Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

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Geographic variation in phytochemical constituents and allelopathic potential of Pinus halepensis barks

100%

Refifa T. , Chahdoura H. , Guido F. , Achour L. , Helal A. N.

European Journal of Biological Research

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2015

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tom 05

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nr 3

2

Evaluation of allelopathic potential of safflower genotypes (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

100%

Motamedi M. , Karimmojeni H. , Sini F. G.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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2016

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tom 56

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nr 4

EN

Forty safflower genotypes were grown under normal irrigation and drought stress. In the first experiment, the allelopathic potential of shoot residues was evaluated using the sandwich method. Each genotype residue (0.4 g) was placed in a sterile Petri dish and two layers of agar were poured on that. Radish seeds were placed on agar medium. The radish seeds were cultivated without safflower residues as the controls. The length of the radicle, hypocotyl, and fresh biomass weight and seed germination percentages were measured. A pot experiment was also done on two genotypes with the highest and two with the lowest allelopathic activity selected after screening genotypes in the first experiment. Before entering the reproductive phase, irrigation treatments (normal irrigation and drought stress) were applied. Shoots were harvested, dried, milled and mixed with the topsoil of new pots and then radish seeds were sown. The pots with safflower genotypes were used to evaluate the effect of root residue allelopathy. The shoot length, fresh biomass weight, and germination percentage were measured. Different safflower genotypes showed varied allelopathic potential. The results of the first experiment showed that Egypt and Iran-Khorasan genotypes caused maximum inhibitory responses and Australia and Iran-Kerman genotypes resulted in minimum inhibitory responses on radish seedling growth. Fresh biomass weight had the most sensitivity to safflower residues. The results of the pot experiment were consistent with the results of in vitro experiments. Residues produced under drought stress had more inhibitory effects on the measured traits. Safflower root residue may have a higher level of allelochemicals or different allelochemicals than shoot residue.

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Allelopathic activity of dehulled rice and its allelochemicals on weed germination

84%

Khang D. T. , Anh L. H. , Thu Ha P. T. , Tuyen P. T. , Quan N. V. , Minh L. T. , Quan N. T. , Minh T. N. , Xuan T. D. , Khanh T. D. , Trung K. H.

International Letters of Natural Sciences

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2016

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tom 58

EN

In this study, the allelopathic potential of dehulled rice, rice, and hulls of rice on germination of weeds was evaluated in laboratory. Phenolic acids in growth media of these plants were also identified and quantified using HPLC. Identified allelochemicals were reversely tested for phytotoxic effects on germination and seedling growth of barnyardgrass, lettuce, radish and rice. The results showed that the inhibitory effects of dehulled rice were stronger than those of hulls and rice. Dehulled rice caused 66.7% and 50.6% reduction in radish root length and lettuce shoot height, respectively. Dehulled rice showed strong inhibitory effects on root length of lettuce and shoot height of radish while hulls and rice exhibited stimulation. Regarding phenolic identification, vanillin and vanillic acid were detected as allelochemicals in root exudates of rice and tested plants. The results revealed that most of the vanillin and vanillic acid treatments showed high inhibitory effects on germination rates and seedling growth of lettuce and radish, high stimulatory activity on root elongation of rice. Vanillic acid (100 ppm and 200 ppm), vanillin (100 ppm) and their mixture (200 ppm) completely inhibited survival of lettuce. The findings indicate the allelopathic potential of dehulled rice which can be used for identification of more phytotoxins to produce bioherbicides in agricultural practices.

4

Habitat preference within its native range and allelopathy of garlic mustard Alliaria petiolata

84%

Sajna N.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2017

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tom 65

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nr 1

EN

Even though Alliaria petiolata is a globally important invasive plant, for Europe it is a native humble understory species. I studied the population characteristics of A. petiolata in its native range (NE Slovenia) by evaluating its demographic structure (e.g. population size, density, plant fruit production) and herbivory damage in different habitats (forest understorey, forest edge, ruderal site). Moreover I tested the allelopathic potential of fresh A. petiolata leaves and roots on garden cress Lepidium sativum germination and seedling development. I performed bioassays with aqueous extracts and took a first step toward testing the presence of volatile potentially allelopathic compounds. The results showed that A. petiolata populations can become established at disturbed sites, even such without a tree canopy, but dense stands can be found only at disturbed forest edges. The bioassays confirmed the presence of A. petiolata aqueous and volatile allelochemicals in leaves and roots. Germination was suppressed more by volatiles, showing that allelopathy can act via volatile compounds and further suggesting their antifungal effects. The results allow predicting that the success of A. petiolata invasion in a non-native range might rely on its variable habitat tolerance (not being a strict ruderal species) and allelopathy.

5

Ocena potencjału allelopatycznego rośliny inwazyjnej - nawłoci olbrzymiej (Solidago gigantea) w odniesieniu do gryki zwyczajnej (Fagopyrum sagittatum) oraz słonecznika zwyczajnego (Helianthus annuus)

59%

Sekutowski T. R. , Bortniak M. , Domaradzki K.

Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering

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2012

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tom Vol. 57, nr 4

86-91

PL

W badaniach własnych oceniano wpływ wodnych wyciągów sporządzonych ze świeżej masy liści i łodyg nawłoci olbrzymiej (S. gigantea) na zdolność kiełkowania i wzrost korzeni gryki zwyczajnej (F. sagittatum) oraz słonecznika zwyczajnego (H. annuus). Doświadczenie przeprowadzono z użyciem testu kiełkowania i wczesnego wzrostu roślin - Phytotoxkit. Testy obejmowały trzy niezależne serie doświadczeń laboratoryjnych, w każdej serii po trzy powtórzenia. Wodne wyciągi sporządzono ze 125, 250 oraz 500 g świeżej masy nawłoci olbrzymiej (S. gigantea) na 100 cm3 wody destylowanej. Obiekt kontrolny stanowiły pyłki, na które nanoszono jedynie wodę destylowaną. Uzyskane wyniki wykazały, że najsilniejszy efekt inhibicyjny w odniesieniu do zdolności kiełkowania oraz długość korzeni gryki zwyczajnej (F. sagittatum), stwierdzono po zastosowaniu 50% wyciągu. Natomiast najsilniejszy efekt w postaci stymulacji wzrostu korzeni słonecznika zwyczajnego (H. annuus), stwierdzono po zastosowaniu 12,5% wyciągu.

EN

In the laboratory experiments effect of the fresh mass of goldenrod (S. gigantea) leaf and stem water extracts on germination capacity and buckwheat (F. sagittatum) and sunflower (H. annuus) on root growth were determined. Test of germination and early growth - Phytotoxkit was used in experiment. The research covered 3 independent laboratory series, 3 repetitions in each series. Water extracts were prepared from 125 g, 250 g and 500 g of fresh mass of goldenrod (S. gigantea) and 100 cm3 of distilled water. Plates moistened of distilled water were control objects in these experiment. Data indicated that the highest inhibition effect on the germination capacity and buckwheat (F. sagittatum) root length was obtained after application on water extracts of 50%. The strongest effect in the form of sunflower (H. annuus) root growth stimulation was observed after application of water extract of 12.5%.

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Autoallelopathic and allelopathic influence of aqueous winter-cereal extracts

51%

Carvalho de M. , Halecki W. , Mozdzen K. , Synowiec A.

Acta Agrobotanica

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2022

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tom 75

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nr 1