Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

The use of hydrogel in afforestation of postindustrial areas

100%

Ptach W. , Boczoń A. , Wróbel M.

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2009

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tom no. 13b

125-135

EN

Some areas intended for afforestation are characterised by a lack of moisture and mineral nutrients. One of the approaches to improve water retention capacity of soils is the use of hydrogels (polymer soil conditioners). The presented experiment was performed with 4 different methods of hydrogel applications and control in a post-industrial area - a dumping ground of the Brown Coal Mine Bełchatów (Forest District Administration Bełchatów). The Aquaterra product (pure hydrogel) and hydrogel with nutrients (TerraVit) produced by Terra-Gubin company were used in all experiments. From 292 to 306 one-year old seedlings of Pinus sylvestris L. of an average height of 80-101 mm were planted in each plot. The influence of hydrogel application method on successful afforestation and growth of seedling was analyzed after the first vegetation year. Maximum number of survived seedlings (93.3%) was observed for hydrogel applied through roots coating, minimum (72.4%) for hydrogel with fertilizers applied under plants. Results obtained for pure hydrogel surface application (89.1%) and pure hydrogel applied under plants (85.3%) can be compared with results from control plot (89.7%). Mean heights of surviving seedlings were similar (128-130 mm) for root coating, and both methods of hydrogel application under plants, in contrast with surficial hydrogel application (117 mm) and control where they were minimal (111 mm). Mean height increments in surviving seedlings were minimum in control plot (31 mm), and similar (38-40 mm) for root coating and surface application. The best results of height increments (47 mm) were obtained when hydrogel mixed with fertiliser was applied under plants. To sum up, in view of plant survival the best method of polymer soil conditioner (hydrogel) application was root coating; this method gave also satisfactory increments of plant height.

PL

Na niektórych terenach przeznaczonych do zalesienia występuje brak wody i niedobór substancji pokarmowych. Jednym ze sposobów poprawy pojemności wodnej gleb jest wykorzystanie hydrożeli (polimerowych kondycjonerów glebowych). Prezentowane wyniki uzyskano, realizując na zalesianych powierzchniach składowiska kopalni węgla brunatnego w Bełchatowie doświadczenia z wykorzystaniem czterech metod aplikacji hydrożelu oraz doświadczenia kontrolnego. W przeprowadzonych eksperymentach wykorzystano hydrożel o handlowej nazwie Aquaterra bez domieszek oraz hydrożel z domieszką związków nawozowych (TerraVit), aplikowane do gleby o składzie granulometrycznym odpowiadającym piaskowi słabogliniastemu. Na 5 poletkach doświadczalnych wysadzono od 292 do 306 jednorocznych sadzonek Pinus sylvestris L. o średniej wysokości 80-101 mm. Wpływ aplikacji hydrożelu na skuteczność zalesienia i wzrost sadzonek poddano analizie po pierwszym roku wegetacji. Najwięcej sadzonek, które przetrwały po I roku wegetacji (93,3%), zaobserwowano na poletku, na którym hydrożel zastosowano w postaci pokrywającego korzenie roztworu wodnego, najmniej (72,4%), gdy hydrożel z dodatkiem związków nawozowych zastosowano jako posypkę. Wyniki stosowania hydrożelu bez domieszek aplikowanego powierzchniowo (89,1%) oraz jako podsypka (85,3%) są porównywalne z uzyskanymi na poletku kontrolnym (89,7%). Średnia wysokość przetrwałych sadzonek są porównywalne (128-130 mm) w przypadku stosowania nakorzeniowej aplikacji roztworu hydrożelu i obu metod podsypki (czysty hydrożel i hydrożel z posypką) w porównaniu z metodą powierzchniową (117 mm) i poletkiem kontrolnym, gdzie były najmniejsze (111 mm). Średnie przyrosty pomierzone po roku od nasadzeń były najmniejsze na poletku kontrolnym (31 mm), porównywalne (38-40 mm) z uzyskanymi, gdy korzenie pokrywano roztworem i hydrożel stosowano powierzchniowo. Największe przyrosty (47 mm) uzyskano, stosując metodę podsypki hydrożelu z nawozami. Podsumowując: ze względu na przetrwalność sadzonek (udatność nasadzeń) za najlepszą metodę stosowania hydrożelu można przyjąć pokrywanie korzeni sadzonek jego roztworem. Metoda ta daje również zadowalające przyrosty sadzonek po pierwszym roku wegetacji.

2

Influence of thermal modification of Scots pine wood (Pinus sylvestris L.) on color changes

94%

Jankowska A. , Kozakiewicz P.

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology

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2014

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tom No. 88

92--96

EN

Influence of thermal modification of Scots pine wood (Pinus sylvestris L.) on color changes. This study describes experiments of testing color of heat treated wood samples. Heat treatment was done at 150, 160, 170 i 180 °C during 2,5 h in over heated steam. Color measurement was made according CIE LCh system. The experiment show that thermally treatment caused darkening of wood. The higher temperature of modification is, the greater changes in color are and difference between sapwood and heartwood are lower. Heartwood of Scots pine showed higher changes than sapwood.

3

Impact of air pollution on forest stands in the vicinity of Wodzisław Śląski and Rybnik, Poland

94%

Barniak J. , Jureczko A.

Geology, Geophysics and Environment

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2019

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tom Vol. 45, no. 4

283--290

EN

Tree-ring analysis was used to investigate the impact of air pollution on forest stands in southern part of the Upper Silesia region of southern Poland. Four about 120 years old Scots pine stands located near Wodzisław Śląski and Rybnik were selected for study and 20 increment core samples from each stand were taken. All study stands were selected based upon their considerable exposure to air and dust pollution. The results of dendrochronological analysis showed strong and significant reductions in tree ring growth especially during the period from 1960 to 1990. A significant number of trees with reductions (85%) was observed in two Scots pine stands both of which are directly exposed to air pollution from mine-owned coking plant and power and heating plants. Since 1990s the improved growth of these pines was clearly noted. A comparison for the period 1970 to 1990 for stands located west from the main emitters’ versus stands east and directly exposed found fewer trees with growth reductions (ca. 40%). At the beginning of the 21st century, a large number of trees in these western stands were observed with growth reductions between 50 and 60%. Probably, these trees were affected by air pollution from a nearby power plant located immediately across the border in the Czech Republic. Relationships between periods of severe reductions in ring width growth or missing rings were noted in a large percentage of pine trees in all four stands; these cross-stand relationships suggested common weather related impacts. Missing rings were noted in 1956, 1963, 1968, 1970, 1971, 1973, 1976 and 1979.

4

Sosna zwyczajna Pinus sylvestris L. w rezerwacie Pusta Wielka

94%

Krzyszewski J.

Chrońmy Przyrodę Ojczystą

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2007

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tom 63

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nr 6

75-81

5

Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) ecosystem response to climate on a temperate to boreal forest transect : project description

94%

Reed D.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2003

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tom Vol. 51, nr 4

399-401

EN

This brief paper describes the history and conceptual framework underlying the research presented in the remaining papers in this volume. This project began in 1996 as an international effort to examine Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) ecosystem structure and function in one of the few accessible areas on earth where similar forested ecosystems exist over a 20 stopni range in latitude. Widely predicted climate warming leads to serious concerns about how ecosystems may respond to stresses created by climate change. In order to recognize evidence of warming and predict likely future responses, it is necessary to understand how ecosystems that are distributed along climatic gradients accommodate wide climatic differences. Few tree species are distributed as widely as Scots pine, which ranges over much of Europe. This species is ideal for investigations that address questions regarding climate change effects on forest ecosystem structure and processes. Its distribution over comparable sites extending from temperate to boreal zones (over more than 20 stopni of latitude from northern Finland to southern Poland) permits characterization of this ecosystem over a relatively wide climatic range (covering a mean annual temperature difference of 9 stopni C). This transect: 1) provides information concerning numerous ecological processes over this wide range of conditions; 2) serves as a template for the development, testing, and evaluation of specific ecological indicators related to climate change; and 3) allows evaluation, comparison, and projection of ecological properties and processes among similar ecosystems with varying climate.

6

Carbon pools and storage along a temperate to boreal transect in Northern Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) forests

94%

Reed D. , Nagel L.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2003

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tom Vol. 51, nr 4

545-552

EN

A significant portion of global terrestrial carbon is stored in forested ecosystems, particularly in systems north of 50 stopni N latitude. Carbon fluxes to and from these systems have the potential to greatly influence global terrestrial C storage, and provide feedback loops in the global carbon cycle. This study examines total ecosystem C storage, and its allocation among ecosystem components, in nine study sites located in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) forests located from 50 stopni N (southern Poland) to 70 stopni N (northern Finland). Results indicate a remarkable similarity in total ecosystem C, despite great deal of change in total C storage in these systems. The two component C pools that differ the most are the overstory biomass and the organic soil horizons; this raises the concern that these sites could be short-term sources of atmospheric C due to more rapid decomposition in the face of channing climate, but the overstory biomass could be a longer-term, possibly offsetting sink of atmospheric C.

7

Disorders of programmed cell death in differentiating tracheids and anatomical abnormalities of Pinus sylvestris wood in polluted environment

94%

Rusin A. , Tulik M.

Polish Journal of Natural Sciences. Supplement

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2003

|

tom 01

8

Grzyby endofityczne w zywych iglach Pinus silvestris L.

84%

Kowalski T. , Pozdzik P.

Acta Agraria et Silvestria. Series Silvestris

|

1993

|

tom 31

17-30

PL

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań nad mikoflorą endofityczną w żywych igłach Pinus silvestris, nie wykazujących objawów chorobowych. Częstotliwość zasiedlania igieł przez grzyby podano w zależności od wieku drzew, wieku igieł, usytuowania igieł w koronie drzew i pory roku.

EN

The study material consisted of living symptomless needles of P. sylvestris collected in 2-year-old and 13-year-old stands in the В rynek management unit during three terms: September 1989, November 1989 and March 1990, In 13-year-old stand ten needles of the 1-st and ten of the 2-nd year were collected in the lower and upper part of the crown of six trees. In 2-year-old stand two primary needles were collected from each of the 30 1-year-old seedlings originating from natural regeneration, and the same number of needles of the 1 -st year from 30 2-year-old seedlings originating from artificial regeneration by direct seeding. In total, 1080 needles were utilized in the study. Needle surface disinfection was accomplished using sublimate or natrium hypochlorite. After disinfection each needle was divided into six even length sections (6480 needle sections in total) and placed on malt agar in Petri dishes. In 2-year-old stand rate of infection was 73.9% of needles, while that in 13-year-old stand 87.4%. In total 2622 cultures of fungi were isolated, among which 45 species of fungi were identified. The following six species were characterized by high frequency of occurrence: Anthostomella formosa, Cenangium ferruginosum, Cyclaneusma minus, Lophodermium pinastri, Lophodermium seditiosum and Sclerophoma pythiophila (tab. 1). Alternaria alternata, Aureobasidium pullulans, Cladosporium spp., Epicoccum nigrum and Sclerophoma pythiophila were isolated more frequently from the needles disinfected with sublimate then from the needles disinfected with natrium hypochlorite (tab. 1), In 13-year-old stand the infection rate of the 2-nd year needles was by about 20% higher than the infection rate of the 1-st year needles (tab. 2). Needle colonization frequency depended on that, whether they were situated in the lower or upper part of the tree crown (fig. 1). For most fungi no preference for a specific needle section, e.g. base, the middle, or apex, was observed (tab. 3).

9

Wpływ upraw Pinus sylvestris i Salix daphnoides na stosunki florystyczne w zespole Helichryso-Jasionetum cladonietosum

84%

Faltynowicz W.

Zeszyty Naukowe Wydziału Biologii, Geografii i Oceanologii. Uniwersytet Gdański. Biologia

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1987

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nr 08

10

Wspolczesna chronologia sosny zwyczajnej [Pinus sylvestris L.] w rejonie Torunia

83%

Zielski A.

Acta Universitatis Nicolai Copernici. Biologia

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1995

|

tom 48[93]

203-222

11

The borings of Teredinidae in fossil wood of Taxodium Distichum Gothan, 1906

83%

Krajewski A. , Witomski P. , Oleksiewicz A.

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology

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2019

|

tom 107

12

Zroznicowanie jakosciowe sosny roznego pochodzenia euroazjatyckiego.

83%

Giertych M.

Działalność Naukowa PAN. Wybrane Zagadnienia

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2000

|

tom 09

54-55

13

Osobliwy okaz sosny zwyczajnej Pinus sylvestris w Obszarze Chronionego Krajobrazu Kozi Bor na Lubelszczyznie

83%

Luczycka-Popiel A.

Chrońmy Przyrodę Ojczystą

|

2000

|

tom 56

|

nr 6

137-139

14

The damage caused by wind in middle-aged Scots pine stands on permanent thinning experimental plots

83%

Zachara T. , Gil W.

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry

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2021

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tom 63

|

nr 4

15

Wplyw zanieczyszczonego srodowiska na cechy morfologiczne sosny zwyczajnej [Pinus sylvestris L.]

83%

Fober H.

Arboretum Kórnickie

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1997

|

tom 42

199-215

16

Badanie nad proweniencjami sosny pospolitej [Pinus silvestris L.] w Nadleśnictwie Trzcianka

83%

Bartol R.

Sylwan

|

1992

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tom 136

|

nr 02

73-76

17

Pollen viability in hybrid swarm populations of Pinus mugo Turra and P. sylvestris L.

83%

Kormutak A. , Bohovicova J. , Vookova B. , Gomory D.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

|

2007

|

tom 49

|

nr 1

61-66

EN

Pollen viability was tested in two hybrid swarm populations of Pinus mugo and P. sylvestris in northern Slovakia and in control populations of the parental species. It was significantly reduced in hybrid populations, as evidenced by average germination percentages ranging from 49.0% and 61.53% and by pollen tube length averaging 74.54-86.47 µm. The corresponding values in the control populations were 78.38-88.5% and 102.92-152.84 µm, respectively. The frequency of microsporogenesis disturbances at the tetrad and mature pollen stages was higher in hybrid swarms than in the control population of P. sylvestris. Based on in vitro germination data, the amount of sterile pollen was estimated at 40-41% in hybrid swarm populations, 12% in P. sylvestris, and 21% in P. mugo.

18

O zdolnosci regeneracyjnej sosny zwyczajnej [Pinus sylvestris L.]

83%

Czekalski M.

Rocznik Dendrologiczny

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2002

|

tom 50

49-61

19

Sub-fossil wood from the Rucianka raised bog (NE Poland) as an indicator of climatic changes in the first millennium BC

83%

Barniak J. , Krąpiec M. , Jurys L.

Geochronometria

|

2014

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tom Vol. 41, no. 1

104--110

EN

The dendrochronological studies were carried out on very well preserved sub-fossil pine wood found in the biogenic deposits of the Rucianka raised bog (NE Poland). Local floating chronol-ogies, covering the period 990-460 cal BC, were dated on the basis of radiocarbon analyses. Growth depressions in annual tree-ring widths indicated periodical deterioration of the environmental condi-tions, which affected tree growth. Identified germination and dying-off phases (GDO) should be re-lated to the wetter climatic periods. The extinction of trees took place during periods of higher groundwater level which, in turn, caused favourable conditions for growth of young pines.

20

Możliwości wzrostu wydajności żywicy u sosny zwyczajnej [Pinus sylvestris L.]

83%

Antkowiak L.

Sylwan

|

1992

|

tom 136

|

nr 05

43-49