in both water and aqueous solutions of frother. Irrespective of the surface roughness, at above a certain frother dose, the attachment time increased and the flotation rate decreased. It was related to the presence of air at the hydrophobic solid surfaces. The mechanism of this prolongation of the time of TPC formation at the solid surfaces with different roughness due to the frother overdosage was discussed, and the experimental data were confirmed by numerical simulations.

10

Seksualność a⁠ przywiązanie

88%

Juroszek W.

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tom 2

121-132

EN

This publication refers to the J. Bowlby’s attachment theory. This theory says that in human there is a⁠ biologically conditioned tendency to search and create proximity to significant persons. Followers of Bowlby – C. Hazan i⁠ P. Shaver considered romantic relation as an attachment relation. They have found that both in child-parent and romantic relation the same biological system is responsible for emotional and behavioral evolution of relation. The base of attachment is emotional and psychical proximity. In this work it is emphasized how important for creation of attachment in romantic relation first sexual contacts are. It is also underlined that breaking romantic or child-mother relation may provoke serious traumatism. The author of the publication claims that among factors influencing proximity in sexual relation are: emotional proximity, sex (stronger impact in case of women), earlier effort to abstain from this relation (eg. religiously motivated), whether the partner is or is not the first one (stronger impact in case of the first sexual partner).

11

Rané maladaptívne schémy, attachment a stratégie zvládania stresu u klinickej a neklinickej populácie

88%

Medalová K. , Procházka R.

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tom 8

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nr 4

11-22

EN

Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMS) are emotional patterns, developed during childhood and elaborated throughout one's lifetime. Triggering a schema activates the amygdala system, which can lead to anxiety and maladaptive behaviour in adulthood. In our research (N=87) we analysed the relationship between EMS, adult attachment dimensions, the partnership satisfaction and the negative coping styles in a sample of clients with addictions (49) and in a non-clinical sample (38). EMS were positively related with anxiety and avoidance in relationships and negative coping styles. Partnership satisfaction and EMS indicated a negative correlation. The clinical sample’s EMS were significantly higher compared to the non-clinical group. Further research must be done to confirm our results. Nevertheless, the findings suggest the possible role of EMS in developing psychopathology and thus support the principles of schematherapy.

SK

Rané maladaptívne schémy sú emočné vzorce, ktoré sa vytvárajú v detstve ako reakcia na nenaplnené potreby. Spustenie schémy v dospelosti môže vyvolať úzkosť a maladaptívnu reakciu jedinca. V našom výskume (N=87) sme analyzovali súvislosti medzi dimenziami attachmentu v dospelosti, partnerskou spokojnosťou, ranými maladaptívnymi schémami a stratégiami zvládania záťaže. Výsledky sme porovnali u skupiny klientov so závislosťami a u neklinickej populácie. Rané maladaptívne schémy súvisia s vyššou vzťahovou úzkostnosťou i vyhýbavosťou podľa ECR, nižšou partnerskou spokojnosťou a negatívnymi stratégiami zvládania záťaže. Klinická populácia má vyšší súčet raných maladaptívnych schém oproti neklinickej skupine. Pre potvrdenie platnosti bude nutné výsledky overiť v ďalšom výskume s väčšou vzorkou. Výsledky však naznačujú možný význam schém pri vzniku či udržiavaní psychopatológie a podporujú tak princípy schématerapie Jeffreyho Younga.

12

When to Cast a Love Spell: Unsecure Attachment and Relational Distress as an Interactive Determinants of a Tendency to Magical Thinking

75%

Niemyjska A. , Gieszczyk P. , Markowska A. , Pajączkowska M. , Niemyjska A.

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nr 1

35-48

EN

Threat of important resources of any individual may be accompanied by thinking based on the laws of magic (Keinan, 1994; Rozin, Millman and Nemeroff, 1986). The aim of three studies was to examine how different sorts of distress occurring in a romantic context such as insecure attachment style and situationally manipulated bonds deprivation versus connection are associated with a tendency to magical thinking (MT) about the loved one. As expected, attachment anxiety was a positive predictor of MT especially among people who were not in a romantic relationship or those experiencing deprivation of romantic bonds. Individuals with high attachment anxiety were characterized by greater levels of magical thinking at the beginning of the relationship than in the later stages. Avoidant attachment allowed the negative prediction of magical thinking but only among those who presently were in romantic relationships or those experiencing increased situational closeness to the partner. The regulatory function of MT is being discussed.

13

Relationship between Parental Bonding, Alexithymia and Dissociation in Adults with PTSD

75%

Zdankiewicz-Ścigała E. , Strzeszkowska P.

Polish Psychological Bulletin

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2018

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tom 49

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nr 4

14

Specyfika relacji dziecka z ojcem w pierwszych latach życia z perspektywy teorii przywiązania

75%

Czub M.

Dziecko krzywdzone. Teoria, badania, praktyka

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2014

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tom 13

|

nr 3

74-93

PL

Artykuł zawiera przegląd badań dotyczących roli ojca w kształtowaniu się przywiązania dziecka oraz uwarunkowań przywiązania dającego poczucie bezpieczeństwa w odniesieniu do roli każdego z rodziców. Wnioski płynące z badań w obszarze przywiązania wskazują na komplementarne role matki i ojca w rozwoju dziecka. Z jednej strony potwierdzają znaczenie zaangażowania każdego z nich w opiekę i wychowanie począwszy od narodzin, z drugiej dostarczają dowodów na różnice ról i wagę każdej z nich w prawidłowym rozwoju dziecka. Wyniki badań wskazują również na znaczenie współrodzicielstwa w kształtowaniu się poczucia bezpieczeństwa i podstaw zdrowej adaptacji. Porozumienie i wspólne wychowywanie dziecka odgrywają istotną, bezpośrednią i pośrednią, rolę w podnoszeniu jakości opieki nad dzieckiem.

EN

The article contains a review of research findings on the role of the father in shaping of the child’s attachment model and conditions of attachment which give the sense of safety in relations of the role of each of the parents. Conclusions drawn from the research on attachment point to the complementarity of roles of mothers and fathers in children’s development. On one hand, they stress the importance of involvement of both parents in the care and upbringing of the child starting from its birth, and on the other – they bring evidence on the differences between those roles and importance of each of them for an adequate development of the child. The research findings draw also attention to the significance of co-parenting in shaping of the child’s sense of safety and basis for healthy adaptation. Agreement and shared upbringing of the child plays an important role in increasing the quality of child care, both directly and indirectly.

15

Attachment and development of a mature identity. Attachment styles and the dimensions of identity development among young adults

75%

Jurczyk T.

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tom 55(13)

185-195

EN

The aim of the study was to present the relationship between attachment styles and the dimensions of identity development. The theoretical framework of current research constitutes: Attachment Theory by Bowlby (2007) as well as his followers (Bartholomew & Horowitz, 1991), and a concept of Identity Development in the Identity Status Paradigm (Brzezińska & Piotrowski, 2010), which is based on the Psychosocial Development Theory by Erikson (1997). The participants were 109 students from different universities and classes. The experiment was questionnairebased – the participants filled out the Dimensions of Identity Development Scale and the Relationship Questionnaire. The results suggested a relationship between anxious-avoidant and preoccupied attachment styles and specific dimensions of identity development.

16

The effect of liquids on the interaction between coal particles

75%

Ogonowski R. , Wójcik W. , Jańczuk B.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2001

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tom Vol. 35

43-53

EN

Taking into account the published earlier values of the destruction time of the coal column structure formed from the four fractions of coal particles having the average diameter 1.5x10-4 m, 2.5x10-4 m, 3.5x10-4 m and 4.5x10-4 m in the homologous series of alkanes and alcohols, the correlation between destruction time and bulk properties of coal and liquids as well as the liquid-air, coal-air and coal-liquid interfacial properties was studied. On the basis of this study the linear relationship between the reciprocal destruction time and average diameter of the coal fractions, work of alkane and alcohol cohesion, their density, the difference between liquids and coal density, and free energy of interactions per one molecule of the liquid was found. From these relationships, the critical values of the particles diameter, work of cohesion, density, difference between coal and liquid density, and free energy of interactions for infinitely long destruction time were determined. It was stated that for systems having critical values of these parameters, the detachment force is equal to the attachment one. From study it also results that the attachment forces between coal particles depend on the work of cohesion of liquid and work of adhesion of coal to liquid, and that the destruction of the structure of the sediment column take place as a result of the interruption of the film of the liquid between two coal particles.

PL

Wykorzystując opublikowane wartości czasu destrukcji struktury słupka sedymentu w rurce szklanej dla frakcji ziaren węgla o średniej średnicy 1.5x10-4m, 2.5x10-4m, 3.5x10-4m i 4.5x10-4m, w węglowodorach od heksanu do heksadekanu i alkoholach od metanolu do dekanolu, przeprowadzono badania nad korelacją pomiędzy czasem destrukcji a właściwościami objętościowymi badanych cieczy i węgla oraz międzyfazowymi ciecz-powietrze, węgiel-powietrze i węgiel-ciecz. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań stwierdzono, że czas destrukcji rośnie ze wzrostem długości łańcucha węglowodorowego alkanów i alkoholi a maleje ze wzrostem średniej średnicy ziaren węgla. Zmiany czasu destrukcji wynikają z różnicy pomiędzy siłami odrywającymi ziarno węgla od ziarna węgla a siłami adhezyjnymi (zlepienia), które odpowiednio zależą od oddziaływań grawitacyjnych i międzyfazowych. Obliczone siły odrywające, przy założeniu, że ziarna węgla są kulkami, maleją ze wzrostem długości łańcucha węglowodorowego badanych cieczy. Dla obu badanych szeregów homologicznych stwierdzono liniową zależność pomiędzy odwrotnością czasu destrukcji słupka sedymentu i średnią średnicą badanych frakcji ziaren węgla, pracą kohezji alkanów i alkoholi, ich gęstością, różnicą gęstości węgla i badanych cieczy oraz swobodną energią oddziaływań w przeliczeniu na jedną cząsteczkę cieczy. Prostoliniowe zależności pozwoliły na wyznaczenie tzw. „krytycznych wartości” takich parametrów jak: średnica ziaren, praca kohezji, gęstość, różnica gęstości i swobodna energia oddziaływań dla nieskończenie długiego czasu destrukcji (1/t=0). Dla układów o krytycznych wartościach wymienionych parametrów siły odrywania równe są siłom zlepienia. Biorąc to pod uwagę obliczono promień płaszczyzny kontaktu oraz wielkość sił zlepienia pomiędzy ziarnami węgla w badanych cieczach. Przeprowadzone obliczenia wykazały, że siły zlepienia pomiędzy ziarnami węgla są nieco wyższe od pracy kohezji badanej cieczy. Wynika z tego, że o wielkości sił zlepienia pomiędzy ziarnami węgla w badanych cieczach decyduje nie tylko wielkość pracy kohezji danej cieczy ale również wielkość pracy adhezji węgiel-badana ciecz. Ponieważ praca adhezji jest większa od pracy kohezji, zatem niszczenie struktury słupka sedymentu ziaren węgla zachodzi w wyniku przerwania ciekłego filmu pomiędzy dwoma ziarnami węgla.

17

A study of bubble-particle interactions in a column flotation process

75%

Cheng G. , Shi C. , Yan X. , Zhang Z. , Xu H. , Lu Y.

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tom Vol. 53, iss. 1

17--33

EN

Bubble-particle interactions play an important role in flotation. This study examines the behaviour of bubble clusters in a turbulent flotation cell. Particularly, the bubble-particle interaction characteristics in flotation are investigated. The bubble size in a flotation column was measured using an Olympus i-SPEED 3 high-speed camera. Relationships between the circulating volume, bubble size and bubble terminal velocity were discussed. Probabilities of collision, attachment, detachment and acquisition between bubbles and particles in different circulating volumes were calculated based on the flotation kinetic theory. Using the extended Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek (EDLVO) theory, the relationship between the potential energy and distance in bubble-particle interaction was analysed. The results demonstrated that as the circulating volume increased, the bubble size and velocity decreased. When the circulating volume increased from 0.253 to 0.495 m3/h, the bubble diameter decreased from 511 to 462 μm, and the corresponding bubble velocity decreased from 43.1 to 37.5 mm/s. When the circulating volume remained constant as the particle size increased, probabilities of collision, attachment, detachment and acquisition increased. When the particle size remained constant as the circulating volume increased, these probabilities also increased. At a constant circulating volume as the particle size increased, the absolute value of the total potential energy between the particle and bubble increased. When the distance between the bubble and particle was 30 nm, the energy barrier appeared.

18

Strachy a citová vazba k rodičům v období rané adolescence

75%

Michalčáková R. , Lacinová L. , Bouša O. , Kotková M.

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tom 4

|

nr 1

16-29

EN

The study focuses on the relationship between the parental attachment and fears in early adolescence. A sample of 291 adolescents aged 12 to 14 (165 girls and 126 boys) completed the 78 item FSSC-II (Fear Survey Schedule for Children, second revision) and 25 item IPPA (Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment). The results show that girls perceive themselves as more fearful than boys. Fear seems to increase with age. We also found the quality of attachment to mother to be a predictor of both the overall fear score and of the specific fears related to family environment. Gender and age differences are discussed.

CS

Tato studie se zaměřuje na zkoumání vztahu mezi citovou vazbou k rodičům a pociťovanými strachy v rané adolescenci. K získání dat byly použity dotazníkové metody, pro zachycení citové vazby metoda IPPA (Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment), k měření strachu jsme použili FSSC-II (Fear Survey Schedule for Children, druhá revidovaná verze). Zkoumaný soubor byl tvořen 291 adolescentem (165 dívek, 126 chlapců) ve věku od 12 do 14 let. Dívky a starší adolescenti vykazují vyšší míru strachu než chlapci a mladší adolescenti. Kvalita citové vazby k matce byla zjištěna jako prediktor celkové míry strachu i jednotlivých strachů souvisejících s rodinným prostředím, specifická zjištění pro jednotlivá pohlaví a věkové skupiny jsou diskutována.

19

Traumatic bonding in intimate partner violence: A Relational Family Therapy approach

75%

Simonič B. , Osewska E.

Family Forum

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2019

|

tom 9

71-90

EN

Intimate partner violence is defined as a form of violence where, in an intimate relationship, physical or psychological acts of violence are committed by a partner or spouse against the other partner or spouse. All of these actions are accompanied by extremely emotional dynamics, which is paradoxical, as we would expect that with the gravity of abusive and violent acts the victims will understand the need for self-protection and appropriate measures. There is a strong emotional bond between the victim and the abuser, which authors call traumatic bonding. It is an emotional dependence between two people in a relationship that is characterized by the feelings of intense attachment, cognitive distortion and behavioural strategies of both individuals that paradoxically strengthen and maintain the bond, which is reflected in a vicious cycle of violence. The termination of such a relationship or the departure from it, from the point of view of attachment which is activated in this situation, seems risky, since the victim seeks refuge in the state of perceived danger, but experiences that - after the outbreak of violence calms down - the refuge is paradoxically offered by the bully. Here we can recognize a pattern of dysfunctional affect regulation that falsely calms difficult (basic) affects and maintains a violent relationship. From the viewpoint of Relational Family Therapy, it is therefore necessary for victims that after breaking off a violent relationship or leaving it they face their painful basic affects and develop proper regulation of these, otherwise they will remain committed to this kind of relationship. Using the case study method, the paper describes the case of a client after she left a violent intimate relationship, with an emphasis on the demonstration of traumatic bonding dynamics and the resolution of their consequences in Relational Family Therapy. [1] The authors acknowledges partial financial support from the Slovenian Research Agency (project No. J5-9349).

20

Style przywiązania młodych dorosłych - w poszukiwaniu korelatów zdrowia psychicznego

63%

Agnieszka W. , Lidia Z.-Ż.

Psychologia Wychowawcza

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2018

|

nr 55(13)

121-130

EN

Attachment styles have been analysed in the context of development and functioning of children for decades. It seems interesting to analyse the attachment styles also in the context of adult life and psychological well-being. The article presents own research concerning the relationship between the attachment styles and mental health among young adults. There were 96 participants, 60 females and 36 males. The Attachment Styles Questionnaire, the General Health Questionnaire (GHO-28), and an authorial survey were used. A statistical analysis showed a positive correlation between anxiousambivalent attachment style and somatic symptoms, unrest, depression symptoms, and avoidant behaviours. A secure attachment style correlated negatively with depression symptoms.

PL

Style przywiązania od dziesięcioleci analizowane są w kontekście rozwoju i funkcjonowania dzieci i młodzieży. Interesująca wydaje się analiza znaczenia stylów przywiązania także w życiu dorosłym, m.in. w kontekście zdrowia psychicznego. W artykule przedstawiono wybrane wyniki badań własnych dotyczących związku między stylami przywiązania a zdrowiem psychicznym u młodych dorosłych. Przeprowadzono badania z udziałem 96 osób, w tym 60 kobiet i 36 mężczyzn. Użyto Kwestionariusza Stylów Przywiązania (KSP), Kwestionariusza Ogólnego Stanu Zdrowia GHQ-28 oraz ankiety własnej. Analizy statystyczne wykazały dodatni związek stylu lękowo-ambiwalentnego z symptomami somatycznymi, niepokojem, symptomami depresji oraz stylu unikowego z niepokojem i symptomami depresji. Bezpieczny styl przywiązania okazał się ujemnie skorelowany z symptomami depresji.