Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

The influence of morphological differences between sunflower inbred lines on their SCA effects for yield components

100%

Luczkiewicz T. , Karczmarek Z.

Journal of Applied Genetics

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2004

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tom 45

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nr 2

175-182

EN

Genetic distances between seven oil sunflower inbred lines expressed in the variability of five morphological traits were analysed in terms of their effect on the specific combining ability (SCA) effects in these lines for yield component traits. The multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and other related multidimensional methods were used to recognize the differences between genotypes with respect to morphological traits. Canonical analysis was applied for a graphical configuration of parental lines and diallel hybrids in the two-dimensional space. As a measure of the difference between parental lines with respect to the analysed morphological traits jointly, i.e. as a measure of the morphological distance between these forms, Mahalanobis? distance was used. Phenotypic differences between lines were estimated using Mahalanobis? distance for each pair of crossed lines calculated for all the analysed morphological traits. The effect of morphological differences between inbred lines on the mean SCA effect for individual yield components, measured by the linear regression, was significant for oil yield per plant and for the number of seeds per plant.

2

Plants of winter rye Secale cereale L. with coalesced stamens

100%

Kubicka H.

Genetica Polonica

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1993

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tom 34

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nr 2

118-119

EN

Plants with were selected in S3 inbred generation of (Secale cereale L.) cv. Pancerne. After repeated self-pollinations of these plants a was obtained. Plants with coalesced stamments in comparison to check plants are shorter, less tillering, have shorter stamens and staminal filaments, a smaller diameter of pollen sack, thinner walls of pollen sack and a smaller diameter of pollen vessels. On the cross-section of the stamen twelve pollen sacs are aranged in line or in the shape of triangle. It was found that the character of coalesced stamens is controlled by a single cs recessive gene.

3

Genetic diversity of inbred rye lines evaluated by RAPD analysis

88%

Myskow B. , Masojc P. , Banek-Tabor A. , Szolkowski A.

Journal of Applied Genetics

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2001

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tom 42

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nr 1

1-14

EN

This study presents an attempt to supply breeders of hybrid rye with more genetic information on inbred lines, using molecular markers. Eighteen polymorphic loci detected by means of the RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) technique and mapped on 2R-7R rye chromosomes, were applied to study genetic similarities among forty inbred lines of rye. The lines were grouped in four main clusters revealed on dendrogram, which was generally consistent with the pedigree data. Mapped RAPD markers were shown to be a useful tool for phenetic studies in rye. Additionally, a system of 20 polymorphic fragments, detected by three primers, was developed for fingerprinting of rye lines. The system of RAPD markers, which was developed in this study, should be helpful in characterisation of rye genetic stocks used for breeding.

4

Genetic mapping of the gene affecting polyphenol oxidase activity in tetraploid durum wheat

88%

Watanabe N. , Masum A. A. S. M. G. , Nachit M. M.

Journal of Applied Genetics

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2006

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tom 47

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nr 3

201-205

EN

The quality of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) is influenced by polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity and its corresponding substrates. A saturated molecular-marker linkage map was constructed previously by using a set of recombinant inbred (RI) lines, derived from a cross between durum wheat cultivars Jennah Khetifa and Cham 1. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for PPO activity in seeds were mapped in this population. PPO activity in seeds of the parents and 110 RI lines was measured spectrophotometrically. The PPO activity of Cham 1 was significantly lower than that of Jennah Khetifa. QTL analysis of these data indicated that most of PPO activity was associated with major loci on the long arm of chromosome 2A. The trait was found to be strongly associated with the SSR marker Xgwm312@2A. With this knowledge, marker-assisted selection can be used to select genotypes with lower PPO activity in durum wheat populations.

5

Resistance of Polish lines and hybrids of watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum et Nakai] to Fusarium oxysporum at the seedling stage

88%

Swiader M. , Pronczuk M. , Niemirowicz?Szczytt K.

Journal of Applied Genetics

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2002

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tom 43

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nr 2

161-170

EN

Watermelon is a species cultivated in the hot climate or in the greenhouse. Since recently it has also started to be grown in the open in the Polish climate. This species is frequently at risk of Fusarium oxysporum infection. Between 1996 and 1997 ten inbred lines and nine hybrids of Polish origin were tested for resistance to this pathogen. The test was conducted with the use of four isolates of F. oxysporum: three from Polish infected plants (formae speciales not determined), while the fourth from U.K. (F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum). In the three series of tests the control plants were Pannonia F1 and Sugar Baby. No inbred line or hybrid was found to be highly resistant to the pathogen. However, it was possible to identify four lines and five hybrids showing a higher level of resistance as compared with the control. The level of hybrid resistance was determined by comparison with the parental genotypes.

6

Combining ability and heterosis effect in winter squash (Cucurbita maxima Duch.)

75%

Korzeniewska A. , Niemirowicz-Szczytt K.

Genetica Polonica

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1993

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tom 34

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nr 3

259-272

EN

Combining ability and heterosis effect of mine inbred lines of was estimated. As a result of incomplete diallel crosses 49 hybrids were obtained and then they were evaluated in two years of experiment. Both GCA and SCA were estimated. Heterosis effect was tested by comparison to the better parental form. was also estimated by comparison to the standard and by Pollhamer method. High GCA values were indicated for such traits as fruit weight and number, and yield. Significant SCA was observed for fruit yield. It confirms the contribution of the other than additive gene action. With respect to dry matter content and yield 144 line appeared to be the best parental form. Reciprocal crosses had an important effect on fruit vield and fruit weight. The highest heterosis effect was observed for dry matter yield and dry matter content.