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Muscle torques of lower leg rotators in untrained subjects

100%

Hrycyna M. , Zieliński J.

Biomedical Human Kinetics

2011

tom 3

78-81

Study aim: To determine the relationships between muscle torques of lower leg rotators and rotation angle, and angular position at the knee joint.Material and methods: A group of 171 untrained male subjects aged 19 - 25 years were studied. A specially designed measuring set was used. Muscle torques were determined at -30, 0 and 45° of lower leg rotation, angular positions at the knee joint being 30 or 90°.Results: Rotation angle and angular position at the knee joint, as well as the declared laterality, significantly affected muscle torques of lower leg rotators. Highest muscle torques amounted to 55.2 ± 5.6 Nm (lower leg pronation) and 42.6 ± 7.4 Nm (lower leg supination).Conclusions: The results may contribute to a deeper evaluation of human locomotor apparatus and to reduce the destructive forces acting on the knee joint in athletes and to improve monitoring the functions of reconstructed knee joint in rehabilitees.

A multi-property fluorescent probe for the investigation of polymer dynamics near the glass transition

100%

Siekierzycka J. , Hippius C. , Würthner F. , Williams R. , Brouwer A.

Open Chemistry

2014

tom 12

nr 9

937-952

In addition to the commonly observed single molecule fluorescence intensity fluctuations due to molecular reorientation dynamics, a perylene bisimide-calixarene compound (1) shows additional on-off fluctuations due to its ability to undergo intramolecular excited state electron transfer (PET). This quenching process is turned on rather sharply when a film of poly(vinylacetate) containing 1 is heated above its glass transition temperature (T g), which indicates that the electron transfer process depends on the availability of sufficient free volume. Spatial heterogeneities cause different individual molecules to reach the electron transfer regime at different temperatures, but these heterogeneities also fluctuate in time: in the matrix above T g molecules that are mostly nonfluorescent due to PET can become fluorescent again on timescales of seconds to minutes. The two different mechanisms for intensity fluctuation, rotation and PET, thus far only observed in compound 1, make it a unique probe for the dynamics of supercooled liquids.