Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Review of innovation in using X-ray tomography for non-destructing analysing of the green parts

100%

Karaś Ł. , Matula G.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2015

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tom Vol. 73, nr 2

139--143

EN

Purpose: Article concern studies of the method using X-ray as a source to analyse products made of the steel mixture powder after compaction “green parts” on the example of the engine and gearbox parts. Mentioned methods are used to detect defects like surface cracks and inner material cracks, as well as density distribution without violations of their functional properties. Design/methodology/approach: Presented techniques are evaluating on the typical sintered engine and gearbox parts like pulley and synchronizing hub. All methods have advantages and disadvantages, therefore are compression between them essential, especially concerning used in industrial conditions including zero waste manufacturing. Findings: Evaluation of the nowadays used methods and trends used for “green part” made of steel mixture powder are very important. Moreover presents a future trends and future development directions will be provided by this article. Research limitations/implications: Methods are tested on the “green parts” made of the steel mixture powder for automotive application and mostly depending on the industrial conditions for such products. Practical implications: Methods should be able to use in the industrial conditions to assure good quality parts without defects and well-documented density distribution without destroying the object. Originality/value: Analyse of the nowadays methods using for evaluation of the “green parts” quality after compaction of the steel mixture powder are still undergoing rapid development.

2

The System LaPO4-Ca3(PO4)2-Ca2P2O7

94%

Jungowska W.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

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2002

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tom Vol. 76 / nr 8

1101-1104

EN

The phase diagram of the ternary system LaPO4 - Ca3(PO4)2 - Ca2P2O7 has been determined by thermal, X-ray and microscopic examinations. The system contains only one double phosphate Ca3La(PO4)3 which is formed at the 1:1 molar ratio LaPO4:Ca3(PO4)2.

3

The System Yb-Co-P

94%

Budnyk S. , Kuz'ma B.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

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2002

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tom Vol. 76 / nr 11

1553-1558

EN

Phase equilibria in Yb-Co-P system have been investigated at 870 K by X-ray analysis. The existence of early known compounds Yb2Co12P7 (structure Zr2Fe12P7), YbCo5P3 (structure YCo5P3), YbCo3P2 (structure HoCo3P2), Yb6Co30P19 (own structure) and Yb5Co19P12 (structure Sc5Co19P12) has been confirmed. Atomic coordinates in structures Yb2Co12P7 (powder method RF = 0.049) and YbCo3P2 (single crystal method, RF = 0.0393) have been determined.

4

Structural investigations of nifuroxazide, p-hydroxy-N'-(5-nitrofurfurylidene)benzhydrazide

94%

Pniewska B. , Januchowski M.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

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1998

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tom Vol. 72, nr 12

2629-2634

EN

The crystal and molecular structure of the antibacterial compound nifuroxazide was carried out by X-ray diffraction methods. The crystals belong to the triclinic system, space group P1. The lattice parameters are: a=6.879(6) A, b=8.164(5) A, c=11.410(7) A, alpha=78.87(5) degree, beta=78.91(5) degree, gamma=69.68(7) degree. The molecule is essentially planar except of the phenyl ring somewhat twisted with respect to the residual part of the molecule. In the crystal structure, the molecules are hydrogen bonded, forming infinite planar sheets.

5

Synthesis of Crotonoyl, Cynamoyl and p-Methoxycynamoyl Derivatives of Camphoric Imide : Crystal and Molecular Structure

94%

Matraszek J. , Mieczkowski J. , Cyrański M.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

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2000

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tom Vol. 74, nr 4

477-482

EN

Three derivatives of camphoric acid imide (crotonyl, cynamoyl and p-methoxycynamoyl) have been synthesized. Despite of a small number of heavy atoms, the absolute structure determination occured to be successful.

6

Wavelet shrinkage-based noise reduction from the high resolution X-ray images of epitaxial layers

94%

Kozłowski J. , Serafińczuk J. , Kozik A.

Materials Science

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2003

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tom Vol. 21, No. 3

345-356

EN

This paper presents advantages of employing the wavelet method in X-ray high-resolution image analysis of nanostructures. It is shown that many more details of the structure examined can be distin-guished in rocking curves (RC) as well as in reciprocal space maps (RSM) after application of the numerical procedure. The method proposed seems to be particularly suitable for imperfect epitaxial layers having significant lattice mismatch with respect to substrate. By means of the wavelet analysis of the X-ray images using de-noising procedure details invisible in raw pictures can be detected such as thickness fringes, gradient of lattice parameters etc., and duration of measurements can be shortened.

7

Cine-Substitution of Nitro Group in 1-Aryl-2-methyl-4-nitroimidazoles by Thiols; X-ray Diffraction Proof for the Product Structure

94%

Suwiński J. , Świerczek K. , Wagner P. , Kubicki M. , Borowiak T.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

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2001

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tom Vol. 75, nr 5

639-647

EN

1-Aryl-2-methyl-4-nitroimidazoles react with 2-amino- or with 2-hydroxyethanethiols to give products of cine-substitution of the nitro group. 5-(2_-Hydroxyethylthio)-2- methyl-1-phenylimidazole has been isolated as a free base, other products in the form of dipicrates. A structure of 5-(2_-aminoethylthio)-2-methyl-1-phenylimidazole dipicrate was proved by X-ray diffraction.

8

X-rays generated by partial discharges in atmospheric air

94%

Nagi Ł.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Elektryka / Politechnika Opolska

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2014

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tom z. 70

73-75

EN

This article presents an analysis of the phenomenon of X-ray generated from partial discharges. The measurement data have been analyzed in MATLAB environment. Previous studies showed the relationship between the increase in voltage between electrodes, and both, the energy and the number of ionizing acts. In another study, the modified initial conditions confirmed the existence of X-ray radiation generated by the PD. The changes were related to the spark gap material.

9

Dedicated detector for verification of X-ray energy in the linear accelerators for cargo screening and industrial radiography

94%

Kaminski P. , Wronka S.

Polish Journal of Medical Physics And Engineering

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2011

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tom 17

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nr 3

121-128

EN

The novel type of detector for X-ray energy evaluation has been developed. Thanks to a simultaneous analysis of the attenuation of X-rays by different thicknesses of well known material, the maximum energy of electrons on the conversion target can be deducted. Fast operation allows for pulse-to-pulse measurement, which is a must for modern, interlaced-energy cargo inspection systems. In this article the construction of the detector and software description are presented.

10

Properties and Crystal Structure of catena-Poly[praseodymium(III)-hexaaqua-L-threonineK3O,O'O'']trichloride and catena-Poly(pentaaqua-L-threonine-K3O,O',O'') Europium(III) and Ytterbium(III) trichlorides

94%

Rzączyńska Z. , Mrozek R. , Sikorska-Iwan M. , Żak Z. , Głowiak T.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

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1999

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tom Vol. 73, nr 8

1259-1272

EN

New complexes of L-threonine and lanthanides(III) of the formulae: [Pr(L-thr)(H2O)6]Cl3 and {Ln(L-thr)(H2O)5]Cl3, where Ln is Eu(III) and Yb(III), where obtained. They were characterized by elemental, thermal and spectroscopic analyses, as well as the crystal structures were determined by X-ray diffraction method. The compounds are stable up to about 363 K but further further heating leads to decomposition to oxychlorides and next to oxides.

11

High speed signal processing for photon counting X-ray detection

94%

Shinomiya B. , Koike A. , Morii H. , Okunoyama T. , Neo Y. , Mimura H. , Aoki T.

Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems

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2009

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tom Vol. 3, No. 4

143-146

EN

Recently practical X-ray measurement systems are demanded energy distinction function. Photon-counting CdTe semiconductor detectors have a high energy resolution in a low count rate condition at room temperature. However, the energy resolution is decreased by pile-up phenomenon in a high count rate condition. In conventional signal processing, processing time estimated X-ray photon energy from the pulse waveform is about tens of microseconds. This time is depended on the pulse decay time. This paper purposes to maintain the high energy resolution by changing the signal-processing algorithm, which derived the pulse rise height of the output waveform from the CdTe detector in a high count rate condition. As a result, the pulse rise time required to estimate the pulse rise height was short about 100 ns at incident X-ray energy 60 keV. As the result of energy spectrum by using this data, the FWHM of about 11keV (at 60 keV) when the count rate of 500 kcps. This result shows the possibility that the photon counting sensor has application for the high count rate imaging without decrease of the high energy resolution.

12

On J-additivity and Bounded Additivity

94%

Brunetti S. , Peri C.

Fundamenta Informaticae

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2016

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tom Vol. 146, nr 2

185--195

EN

In this paper we consider the uniqueness issues in Discrete Tomography. A special class of geometric objects, widely considered in the literature, is represented by additive sets. These sets are uniquely determined by their X-rays, and they are also reconstructible in polynomial time by use of linear programming. Recently, additivity has been extended to J-additivity to provide a more general treatment of known concepts and results. A further generalization of additivity, called bounded additivity is obtained by restricting to sets contained in a given orthogonal box. In this work, we investigate these two generalizations from a geometrical point of view and analyze the interplay between them.

13

Experimental study of X-ray emission yield in a Filippov-type Plasma Focus operating in neon and neon-krypton mixture

94%

Babazadeh A. , Roshan M. , Kiai S.

Nukleonika

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2002

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tom Vol. 47, nr 3

123-125

EN

Since the installation of PF-DENA at AEOI about one year ago, we performed quantitative studies of variation of X-ray radiations from a new Filippov-type plasma focus device: Dena (90 kJ, 25 kV, 288 ěF). The operating gas was neon at a constant low pressure of 1 torr and different pressures of krypton admixture (up to 0.3 torr), with the discharge voltage up to 18 kV. For a charging voltage of 17 kV with 41 kJ stored energy and spark gap pressure of 1.2×10-2 torr, the maximum soft and little hard X-ray (SXR-HXR) emission is found for the neon, resulting in a total SXR yield of 2 V/shot measured by silicon semiconductor diode detectors. Concerning the effect of krypton admixture, a maximum intensity of SXR radiation has been observed at low krypton pressure that is about 1 V/shot. At higher pressure, the quantity of the SXR emission decreases down to zero. However, the maximum intensity of the HXR radiation yield in the same pressure range was found to be 2.5 V/shot. By increasing the pressure of krypton up to 0.3 torr, the results show that the krypton admixture gas generally causes, a decrease of the SXR radiation yield down to zero, whereas, the HXR emission yield carries a maximum value at the optimum pressure of krypton that is about 0.1 torr. Nevertheless, the pressure increments of krypton admixture lead to decreasing in the discharge voltage for the maximum X-ray production.

14

Ce-Ag-P System

94%

Demchyna R. , Chykhrij S. , Kuz'ma Y.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

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2000

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tom Vol. 74, nr 1

39-44

EN

Phase equilibria were established in the Ce-Ag-P ternary system up to 80 at.% of P and the CeP-CeP2-Ag region for isothermal sections at 400 C and 800 C, respectivity. The isothermal sections have been formed basing on X-ray analysis.

15

Phase Equilibria in the System Nd(PO3)3-KPO3

94%

Znamierowska T. , Mizer D.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

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2002

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tom Vol. 76 / nr 5

695-699

EN

The system Nd(PO3)3 - KPO3 has been investigated by differential thermal analysis (during heating), thermogravimetric analysis, mass spectrometry, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction and its phase diagram was proposed. It was discovered that initial metaphosphates react at a 1:1 molar ratio forming intermediate compound KNd(PO3)4. It was found that it melts incongruently at 854_C giving Nd(PO3)3 and a liquid rich in KPO3. Phosphate KNd(PO3)4 is stable down to room temperature and does not show any polymorphic transitions.

16

Determination of indium and nitrogen content in four-component epitaxial layers of InxGa1-xAs1-yNy deposited on GaAs substrate

94%

Serafińczuk J. , Kozłowski J.

Materials Science Poland

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2008

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tom Vol. 26, No. 1

207--212

EN

The paper presents a new method of determination of the percentage content of indium (x) and nitrogen (y) in four-component epitaxial layers of InxGa1-xAs1-yNy, based on a distance between a layer and a substrate reflection for rocking curves obtained from high resolution X-ray diffraction. In the method, a symmetrical (004) and at least two asymmetrical (e.g., (224) and (115)) reflections are taken into consideration. For the investigated ranges of the values of the x, y parameters of the four components, we have described the dependences of distances between reflections .delta..vpi.(004) = f1(x,y), .delta..vpi.(224) = f2(x,y), .delta..vpi.(115) = f3(x,y) based on the rocking curve simulation software HRS (High Resolution Simulation - Philips). Based on the result, we present a procedure which allows us to characterize parameters of the epitaxial layers. The properties of the proposed procedure have been verified on experimental examples.

17

Structural Constitution of the LaMo6Se8 Superconductor

94%

Wojakowski A. , Horyń R. , Wołcyrz M.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

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1999

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tom Vol. 73, nr 12

1979-1985

EN

The ternary phase diagram La-Mo-Se shows a broad homogeneity range around the superconducting Chevrel phase LaMo6Se8. The final result, supported by the X-ray powder patterns simulation, indicates on mixed occupation of the Se sublattice consisting of (8-x) Se and the excess molybdenum (x).

18

Poszukiwanie rodzajów badań z zakresu rentgenodiagnostyki konwencjonalnej obarczonych zwiększonym ryzykiem błędu i koniecznością ponownego wykonania : doniesienie wstępne

84%

Komenda J. , Cebulak M. , Modlińska S.

Inżynier i Fizyk Medyczny

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2016

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tom Vol. 5, nr 4

173--177

PL

Stale zwiększająca się liczba zakładów radiodiagnostyki przekłada się na większą dostępność do badań z zakresu rentgenodiagnostyki konwencjonalnej, co powoduje zwiększenie liczby wykonywanych zdjęć rentgenowskich, a tym samym wzrost liczby zdjęć odrzuconych i powtórzonych. Celem pracy jest poszukiwanie grup badań obarczonych zwiększonym ryzykiem błędu, a przez to koniecznością ich powtórzenia na podstawie analizy wykonanych i powtórzonych zdjęć rentgenowskich. Przeprowadzonoretrospektywnąanalizę22454zdjęć rentgenowskich wykonanych w latach 2011-2014. Spośród nich wyodrębniono grupę 1101 zdjęć odrzuconych. Wszystkie zdjęcia należące do grupy odrzuconych zostały powtórzone. Następnie zdjęcia te oceniono, dzieląc na grupy ze względu na rodzaj badania i analizując każdą z grup osobno. Zwrócono także uwagę na zależność czasową liczby powtarzanych zdjęć rentgenowskich w kolejnych miesiącach oraz latach okresu objętego analizą. Otrzymane wyniki pozwoliły wyodrębnić rodzaje badań, które mają podwyższone ryzyko przekroczenia zalecanego odsetka zdjęć powtórzonych, co pozwoli na zwrócenie szczególnej uwagi i zachowanie zwiększonej ostrożności podczas wykonywania ich w przyszłości. Kolejnym planowanym przez autorów krokiem jest poszerzenie zebranej bazy danych o badania wykonane do dnia bieżącego i uzupełnienie jej o informacje dotyczące przyczyny odrzucenia zdjęć, co pozwoli na bardziej dogłębną analizę potencjalnych czynników predysponujących do popełnienia błędu.

EN

The constant growth of number of radiology departments means greater availability of conventional X-ray, which increases the amount of X-rays performed, and thus elevate the number of rejected and repeated examinations. The aim of the study was to seek groups of examinations with increased risk of error and therefore the need to be remade on the basis of analysis of performed and repeated x-ray images. A retrospective analysis of 22,454 X-ray images taken in 2011-2014 was performed. Among them a group of 1,101 rejected images was distinguished. All examinations, that have been rejected have been repeated. These examinations were divided into groups according to the type of examination and each group was analyzed separately. Temporal distribution of repeated X-rays in the months and years of the analysis period was noted. The obtained results allowed to distinguished types of studies, which have increased the risk of exceeding the recommended percentage of repeated images. This knowledge will result in special attention and more cautious behavior during examinations in the future. Another step planned by the authors is to widen the database of research done and supplement it with information about the reasons for the rejection of examination, which will allow for more accurate analysis of potential factors predisposing to a mistake.

19

Stabilization of the cubic γ-U structure in U-T alloys (T = Mo, Pt, Nb, Ru, Ti)

84%

Sowa S. , Kim-Ngan N.-T. H. , Krupska-Klimczak M. , Buturlim V. , Drozdenko D. , Minarik P. , Havela L.

Journal of Machine Construction and Maintenance - Problemy Eksploatacji

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2019

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tom no. 1

39--46

EN

We present the results of the stabilization of the γ-U phase with a cubic structure in U-T alloys by means of combined ultrafast cooling (with a cooling rate 106 K/s) and doping with alloying elements in the VI and VIII group (T = Mo, Pt, Nb, Ru, Ti). The X-ray diffraction data have confirmed the cubic structure presented in all U-T alloys with the alloying element content T≥15 at.% (atomic percentage concentration). Some results of the microstructure analysis, phase distribution and orientation of selected samples by using electron backscatter diffraction are also shown.

PL

Zaprezentowaliśmy wyniki stabilizacji fazy γ-U ze strukturą kubiczną w związkach U-T za pomocą techniki ultraszybkiego chłodzenia (z szybkością chłodzenia 106 K/s) oraz domieszkowania pierwiastkami z grup VI i VIII (T= Mo, Pt, Nb, Ru, Ti). Dane dyfrakcji rentgenowskiej potwierdziły obecność kubicznej struktury we wszystkich związkach U-T posiadających zwartość pierwiastków domieszkujących T≥15 at.% (procent atomowy). Wyniki analizy mikrostruktury, rozkładu fazowego i orientacji wybranych próbek zostały również pokazane, używając dyfrakcji wstecznego rozpraszania elektronów.

20

4,6-Diazido-N-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine (TNADAzT) and Its Silver Salt − Synthesis and Characterization

83%

Musil T. , Matyáš R. , Zeman S. , Růžička A. , Lyčka A. , Majzlík J. , Vala R. , Knotek P.

Central European Journal of Energetic Materials

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2017

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tom Vol. 14, no. 2

304--320

EN

4,6-Diazido-N-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine (TNADAzT) and its silver salt (AgTNADAzT) were prepared and characterized. Elemental analysis, FTIR, NMR, DSC, AAS and X-ray diffraction were used for analytical characterization. The sensitivities of TNADAzT and AgTNADAzT were determined and compared with common explosives and MTX-1. The crystal density of TNADAzT is 1.794 g·cm−3 and its heat of formation 899 kJ·mol−1. The sensitivity of TNADAzT to impact and friction slightly exceeds PETN; the sensitivity to electrostatic discharge is lower than RDX. The sensitivity of AgTNADAzT is on the level of a primary explosives (between mercury fulminate and PETN). The initiation efficiency of AgTNADAzT is higher than 200 mg (acceptor PETN compressed by 64-70 MPa) and therefore excludes it from practical use as a primary explosive in detonators.