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1
Content available remote Názvy používané v rodinnom prostredí
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Acta onomastica
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2008
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tom 49
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nr 1
218-224
EN
The article provides an analysis of names, which are used by a small group of family members. The authoress speaks about one extended family. Grandfather and grandmother are in the head of the family. They give some information about the family life and family history to all members in minor place-names, furniture-names, electric machine-names, etc. The name creator chooses the words from a special level of the language. Since the grand parents speak dialect, the most names have also some dialectal traits.
2
Content available remote Minerální prameny v severním povodí řeky Mže
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Acta onomastica
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2009
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tom 50
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nr 1
102-107
EN
The paper is focused on the names of mineral springs in the central part of Western Bohemian Spa area, their origins and changes. The majority of those fountains was called after the neighbouring villages, where they are known by local inhabitants as sources of delicious water. This article concentrates on some of them, which got special names - originally after location, character and savour. During the 19th century, they were newly named - after saints, clergymen and royal personalities. The owners of mineral sources, who profited here heavily, led a struggle against competitors owning other springs and there and then, some wells were destructed. Other damages were caused by wrong amelioration or road construction. With the extinction of the well even its name was extinct.
3
Content available remote Jména hostinců v České Lípě do roku 1945
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Acta onomastica
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2008
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tom 49
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nr 1
280-290
EN
The oldest names of Ceska Lipa inns are recorded in the sources from 16th century. Smaller inns were usually named only after their owners or renters. As late as in 1835 still many inns had such names. For this reason, in 1852 the municipality ordered the innkeepers to raise inn signs including the inn name that would not be derived from the innkeeper's name in 1852; however, this order was not being fulfilled. Due to the majority of German inhabitants, almost all names of Boehmisch Leipa - Ceska Lipa inns were German. The inns in Ceska Lipa were named especially after: present or former owners or innkeepers, location of the inn, important cities (especially capitals), animals (especially heraldic ones), plants (especially flowers and trees), sky objects, religious symbolism or important personalities. The concluding register records the changes of the names of all inns in the historical centre of the town and in the suburbs.
4
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EN
In the article all kinds of changes that were discussed and established during recent sessions of the Commision of Names of Localities and Physographic Objects are talked over. The changes referred to such objects as hamlets that became villages or villages that became hamlets. However, the names remained. Some names of the existing localities were changed, others removed or named differently. It is impossible to point to the range of these name changes before all the proposals from the local administrations of particular commune councils are gathered. However, even rough observations afford unpleasant reflexions: a lot of parts of villages, hamlets, settlements, forest's lodges - and their names - ceased to exist. They will be only preserved in the older official lists of names of localities in Poland. Only a comparison between the whole of the gathered material and the above mentioned lists will be able to show us the range of changes in names of inhabited objects. However, it is to stress that realisation of such a comparison will be extremely difficult.
5
Content available remote Mlýny tereziánského katastru a jejich zaniklé názvy – II.
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Acta onomastica
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2008
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tom 49
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nr 1
162-166
EN
The article continues in the analysis of extinct names of water mills in a part of Bohemia, the localisation of which had not been known before. The author determines their localization and follows the development of their names. The reason for the extinction of old names was not only the end of existence of the mill, but mainly changes of the mill-owners, change of the kind of production of these small industrial objects and even the demolishing of the water-mills ordered by local authorities.
6
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Acta onomastica
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2008
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tom 49
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nr 1
212-219
EN
The article focuses on some contemporary names used by car manufacturers. In addition to the basic onymic functions, these names are characterized particularly by the associative/connotative function, i.e. they also include appellative meanings. However, some of the described names have such an unusual form that it might complicate decoding these meanings. Besides that, a special attention is paid to names of contemporary models produced by Skoda Auto, a. s.
7
Content available remote Modele metonimiczne w procesie onimizacji
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Acta onomastica
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2008
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tom 49
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nr 1
299-307
EN
The author describes the main metonymic models within toponymy, anthroponymy and zoonymy. The main definition of metonymy is the traditional regarding in the term of contiguity. In the paper, metonymy is considered in the cognitive linguistic way, as the process of conceptualization. Here, the notion of conceptual contiguity replaces the traditional metonymic relationships. The main metonymic models are: PART FOR WHOLE, POSESSOR FOR PLACE, EVENT FOR PLACE, PLACE FOR PERSON, OCCUPATION FOR PERSON etc. Metonymies as above may lead to ways of conceptualization of space, places, people and animals.
8
Content available remote Transonymizácia v názvoch horolezeckých ciest
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Acta onomastica
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2008
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tom 49
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nr 1
42-50
EN
The study deals with the transonymisation - transfer of an already existing proper name into a new onymic class - climbing-path names. The orohodonyms (climbing-path names) identify the vertical lines of the parts of rocks which serve for climbing purposes. The authors and the users of the proper names are climbers; they are therefore referred to as sociolect orohodonyms (socioorohodonyms). The already existing proper names influence the formation of climbing roadnames. In the investigated field of rockclimbing, orohodonyms come into existence by transonymisation of anthroponyms (personal proper names), zoonyms (animal proper names), toponyms (oikonyms 'proper name for the inhabited area' and anoikonyms 'proper name for the uninhabited area') and chrematonyms (proper name for objects which are the result of human activity and have been naturalized in economical, political and cultural relations). The terms of antroponymic origin are most frequent.
Acta onomastica
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2008
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tom 49
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nr 1
194-203
EN
The paper provides an analysis of the unofficial forms of both first names and surnames used in the town of Krasno nad Kysucou (Slovakia). The analysed functional elements are represented by hypocoristics, unofficial forms of surnames, individual characterisations, unofficial names of families, names of houses, and appellative elements. The analysed material consists of names of 804 people. The frequency distribution of unofficial forms of anthroponyms has been determined on the basis of the proportion of their number compared to the number of named people. The individual functional elements have been characterised by semantic attributes.
10
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Acta onomastica
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2008
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tom 49
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nr 1
236-240
EN
The article is devoted to the interpretation of two Czech place-names - Louny and Lounky. According to the authoress, these toponyms reflect the hydrological and pedological situation of the given localities: they are probably connected with the non-attested common noun '*lun' and '*loun' (muddy place). The muddy terrain in the investigated localities is proved by historical and historical-geographical works, as well as by the contemporary descriptions of regional researchers.
11
Content available remote Publikuje jako Libuše Olivová-Nezbedová
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Acta onomastica
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2008
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tom 49
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nr 1
181-186
EN
The article focuses on the surnames Nezbeda and Oliva, used by Libuse Olivova in her publications. The authoress provides their analyses from the point of view of their possible appellative origin and thinks of the locality that the potencial ancestors of her father Nezbeda and her husband Oliva could come from; also their possible occupation is considered. The frequency of these surnames in the years 1990, 1999 and 2008 is also recorded in the paper
Acta onomastica
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2008
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tom 49
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nr 1
258-264
EN
1. Both the oikonym and the anoikonym Ples are explained by means of the dialectal noun 'ples' (depression in the ground of the river). The origin of this noun has not been explained clearly yet. The connection between the toponyms and the appelative enables to explain them from the root *plekt- (to plait) with the original meaning ((simple) weir made of plaited branches). This meaning has changed later - through the metonymical shift - to the meaning 'area behind the weir'. 2. Two oikonyms Plesna occuring in two different Bohemian and Moravian regions could be homonyms: the first one is connected with the noun 'pleso' (lake), the other one is supposed (on the basis of the oldest forms of this noun) to be of a different origin which is not clear: the hitherto stated motivation by the root *bliz- (near) is not probable.
13
Content available remote Obrzędowość i symbolika w antroponimii żydowskiej
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EN
The article focuses on the connection between Jewish anthroponymy and Jewish customs and traditions. The examples quoted in this work illustrate the relationship between the names and the various honorable posts, work in the synagogue and performing specific functions in circumcision rites, the last offices etc. The second group is formed by the surnames referring to the symbolism of the festivals, symbolic meaning of the festive dishes, liturgical items
14
Content available remote Proměny jména Noe, Noé v českém jazyce
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Acta onomastica
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2008
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tom 49
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nr 1
143-149
EN
On an historical overview, the article demonstrates the various modes of integration of the original Hebrew personal name Noe, Noe into the system of Czech. This name was not usually declined in the Old Czech (the exceptions are quite rare). On the other hand, in the Middle Czech, the name is declined quite rigorously and the forms Noel, -e/-a, -ovi... (and Nohel, Noheluv, solving the problem with the hiatus) appear. This state was kept for a long time, until the Modern Czech. During the 19th and 20th centuries, the extension of the basis Noem- in all cases (except the nominative) is gradually established: Noe, Noema, Noemovi, s Noemem... These forms penetrate into all Czech translations of the Bible, except the ecumenic one, which uses pronominal endings for the inflection: Noeho, Noemu, o Noem.
15
Content available remote K adjektivům ze jmen rostlin a porostů v anoikonymech na Moravě a ve Slezsku
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EN
The paper is devoted to the minor place-names including the nouns 'cesta' (road) or 'alej' (alley) in the area of Moravia and the Czech part of Silesia. It concentrates on the adjectival parts of the minor place-names which were derivated from the appellative names of plants, their parts and from the appellative names of growths. The first part of the article deals with semantic classificaton of names from which the adjective has been derived and the noun 'cesta' or 'alej'; the majority of adjectives were created from the noun 'trava' (grass) or from the names of different types of trees. The second part of the article deals with formal features; the most used adjectival suffix is -ov(y). The authoresses summarise the dialectal phenomena of the adjectives in the minor place-names as well.
16
Content available remote Problematika pomenovania mliečnych výrobkov
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EN
The article is focused on an analysis of naming procedures used for creating the names of dairy products. From the factual point of view, the names are classified into two groups - descriptive and creative names; the positives and negatives of both groups are discussed. The author also offers a brief overview of criteria which should be - according to her recommendations - followed when creating the individual names. The orthographic aspect of the analysed names is commented on as well.
17
Content available remote O sudbini grčkog ženskog imena Irina u srpskom jeziku
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Acta onomastica
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2008
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tom 49
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nr 1
264-270
EN
The Greek female name Irina was mentioned for the first time in the Serbian language of the 15th century, when the Greek princess Irina Kantakuzin married Djurdje Brankovic, the Serbian despot. Since she was a foreigner on the Serbian court, she was blamed for the destruction of the Serbian state and she got the nickname 'The Damned Jerina'. This paper is about the anthroponym Irina seen from three aspects: (1) From the aspect of phonetic adaptation of the anthroponym: the Greek name Irina became the Serbian name Jerina; (2) From the aspect of derivation of the appellative jerina (the ruins of an old town) from the anthroponym Jerina, and (3) From the aspect of the change in the meaning of the name Irina (meaning peace in Greek) into the name which bears a negative connotation in Serbia and the name that becomes a protective name: that is, the new-born female children, in the families which have no male children, are named Jerina in order to stop the birth of further female children.
18
Content available remote Apotropäische Personennamen in slawischen Ortsnamen der Lausitz
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Acta onomastica
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2008
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tom 49
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nr 1
361-362
EN
The paper deals with Lusatian place-names derived from a specific kind of personal names called apotropaia. These names are formed with the Slavic negation particles 'ne' or 'ni' (no, not) affixed to personal names in order to keep away demons and evil spirits from the newborn child. They belong to the oldest stratum of Slavic personal names. These derivative place names occur only in areas with very good soil. Ten of them are situated in Upper Lusatia, four in Lower Lusatia.
19
Content available remote Enviromentální rozměr toponomastiky
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Acta onomastica
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2008
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tom 49
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nr 1
98-106
EN
The article focuses on the mutual relationship between toponomastics and environmentalism. At the moment, their existing contacts are not too intensive. The works and texts that could be considered as environmentalistic using the evidence of place-names and their analysis are presented in the paper. The author shows their relations and refers to the possible risk of maximization of the evidence of place-names and minor place-names as illustrated by the example of 'wolf place-names', e.g. Vlcovice, Vlci jamy, Vlci hrdlo.
20
Content available remote Příspěvek ke studiu nejstarších českých pomístních jmen
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EN
The paper deals with the oldest records of Czech minor place-names preserved in the oldest Latin documents from 11th - 13th centuries. Most frequently, the individual recorded names refer to prominent topographic objects (watercourses and terrain elevations), which can be relatively exactly localised (i.e. identified with an existing object). A majority of material is formed by one-word names. The word formation analysis shows that for example the suffixes -ov(y), -ica ( -ice, -ice), -ava or -ec are used. The analysed material also proves some traits of the Old-Czech phonology, for example the existence of the so-called accompanying vowels occurring in connection with syllabic liquids (Tyrnawa), preservation of the consonant group sc ( -st: Mostisce) or preservation of 'u/'u ( - i/i: Za Moravicu).
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