Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Determination of comfort levels of women with urinary incontinence

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Yücel Çinar S. , Özdemir H. , Goke Arlsan G. , Ergin E. , Gurcan S.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2021

|

tom 11(1)

88-96

EN

Purpose: This descriptive study was planned to investigate the comfort levels of women with urinary incontinence. Materials and methods: The study comprised 219 women with a complaint of urinary incontinence admitted to the outpatient clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of a university hospital between June – December 2015. The Sociodemographic Characteristics Questionnaire, Urinary Incontinence & Frequency Comfort Questionnaire (UIFCQ), and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form (ICIQ-SF) were used. Results: The study results demonstrated that the mean score the participants obtained from the UIFCQ was 4.20 ± 0.74 and that their comfort levels were moderate. Their mean score for the ICIQ-SF was 10.41± 4.98, and urinary incontinence adversely affected their quality of life in 74% of them. While the mean UIFCQ scores were KW = 48.673, p=0.00 for the frequency of urinary incontinence, t=2.33, p=0.02 for receiving treatment, KW = 58.267, p = 0.00 for the amount of urinary leakage, KW=26.37, p=0.00 for the educational attainment, t=7.04, p=0.03 for the number of births, the mean ICIQ-SF scores were KW = 13.74, p =0.00 for the educational attainment and t = 24.02, p=0.00 for the number of births (p <0.05). Conclusions: It was determined that the comfort level of the participants with urinary incontinence was moderate, that urinary incontinence affected the quality of life and that as their comfort level increased, so did their quality of life.

2

Effects of two-month walking exercise on bone mass density in young, thin women

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Habibzadeh N.

Biomedical Human Kinetics

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2010

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tom 2

5-8

EN

Study aim: To examine the effects of a walking programme on the bone mass density (BMD) in sedentary, thin women aimed at preventing bone losses.Material and methods: Twenty thin (BMI<20) women aged 22.0 ± 1.5 years volunteered to participate in the study. They were randomly assigned into the exercise (n = 10) or control (n = 10) groups, those from the experimental group being submitted to a training programme lasting two months. The programme consisted of 3 walking sessions per week, 30 min each, at 50 - 75% of maximal heart rate. Anthropometric measurements, bone mass density (by DXA) at the hip and lumbar spine (L2 - L4) and oestradiol concentration in serum (by radioimmunoassay kits) in the follicular phase were made before and after the training programme. The same diet was maintained throughout the study and was monitored by 7-day recalls.Results: The walking programme induced significant increases in BMD (by 5.2% in the hip site, p<0.001, and by 7.3% in the spine, p<0.05). Significant decreases were found in calcium concentration in both groups (by about 5%) and in phosphorus concentration in the experimental group (by about 16%). In the experimental group also the relative body fat content significantly decreased (by 7.7%).Conclusion: Walking exercise practiced for two months reduced the risk of bone loss by significantly increasing bone density.

3

Ženský Sokol

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Libichová L.

Studia Ethnologica Pragensia

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2015

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nr 2

102-109

EN

Although today is a presence of women in Sokol obvious, in the past it was not as the text shows. The text deals with the development of the women’s role in the Sokol. Based on the literature the author focuses on several topics — the birth of the first women’s gymnastics club Tělocvičný spolek paní a dívek pražských; the creation of the women’s department in the Sokol; important women in the Sokol history (Klemeňa Hanušová, Marie Provazníková) — those are the main studied questions. The paper deals with the development of the women’s role in Sokol. At the beginning, Sokol was only men’s gymnastic club. The first women’s gymnastics club Tělocvičný spolek paní a dívek pražských was created in 1869. Sofie Podlipská was elected its first mayor (president) and Klementina Hanušová became its first trainer. The first women department in Sokol was created in 1895 in the Sokol Královský Vyšehrad. The Czech Sokol Organization was established in 1889 but there was not ideal conditions for women there. According to 1895 Sokol Resolution, not only could not women walk in slet parade, but they also did not have the right to vote Sokol representatives. During the First World War women were active with both training and charity cooperation. After the War, there was a lot of enthusiasm in Sokol caused by creating of the Czechoslovak Republic. In 1920 there was held 7th slet that was revolutionary by women presence on slet parade. Marie Provazníková, new Sokol first trainer who participated in preparation of the 9th, 10th and 11th slet, emigrated in 1984 to the USA where she was also an active Sokol woman. In Communist Czechoslovakia, Sokol women involved at practicing for Spartakiadas, which allowed them spreading Sokol ideas. In 2010, first woman was elected mayor of Czech Sokol Organization, however now it is a full time job.

4

Contemporary Leaders and Leadership. New Challenges for Women

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Legutko-Kobus P. , Jastrzębska E.

MAZOWSZE Studia Regionalne

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2015

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nr 17

67-78

EN

It is often emphasied in literature dealing with the subject that civic engagement in local affairs is a development factor and advantage in the modern world, even if this is difficult to prove empirically and unequivocally. Civic engagement includes active participation of citizens in of the local community by acknowledging the capacity of influence on local affairs and representation by local leaders. When evaluating the achievements of the last quarter-century of Polish democracy (including local democracy), one should also consider the past and present role of women in building a civic society and participatory democracy. This problem has also been addressed in the article, prepared by means of a critical analysis of literature, desk and web research, in order to answer the following questions: • What is the contemporary meaning of leadership? • Who is a leader and what traits make someone likely to become a leader? • What are the characteristic traits of management by women? • How are women engaged in Polish (national and local) politics?

PL

W literaturze przedmiotu podkreśla się, że zaangażowanie obywatelskie w sprawy lokalne, w tym mocniejsza forma uczestnictwa obywateli w życiu społeczności lokalnej (rozumiane jako uznanie mocy sprawczej i wpływu na sprawy wspólnoty), reprezentowana przez lokalnych liderów, staje się nowoczesnym czynnikiem rozwoju i budowania przewag, choć trudno to jednoznacznie, empirycznie udowodnić. Dokonując podsumowań osiągnięć 25 lat polskiej demokracji (w tym lokalnej), warto także zastanowić się, jaka była i jaka jest rola kobiet w budowaniu społeczeństwa obywatelskiego i demokracji partycypacyjnej. Podejmując tą problematykę, z wykorzystaniem metod: krytycznej analizy literatury przedmiotu, analizy desk i web research,w niniejszym artykule poszukiwano odpowiedzi na następujące pytania badawcze: • jak współcześnie rozumiane jest przywództwo? • kim jest lider (liderka) i jakie cechy predestynują do bycia liderem? • czym się charakteryzuje kobiecy styl zarządzania? • jakie jest zaangażowanie kobiet w Polsce w politykę (centralną i lokalną)?

5

WIZERUNKI KOBIET W POLSKIEJ KRONICE FILMOWEJ W LATACH 1949–1953 (ZARYS PROBLEMU)

100%

Jędrzejski Ł.

Polityka i Społeczeństwo

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2015

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nr 2(13)

87-97 (11)

EN

The purpose of the article is presentation Images of Women's in Polish Film Chronicle in the 1949–1953 years. This article is intended to present the following issues: 1) What role in the editorial team of Polish Film Chronicle was played by women? 2) How was the image of women shaped and evaluated in 1949–1953 in PFC? 3) What specific rituals were observed during the celebration of International Women’s Day between 1949–1953?

6

The quality of life of women suffering from polycystic ovary syndrome

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Stadnicka G. , Łepecka-Klusek C. , Kulesza-Brończyk B. , Pilewska-Kozak A.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2015

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tom 5

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nr 2

61-68

EN

Purpose: To assess how certain clinical symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affect the quality of life of women, their activity, and their sexual lives.Materials and methods: The World Health Organization quality of life questionnaire (WHOQOL-Bref) was used to assess the quality of life and health of 78 women diagnosed with PCOS, and the female sexual function questionnaire -28 (FSQ-28) was used to assess their sexual activity and associated disorders.Results: Among three groups of women with varying body mass indexes and aged26.93 years on average, significant differences (p<0.05) were found in quality of life. In individual domains of the WHOQOL-Bref, the median score of women with obesity was lower than that of women with normal body weight or with overweight. Women with symptoms of hirsutism showed lower quality of life than women without these symptoms, while womenwho had undergone treatment for 4–6 years experienced significantly worse quality of life than those who had undergone therapy for less than 3 or more than 6 years. In the various domains of sexual response, regression analysis showed a positive correlation (p <0 .05) between better quality of life and women’s sexual activity.Conclusions: Clinical symptoms of PCOS such as obesity and hirsutism affect women’s quality of life, as does the length of infertility treatment, whereas general quality of life affects the occurrence of disorders in women at particular stages of sexual response.

7

That Which is Absent. Accounts and memories of women from the Warsaw Uprising as ready-made but not used film scenarios

100%

Kosińska K.

Kwartalnik Filmowy

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2013

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nr Special Issue - Polish Film Scholars on Polish Cinema

257-282

EN

In Polish feature films about the Warsaw Uprising there are no women. They of course appear as nurses, civilians or liaison officers. But they are always part of the background, seen, but not looking, symbolic in their presence, and never the active heroines; always serving, and never independent or autonomous. If they are the heroines of the drama, then they are part of someone else’s drama, and are not given a voice of their own. Their narratives and accounts of life, even everyday life, are left unsaid, hidden behind grand and epic narratives of the heroes. The article is about women’s "micro-narratives", the memories of women who lived in Warsaw and participated in the Warsaw Uprising in 1944. The memories give us a chance to see the Uprising in a different light, one that includes the women’s perspective and experience of the Uprising. Women's accounts, due to their graphic nature and their uniqueness appear to be ready-made but not used film scenarios.

8

“Usually People Just Accept Media And Don’t Talk About It” The Perceived Value And Enjoyment Of Critical Media Literacy In Eating Disorder Treatment

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Bindig Yousman L.

Media Literacy and Academic Research

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2021

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tom 4

|

nr 2

42-57

EN

Despite the growing success of media literacy in eating disorder prevention programs there is a lack of research on the role of media literacy in eating disorder treatment. This pilot study extends previous research through the creation and implementation of the ERA (educationrecognition-activism) curriculum, which was comprised of four-weekly, 50-minute group sessions where participants in treatment for eating disorders explored the tenets of critical media literacy, reflected on their emotional responses to media, considered how dominant media messages and social forces conflicted with personal goals for a healthy life, and engaged in activism by writing letters to organizations that contributed to or challenged toxic media culture. More specifically, this study explores the perceived value and enjoyment of the ERA curriculum in eating disorder treatment. Participant perception of media literacy as valuable and enjoyable is significant because it has the potential to combat the ambivalence and resistance that is common among individuals in eating disorder treatment and hinders recovery. Overall, the findings suggest that moving beyond prevention initiatives and incorporating critical media literacy into eating disorder treatment may be beneficial to the recovery process.

9

Kobieta, której nie było. Kobieca tożsamość w powieści Ingeborg Bachmann Der Fall Franza

100%

Bogdańska P.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Germanica

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2018

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nr 14

119-124

EN

When discussing the literary output of Ingeborg Bachmann, the role of the female identity, of the fear and of the feeling of inferiority cannot be ignored. It was an inseparable element of her creation. Bachmann became an icon of the feminist movement in the 80s, particularly because of the series of books Todesarten, that she was working on from 1962/1963 up to her death. Only a few novels appeared in her lifetime: Malina (1971), a tom of short stories Simultan (1972) and a prose Ein Ort für Zufälle (1964). One of the novels of this series, Der Fall Franza shows the woman as a victim and the man as a sadist. It is a critical voice to the ruling social order. There is the a question, what was the role of the woman in the patriarchal world?

10

Changes in physiological and biomechanical variables in women practicing the Power Yoga system

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Mróz A. , Buśko K. , Wit B.

Biomedical Human Kinetics

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2012

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tom 4

61-65

EN

Study aim: To investigate changes in selected indices of anaerobic capacity, the ability to maintain body balance and the height of elevating body's centre of mass, and maximum power output in lower limbs during countermovement jump (CMJ) after 6 months of participation in yoga classes in Ashtanga Vinyasa system (Power Yoga).Material and methods: The study included 24 untrained women who volunteered to participate in a half-year experiment. The analysis focused on 12 women who participated in the classes until the experiment ended. The Wingate test was used to evaluate anaerobic capacity. In order to measure the functional state of vestibular organ the authors used a stabilographic method. Measurements of power output in the lower limbs and the height of elevation of the centre of mass in CMJ jumps were carried out using a dynamometric platform.Results: The 6 months of training in the Power Yoga system considerably improved the height of CMJ jumps from 0.276 ± 0.048 m to 0.308 ± 0.038 m (p<0.05). These changes were not accompanied by significant increases in maximum power output (1286 ± 200 W and 1327 ± 2134 W before and after, respectively; p>0.05).Conclusions: Practicing Power Yoga does not induce changes in the anaerobic capacity and the functional state of the vestibular organ in women.

11

The (Apparent) Absence of Women in the Praise of the Ancestors (Sir 44–49)

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Pudełko J. J.

The Biblical Annals

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2016

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tom 6

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nr 1

107-126

EN

The Praise of the Ancestors (Sir 44–49) offers an interpretation of the story of Biblical Israel as seen through the eyes of Ben Sira. His telling of this story, permeated with God’s working, contains the names of male protagonists only. Still, analysis of textual versions of the Praise of the Ancestors (Hebrew, Greek and Syriac) enables us to detect some anonymous allusions to women (Sir 46:13; 47: 6.19; 48:19, 49:7). The present article attempts to investigate the reasons why there are no named references to Biblical heroines from Israel’s history, individuals who are mentioned in other books of the Bible. One answer might be found in the particular focus and educational purpose of the Praise, which was to provide a life model for young boys. Another reason might lie in the genre of the Praise, which was used in reference to women in Greek texts, but not in the Bible, where the name lists of praised heroes contained male names only. However, the most convincing reason for the absence of female names in the Praise of the Ancestors is found in its association with the priesthood of Biblical Israel. For the writer of the book, true high priests of the Jerusalem Temple constituted the ultimate keystone of the covenant between God and his people. Women, being absent from the official priesthood of Israel, are consequently absent from Sir 44–49.

12

Psychological gender of women taking up typically masculine sports activity

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Burdzicka-Wołowik J.

Biomedical Human Kinetics

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2012

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tom 4

24-28

EN

Study aim: To examine which gender scheme is used by women who take up stereotypically masculine sports activity and to obtain an answer to the question of whether these subjects achieve higher results on the masculinity scale and lower results in femininity than women who practise other sports and women who do not take up any sports activity. Do women who practise masculine sports achieve a higher sports class and self-evaluate their results better if they identify with a masculine image?Material and methods: 90 women participated in the research: 30 sportswomen who practise masculine sports (judo, boxing, wrestling); 30 women training in gymnastics, swimming and basketball; and 30 women not taking up any sports activity. The research utilized the inventory of psychological gender assessment (IPP) by Kuczynska and a questionnaire prepared by the author.Results: The analysis of the results revealed that individuals taking up sports activity are to a large extent androgynic, while as far as masculine sports are concerned, a masculine gender scheme dominates. Women practising masculine sports gain significantly higher masculinity indices and lower femininity indices when compared to the remaining subjects. Simultaneously it was not proved whether individuals with a higher intensity of masculinity achieved a higher sports class or whether they self-evaluated their sports skills better.Conclusions: Women that take part in sport activities considered by society as masculine, identify themselves with masculine and androgynic gender schema.

13

Experiencing Physical Disability: Young African Women in Lesotho

100%

Rafoneke S. , Coetzee J. K. , Bülow P. H. , Jaffray P. , Young-Hauser A.

Qualitative Sociology Review

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2018

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tom 14

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nr 4

154-167

EN

The article unwraps notions related to young African women’s lifeworld experiences of physical disability. The study is positioned in the broad context of the theoretical frameworks of phenomenology, existential sociology, the social construction of reality, feminist disability theory, and intersectionality. Focus is given to the way social systems of cultural oppression and discrimination impact women with physical impairments and manifest in how they perceive and make meaning of their everyday life experiences. Women with physical impairments often experience a double measure of oppression-being both female and disabled. When these women try to engage in a normal life and interact with others, they experience barriers imposed on them by their social reality-particularly in the form of cultural norms and patriarchal ideals. There are also instances where participants demonstrate resilience in the face of negative social stereotyping, instances that clearly show that they are not different, and do not perceive themselves as being different to able-bodied women. Drawing on semi-structured in-depth interviews with eight young Black women who are living with physical disabilities in Lesotho, the objective of this article is to examine their everyday life experiences within a predominantly able-bodied society.

14

Effects of age, gender and physical activity on plasma lipid profile

88%

Okęcka-Szymańska J. , Hübner-Woźniak E. , Piątkowska I. , Malara M.

Biomedical Human Kinetics

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2011

|

tom 3

1-5

EN

Study aim: To assess the effects of gender, age and engagement in physical activities of elderly subjects on their plasma lipid profiles.Material and methods: Four groups of subjects, n = 11 each, participated in the study: young men (YM) and women (YW), aged 25 - 32 years, and sedentary, elderly men (EM) and women (EW), aged 58 - 66 years; additionally, a group of 7 women (AW), aged 60 - 65 years, who trained twice weekly (45-min sessions) for 8 months, was studied. The following concentrations of lipids in plasma were recorded: triacylglycerols (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and its fractions: HDLC and LDLC (computed), as well as the TC/HDLC ratio.Results: Lipid profiles were, generally, less favourable in elderly than in younger subjects, high HDLC values noted in active, elderly women being an exception. In elderly subjects, men's profiles were closer to those of younger subjects than in elderly women and differed significantly (p<0.001) lower for TC and LDLC compared with EW group. Triacylglycerols were within normal limits in all groups except EW; LDLC values were mostly abnormally high, the percentages of subjects having normal values ranging from 0 (YM and EW) to 27% (YW).Conclusions: The age-dependent worsening of lipid profiles increased the risk of cardiovascular diseases in sedentary elderly subjects. On the other hand, the beneficial effects of motor activities on lipid profile observed in elderly women evidence the indispensability recommending of physical exercises to the elderly.

15

Effect of participating in fitness classes on postural stability of young women

88%

Truszczyńska A. , Jarmuziewicz A. , Drzał-Grabiec J.

Biomedical Human Kinetics

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2015

|

tom 7

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nr 1

EN

Study aim: the aim of the study was to compare the postural stability and ability to control balance in active women who attend fitness classes versus inactive women. Material and methods: the study included 41 women who exercise regularly (mean age 28.64±5.26 years). The control group consisted of 42 women not engaged in regular physical activity (mean age 28.55±5.05 years). In each subject, postural stability testing was performed using the Stabilometric Platform CQStab2P (the 2-platform version). Authors analysed the mean, median and standard deviation for each parameter of the stabilogram and statokinesiogram. Results: for most of the studied parameters, the statistical analysis showed a positive effect of exercising on the level of fitness compared to the control group, for both the test with eyes open and the test with eyes closed. Conclusions: attending fitness classes significantly affects postural stability and balance control in young women, and leads to lesser dependence on sight to maintain it.

16

Dietary intake of energy and selected nutrients and plasma lipid profile in young women and men with different levels of physical activity

88%

Malara M. , Hübner-Woźniak E.

Biomedical Human Kinetics

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2013

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tom 5

|

nr 1

99-107

EN

Study aim: The purpose was to assess dietary intake of energy and selected nutrients and plasma lipid profile in young women and men with different levels of physical activity. Material and methods: The research included a total of 116 female and male students at the University of Physical Education who differed in their levels of physical activity. Analysis of the diets was based on 24-hour dietary interviews collected over 4 days prior to blood collection. Concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), and triacylglycerol (TG) were measured in venous blood. In addition, the concentration of LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) and the ratios of TC / HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C were calculated. Results: Women, regardless of their physical activity levels, were characterized by a significantly higher concentration of total cholesterol in plasma (4.8 and 4.5 mmol/L, respectively - in training participants; 4.7 and 4.3 mmol/L, respectively - in non-training participants), although their dietary intake of cholesterol was significantly lower in comparison with the corresponding groups of men (282.0 and 484.7 mg, respectively - in training participants; 252.6 and 400.2 mg, respectively - in non-training participants). A trend toward a worse lipid profile of training women and men compared with the corresponding groups of non-training participants was also observed. Conclusions: Increased physical activity in the groups of training women and men was not a sufficient stimulus to induce positive changes in their lipid profiles. Nor can it be excluded that the observed differences were the result of diet, as dietary intake of cholesterol in the groups of training women and men was higher compared with the corresponding groups of non-training participants.

17

The Self-employment of Women in Azerbaijan

88%

Gomółka K.

Studia Europejskie-Studies in European Affairs

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2021

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tom 25

|

nr 2

171-190

EN

Azerbaijan has a population of more than 10 million, of which women accounted for 50% in 2020. At the same time, 93% of Azerbaijan's citizens describe themselves as Muslims. Since the beginning of independence, Azerbaijan has been a secular state by virtue of Article 48 of the Constitution, which guarantees the freedom of worship, choice, or nonpractice of religion and the freedom of expression of one's own views on religion. This article aims to assess the changes in the self-employment of women in Azerbaijan through a deductive analysis of data and observation of changes in the structure of resources based on generally available macroeconomic data. This study focuses on the situation of women on the Azerbaijani labour market over the two decades of the 21st century. The numbers of economically active women, including those in employment and the unemployed, and economically inactive women are specified. Further, the government's legal and financial policy in respect of women's self-employment is analysed. The author determines what percentage of companies were set up by women and in which sectors and locations.

18

The impact of Confucianism on modern Japanese women’s life

88%

Barbasiewicz O.

Acta Asiatica Varsoviensia

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2013

|

nr 26

159-173

EN

The aim of this article is to consider questions regarding Japanese culture and Confucianism, especially while researching women in Japan. The author will describe the implementation of Confucian values in Japanese society, the Confucian attitude towards the role of women and the situation of Japanese females. The article will examine the question of whether there are similarities between the situations of women in countries which implemented Confucian morals and ethics, and to compare this situations with contemporary Japanese society.

19

Poland: A Dark Side of Church Cultural Policy

88%

Szocik K. , Szyja A.

Studia Humana

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2015

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tom 4

|

nr 4

13-22

EN

The cultural policy of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland is incorporated into state-run cultural policies. The organs of public authority enforce the objectives of Church regardless of Church’s actual ability to influence the society. It should be pointed out that the secularization of religion in Poland is frequently misinterpreted and usually equated with its deprivatization. It is worth mentioning that Catholicism is the dominant religion of the country and the Roman Catholic Church has hold a special position in Poland and play a major role in the country’s social and political life. In practice, however, Polish society appears to be religiously indifferent. This paper proves that the official, state-run cultural policy in Poland is based on favoritism of the Roman Catholic Church, regardless of Church’s actual ability to wield influence on society. Thus, there is a variety of implicit and explicit cultural policies implemented by the authorities to support Church. This work also aims at addressing the question of social attitudes to women, especially the one concerning the UN and EU law embracing women’s rights, until recently still not implemented in Poland. This paper further explores some peculiarities of this topic as an example of a specific outcome of Church cultural policy and its impact on both the past and present-day society.

20

State/trait anxiety and anxiolytic effects of acute physical exercises

88%

Guszkowska M.

Biomedical Human Kinetics

|

2009

|

tom 1

6-10

EN

Study aim: To determine anxiolytic effects of acute physical exertions in relation to the initial anxiety state and trait in women.Material and methods: A group of 163 women aged 16 - 56 years, attending fitness clubs in Warsaw, participated in the study. They selected a single exercise to perform - strength, aerobic or mixed, lasting 30 to over 60 min. They were requested to fill Spielberger's STAI questionnaires for determining the state anxiety (pre- and post-exercise) and trait anxiety (post-exercise). Questionnaire results were converted to logarithms, pre-post differences were computed and correlated with age, trait anxiety and pre-exercise state anxiety. Multiple correlation and the contributions of independent variables to the total variance of pre-post differences were also computed.Results: Pre-post differences in state anxiety were significantly correlated with pre-exercise state anxiety (r = 0.514; p<0.001) but not with either age or trait anxiety. As shown by regression equation, pre-exercise state anxiety up to 28 may, on the average, be associated with post-exercise increases. The contribution of pre-exercise state anxiety to the total variance of pre-post differences amounted to 27% (p<0.001), those of other variables not exceeding 5%.Conclusions: The fact that subjects with high pre-exercise state anxiety are prone to its highest decrease post-exercise ought to be considered when designing leisure activity programmes.